SPINOHUMERAL MUSCLES

Ml Ol Il N: A! F:Trapezius Descending part:

Superior nuchal line,external occipital protuberance,nuchal ligament

Transverse part:C7-T3:-sprnous process-supraspinous ligaments

Ascending part:f3-L2i-<ninnr rc nrnaocc-qilorAqninol rs lioamenlq

Clavicle: lateral 1/3

Acromion

Spine of scapula

Accesory n,

Cervical plexus

Darsal scapulara. (fromtransversecervical a.)

Scapula:-Elevation / Depression-Retraction-Rotation

At 7 o'clock, I'll climb a 3,

Latissimus dorsi Vertebral part:T6-12i-spinous process-interspinous ligamentsL1 -5(via thoracolumbar fascia) :

-spinous process-interspinous ligaments

iliac part:Iliac crest

costal paft:Rib 10-12

Scapular part:Inferior anole

Humerus:

crest of lesser tubercle

intertubercular sulcus

Thoracodorsal n,

(brachial plexus)

Thoracodorsala. (fromsubscapular a.)

Dorsal scapulara. (fromtransverseceruical a.)

Glenohumeral joint:-Medial rotation-Adduction-Extension-Transverse extension (until backof hand reaches buttocks)]Coughing muscle"-Forced expiration

(i.e. brings shoulders down &backwards)

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Levator scapulae c1-c4:posterior tubercles @transverse Drocesses

Scapula: Superior angle

Dorsal scapular n(brach'al plexus)

Dorsal scapular Scapula:-elevates while rotating inferioranole mediallv

Rhomboideus minor c6-7 Scapula: Medial marginf near s{lnraqninorrs fossa)

Dorsal scapular Scapula:-elevates-retracts back to vertebralcolumn-presses onto thoracic wall

If paralyzed:=winoed scanula

Rhomboideus major T7-4iSpinous process

Scapula: Medial margin(near infraspinous fossa)

Dorsal scapular

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gecl-us carpihr G;SHORT MUSCLES OF THE NECK

THORACOHUMERAL MUSCLES

INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

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M: o: I: N: A: F:Rectus capitis posteriormrnor

Atlas: A. tubercle I. nuchal line: M, part

Suboccipital nAll these muscles work in

parrs to...EXTEND THE HEAD

Rectus capitis posteri0r Axis: spinous process I. nuchal line: middle oart Rotate face to same side

Obliouus caDitis suDerior Atlas: transverqe nrocesqs L nuchal line: L. Dart Bend head to same sideObliouus caDitis inferior Axis: sDinorJs Drocess Atlas: transverse Drocess Rotate face to same side

M: o; r: N: Al F:Pectoralis major Clavicular part:

Medial 1/3

Abdominal part:S, part of rectus sheath

Sternocostal paft:Manubr,um & body of sternumRib 2-7 (costal cartilaoe)

Humerus:crest of greater tubercle

M. & L. pectoral n.(brachial plexus)

Thoracoacromiala. (pectoral br.)

Glenohumeral j.:-Flexion // Extension-Adduction-Medial rotation

-accessory respiratory m. (ifarms are fixed) z.;' f ,. I d w, r a

Pectoralis mlnor Rib 2-5 (near costal cartilage) Scapula : Coroeoid process M. pectoral n,(brachial olexus)

Thoracoacromiala. (Dectoral br-)

Scapula:Lowers & nrofracfs

Subclavius Rib 1: junction between bone &cartilage

Clavicle: subclavian groove Nerve to subclavius(brachial plexus)

Thoracoacromiala,(clavicular br.)

Clavicle: lowers & mediallv

Serratus anterior 9/10 slips from rib 1-8/9

(usually 2 slips from rib 2)

Scapula (A, surface):-M. margin-L angle

Long thoracic n,(brachial plexus)

Upper part:LAT thoracic a.

Lower part:Thoracodorsal a,

-press scapula onto thoracicwall-elevate arm beyond 90x-accessory respiratory m. (ifshoulder is fixed)

If paralysed:-winged scapula-arms X elevate bevond 90x

M: Or N! A: F:Intercostal externus(intercostales externi)

(so. : Intercostalis externus)

Upper rib: l, margin Lower rib: S, margin

intercostal n.

Forced inspiration

Intercostal Internus(intercostales interni)

Lower rib: S. margin Upper rib: I. margin Expiration "subcostal" if extends overseveral segments;"intercartilaginous" if @reoion of costal cartilaoes

Intercostal intimus(intercostales intimi)

Lower rib: S, margin Upper rib: behind costaloroove

Expiration

Transversus thoracis Body of sternum & xiphoidDrocess: P. surface

Rib 2-6:Costal cartilace

Expi ration

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SPlNOCOSTAL MUSCLES

SPINOTRANSVERSE MUSCLES

SACROSPINAL MUSCLES

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Serratus posteriorsuDerior

C6-T4:Soinous r

Rib 2-5:lateral to costal anole

Intercostal n.

Lift ribs lOO: see 6, take 4

Serratus Dosterior inferior T1 1 -12:SDinous orocess

Rib 9-12 Lowers libs Take 11, leave 2

Levator costae (Levatorescosta rum )

c7-Ttt"Transverse orocess

Ribs (below):costal tubercle

Lift ribs The 7-11 muscle

M: o: I: N: Ai F:SDleniusSplenius capitis c3-T3:

Spinous processMastoid processSuperior nuchal lineflateral Dart) Spinal n.

(dorsal br.)

Both: lift headOne: rotate head on same sideAlso: support other intrinsicmuscles of the back

Ahoj, capt! March 3 by 3,followsternocl€idomastoid!

Splenius cervicis T4-6:Soinous orocess

at -?.Transverse

Kept on marching.,.,.ooDs foroot sth!

MI o: ll N! A: F:Iliocostalis) Iliocostalis lumborum Sacrum

Iliac crest: Ext lipThoracolumbar fascia

Upper LV: costal processRib 6-12

Spinal n.(dorsal br.)

ERECTOR SPINAE M.(the SUPERFICIAL GP.)

-extend head & vertebralcolumn-LAT flexion of vertebral column-turn head to contracting side

) Iliocostalis thoracis Rib 6-12:Costal anole

Rib 1-6

) Iliocostalis cervicis Rib 3-6:Costal anole

Upper CV:

Lonoissimus) Longissimus thoracis bacrum

LV: spinous processMedially:TV: transverse processLV: accessory process

Laterally:RibsLV: costal processThoracodorsal fascia (deeplaver)

) Longissimus cervicis T1-6:Transverse orocess

c2-5:Transverse orocess

t Longissimus capitis c4-T5:Transverse Drocess

Mastoid process

SPINOSPINAL MUSCLES (SYSTEM OF STRAIGHT MUSCLES)

TRANSVERSOSPTNAL MUSCLES (SYSTEM OF OBLIQUE MUSCLES)

M: Oi I! Nl A: F:SDinalis

Spinal n.(dorsal br.)

) Spinalis cervicis C.4-C7iSoinous orocess

LZ-LJ:SDinor rq

See:

ERECTOR SPINAE M.(the DEEP GP,)

See door to heaven,.,..,see shoe on tree

all function to stabilizeadjacent vertebrae duringmovements of vertebralcolumn to allow moreeffective action of largemuscre 9roups

) Spinalis thoracis Lower TV & upper CV:Soinous nrocess

Upper TV:Sninnr r< n

IntersDinalesSpinal n.

(dorsal br. )

+ IntersDinales cervicis Between spinous processes of CV Extension of CV column) Intersninales thoracis Between sDinous Drocesses of TV Extension of TV columnInterspinales lumborun Between sDinous Drocesses of LV Extension of LV columnIntertransversarii) ANT. - cervicis Between adjacent CV:

ANT. tubercle (O transverse DrocessesCervical plexus Abducts CV

) POST. - cervicis Between adjacent C2-7:POST. tubercle @ transverse Drocesses

Spinal n,(dorsal br.)

Abducts CV

) MED, - lumborum Between adjacent LV:Mamillarv Drocess & accessoru nrocesq

Spinal n.(dorsal br.)

) LAT. - lumborum Between adjacent LV:Costal Drocesses

Lumbar plexus

M: o: I: Ni A! F:Semispinalis thoracis etcervicis

TVi transverse Drocess C2-T6: spinous process

(ZA says: fromC2-ft2,skio 4tn -sth vertebrae)

Spinal n.(dorsal br.)

See shoe, scared! Takestickt

All transversospinal muscleshave this function:

) both sides:extend backbone

) one side:rotate backbone to oppositeside,

Semispinalis capitis Lower CV:Articular processUpper TV:Transverse process

Squamous part of occipitalbone (between S. & Lnuchal lines)

Both: lift head

One: tilt head upwards to side(wiping chin on sleeve action)

Multifidus(Multifidi)

Lower CV:Articular process

TV:Transverse process

LV:Mamillary process

Sacrum:PncfFridr <r rrfaaa

(Higher) spinous process

Rotatores- cervicis- thoracis- lumborum

CV: transverse proc.TV: transverse proc.LV: mamillary proc.

(Same level & higher)sprnous process

ABDOMINAL MUSCLES (also: defecation & labour)

DEEP ABDOMINAL MUSCLES

ANTERIOR / MEDIAL GROUPM! o: Ii N: Ai F:

Rectus abdominis Rib 5-7: near costal cartilageXiphoid process

-3 tendinous intersections(only A. surface of muscleattaches to it)-pubic tubercle-qvmnhvsiq nr rhi<

Intercostal n.(abdominal br.)

-COMPRESS ABDOMINALCONTENTS.FLEX TRUNK // PELViS-tenses abdominal wall

Pyramidalis

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-pubic tubercle-svmDhvsis nrlbis

Linea alba Intercostal n.(abdominal br.)

Tenses linea alba

Obliouus externus abdominis Slips from rib 5-12 Aponeurosis (A, part ofrectus sheath)Linea alballiac crest (ext. lip)Inouinal lio.

Intercostal n.(abdominal br.)

-COMPRESS ABDOMINALCONTENTS.FLEX TRUNK // PELVIS-Turn A. abdomen to OPPOSITESIDE!!!

Obliouus internus abdominis fliac crest (intermediate line)Iliac spine A,S.Inguinal ligamentThoracolumbar fascia (deeplayer)

Aponeurosis (A. & P. partof rectus sheath)t A, part completelycovers abdt P. part ends below navel

arcuate lineLinea albaLast 3 ribs: I. marain

-rntercostal n.(abdominal br.)-iliohypogastric n.-ilioinguinal n.-genitofemoral n.

.COMPRESS ABDOMINALCONTENTS-FLEX TRUNK // PELVIS-Turn A. abdomen to SAMESIDE! ! !

Transversus abdominis Iliac crest (inner. tip)Iliac spine A.S.Inguinal ligamentThoracolumbar fascia (deeplayer)Sfips from rib 7-t2

Aponeurosis (P. part ofrectus sheath)Linea alba

intercosta I

(abdominal br.)-iliohypogastric n.-ilioinguinal n.-(genitofemoral n.)

-COMPRESS ABDOMINALCONTENTS

Cremaster Fibers from int, abd. obl. &trans. abd.

Guy: envelops spermaticcoroGirl: envelops roundlidampnt nf I rtarr rc

-genital br. ofgenitofemoral n,

Raises testis towards body whencool env to orevent loss of heat(to promote spermatogenesis)

M: o: I: Ni A: F,.Psoas major Deep part:

TL2-L4lLateral sudacesintervertebral discs

Superficial part:L 1-L5:Costal Drocesses

Lesser trochanter (asIliopsoas)

Lumbar plexus Hip joint:-Flexion-Adduction-Lateral rotation

Trunk:Lateral flexion

Psoas minor T12-11:Lateral su#acesIntervertebral discs

Iliopubic eminence,radiates into iliopectinealarch

Lumbar plexus Trunk:Lateral flexion

Quadratus lumborum

(ZA says:this is POSTERIOR GROUP ofABDOMINAL MUSCLES)

Iliac crest (inner lip) Rib 12L1-L4: #processes

Jro*tt*ivt

Lumbar plexusSubcostal n,

Lowers rib 12Lateral flexion of trunk