Muscle Tissue. What is Muscle Tissue? Composed of cells that are highly specialized to shorten in...
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Transcript of Muscle Tissue. What is Muscle Tissue? Composed of cells that are highly specialized to shorten in...
![Page 1: Muscle Tissue. What is Muscle Tissue? Composed of cells that are highly specialized to shorten in length by contractility. Made up of cells that are called.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56649d015503460f949d3254/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Muscle Tissue
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What is Muscle Tissue?
• Composed of cells that are highly specialized to shorten in length by contractility.• Made up of cells that are called
myocytes.• Elongated in one direction (muscle
fibres).
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Special Terms
• Plasma Membrane Sarcolemma• Cytoplasm Sarcoplasm• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Sarcoplasmic • Mitochondria Sarcosomes
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Types of Muscles
• Smooth Muscle
• Skeletal Muscle
• Cardiac Muscle
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Skeletal Muscle
• Striated or voluntary muscle• Present mainly in limbs and in relation to body
wall.• Elongated, Cylindrical, multinucleated cells• Varies in length from a few mm to few cm.• Alternate dark & light bands (cross-striations).• Mostly originate from somatic mesoderm• Basic unit is long, cylindrical fiber
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General Architecture
• Skeletal Muscle fibres are supported by Connective Tissue framework, well appreciated in cross section of a muscle
• EpimysiumEntire Muscle• Permysium Bundles of Muscle fibres• Endomysium- Individual muscle fibre
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Skeletal Muscle
• Fibres are arranged parallel to each other.• Formed by fusion of multiple myoblasts during
embryonic life.• Myofibrils: contractile elements • Sarcomere: fundamental contractile unit• Myofilaments: contain thick (myosin) and thin
(actin) filaments
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Skeletal Muscle
• Nerve supply: Motor fibres Sensory fibres
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Skeletal Muscle
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Skeletal Muscle
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Skeletal Muscle
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Skeletal Muscle
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Cardiac Muscle
• Striated and involuntary• Present exclusively in heart• Originates in splanchnopleuric mesoderm• Supplied by ANS (sympathetic &
parasympathetic)
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Microscopic structure of Cardiac Muscle
• Consists of long and thick branching muscle fibres• Intercalated discs- specialized cell junctions• These junctions are gap junctions & Desmosomes• Acts as a FUNCTIONAL SYNCYTIUM• Centrally placed single oval nucleus• Faint transverse lines• Supplied by ANS (sympathetic & parasympathetic)
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Cardiac Muscle
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Cardiac Muscle
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Cardiac Muscle
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Cardiac Muscle
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Cardiac Muscle
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Smooth Muscle
• Spindle elongated cells• 30 micron in length• 200-500 micron length in pregnancy• Non-striated, involuntary• Supplied by Autonomic Nervous System
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Smooth Muscles
• Adjacent smooth muscle cells are in contact with each other through gap junctions which help to transmit the electric impulses from one cell to another.
• Spindle shaped cells• Centrally placed oval nucleus
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Smooth Muscle
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Smooth Muscle
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Smooth Muscle
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Connective tissue frame work
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Muscle Tissue
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Muscle
• Mesodermal in origin• Composed predominantly of
Specialized cells which shorten in length by contraction and this is how they bring about Movement
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Muscle
• Muscle fibres are elongated cells which contain contractile proteins, mainly Actin and Myosin.
• Interaction between these proteins bring about contraction.
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Other Contractile Cells
•Myoepithelial cells
•Myofibroblasts
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