Muscles

Dr Rishi PokhrelMaj

MBBS, MDLecturer, NAIHS

Introduction• Latin – mus - mouse• Many resemble a mouse & with their tapering ends

(tendons) representing tail• Contractile tissue - brings about movement • Motors of body• Types

Structure• Epimysium• Perimysium• Edomysium

Parts of skeletal muscle• Origin: muscle end; relatively fixed during contraction• Insertion: muscle end; moves during contraction• Attachments: origin & insertion are interchangeable• Belly: Fleshy, Contractile• Fibrous: Non contractile

– Tendon (cord like)– Aponeurosis (flattened sheet)

Muscles of upper limb

• Back• Scapular region• Chest• Arm• Forearm• Hand

Back Chest

Scapular region

Deltoid

Origin: Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, lateral margin of the acromion, anterior border of lateral one-third of clavicle Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerusNerve supply: Axillary nerve [C5,C6]Action: Abduction of armApplied: IM injection

Arm & Forearm

Muscles of lower limb

• Gluteal region• Inguinal region• Thigh• Leg• Foot

Gluteal Region

• Gluteus maximus• Gluteus medius• Gluteus minimis• Piriformis• Obturator internus• Gemellus superior• Gemellus inferior• Qadratus femoris• Tensor fasciae latae

Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Maximus• Origin: Fascia covering gluteus

medius, ilium, fascia of erector spinae, sacrum, lateral, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

• Insertion: Iliotibial tract & gluteal tuberosity of femur

• Nerve supply: Inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,S2)

• Action: Extension, lateral rotation and abduction of hip

• Applied: IM injection

Inguinal Muscles

Thigh

Hamstrings – Muscles of Back of Thigh

• Semitendinosus• Semimembranosus• Biceps femoris• Adductor magnus –

hamstring part

Anterior compartment

• Quadriceps– Vastus lateralis– Vastus intermidius– Vastus medialis– Rectus femoris

• Sartorius

Medial compartment

• Adductor longus• Adductor brevis• Adductor magnus• Gracilis• Pectineus• Obturator externus

Leg

Pelvic diaphram

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