Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss
Transcript of Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss
![Page 1: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Music 100Music Appreciation
![Page 2: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
THERE ARE NO MAKE UP EXAMS FOR ANY REASON.
![Page 3: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
“Failing to prepare is preparing to fail.”
Coach John Wooden
![Page 4: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Power of Music
Why did you sign up for this course?
What does music mean in your life? How long have humans been making music? How is music created? Is anyone really listening?
![Page 5: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Music Appreciation
What is an appreciation anyhow? College Class Catalogs
Art Theater Music Dance
![Page 6: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Music Appreciation“The combination of respect and knowledge
derived from an evaluation of the music’s quality and significance” – Megill Tolerance/exposure/receptivity Criticism/analysis Understanding Personal taste
![Page 7: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Music History & Appreciation
History contributes to appreciation A tool that allows us to see musical
development
![Page 8: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How We Experience Music
Consider all the different ways you experience music.
Places we hear music, i.e., concerts. Where else? Events where music has an important role, i.e.,
weddings. Where else? How does music effect your emotions? Consider
a film without the dramatic impact of the musical score.
![Page 9: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Power of Music
At the physiological level music evokes impressive responses: Changes in pulse Respiration Blood pressure
![Page 10: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Writing about and describing something we hear can be challenging
The following tips can be used for your listening logs, concert reports or short answers
Start with the basics1) Fast – Slow2) Voices – Instruments – Combo3) Loud – Soft4) Happy – Sad
How to Write about Music
![Page 11: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How to Write about Music
Stating “I didn’t like it” or “It was amazing” is a place to start, but ask yourself “why?” “I didn’t like it because the fast pace made me
feel anxious” “It was amazing when the singer sang so high
and for so long on the final note” “I was bored” – Better would be: “I was bored
since the music seemed the same and it didn’t grab my attention.”
![Page 12: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Thoughts on Music
“Music is your own experience, your own thoughts, your wisdom. If you don’t live it, it won’t come out of your horn. They teach you there’s a boundary line to music. But, man, there’s no boundary line to art.”
– Jazz Musician, Charlie “Bird” Parker
![Page 13: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Thoughts on Music“Music, in performance, is a type of
sculpture. The air in the performance is sculpted into something.”
– Frank Zappa
“Music, of all the arts, stands in a special region, unlit by any star but its own, and utterly without meaning … except its own.”
– Leonard Bernstein, The Joy of Music
![Page 14: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Part One – Basic Concepts
The term “music” can be defined in many ways. What is your definition?
An art of organized sound
![Page 15: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
In order to become informed listeners of music we must learn how and what to listen for.
Basic ConceptsMelody Sound
RhythmHarmonyTextureForm
![Page 16: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
SoundPitch – The highness or lowness of a sound
The rate of vibration, or frequency, determines the level of pitch for a sound.
Slow vibrations = low sounds low frequencyFast vibrations = high sounds
high frequency
![Page 17: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Tone
Tone – A specific pitch (or a note).
Western music refers to tones with letter names A through G.
On a piano, these tones are assigned to the white notes of the keyboard.
Music tones (notes) are defined by their pitch and their duration – the length of time a tone’s sound vibrates
![Page 18: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Piano Keyboard
A B C D E F G
![Page 19: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Music Notation
Music is written on, or notated on a staff, consisting of 5 lines and 4 spaces.
A staff is a graphic representation of music tones.
Notes low on the staff sound low and those high on the staff sound high.
C D E F G A B C
![Page 20: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Melody
An organization of musical tones.A succession of tones (a melody) creates a linear pattern on
the music staff.
Interval – the distance between 2 tones. The most common is an interval of an octave.
Yankee Doodle
![Page 21: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Piano Keyboard
↑ ↑Interval of an Octave
![Page 22: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
MelodyA melody is characterized by:
Its range – the distance between the highest and lowest tones in the melody
Its shape – the overall direction a melody takes as it moves up, down or remains fixed
Its movement – how a melody moves from tone to toneconjunct movement – step by step movement, closely related tones.disjunct movement – wide movement, distantly related tones.
![Page 23: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Melody Shapes
![Page 24: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Melody Shapes
![Page 25: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Melody Movement
![Page 26: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Melody
A melody is much like a sentence. They contain phrases.
Phrases arrive at stopping points within a piece of music called cadences.
Cadences act much like punctuation marks such as commas, semi-colons and periods.
![Page 27: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Phrase
↓Cadence
![Page 28: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Melody
Phrases are often presented in alternating, pairs. One phrase often asks a question, while the alternating phrase answers the question, i.e., Row, Row, Row Your Boat
![Page 29: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Melody: Phrase Structure
29
Rhyme Scheme Melody Structure: poetic phrases often align with musical phrases
![Page 30: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Rhythm
Beat vs. Rhythm The Beat is the steady pulse of music (what we
often tap our feet to). Rhythm is the arrangement of long and short
sounds in music. Rhythm is the earliest and most basic element of
music.
![Page 31: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Meter
The organization of rhythm into metrical patterns. Meter groups beats into stressed and unstressed
patterns
Meter organizes the beat and rhythm in units called measures or bars.
![Page 32: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
One Measure (bar)
![Page 33: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Meter
The most common meters are: duple (2 beats per measure) triple (3 beats per measure) quadruple (4 beats per measure)
Meter is expressed in the beginning of a score with a time signature.
![Page 34: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Beat Emphasis in Meter
Bar Pattern of Beats or Meter Pattern over Four Bars
2 beat bar Strong Weak 2: S W | S W | S W | S W |
3 beat bar Strong Medium Weak 3: S M W | S M W | S M W | S M W |
4 beat bar Strong Weak Medium Weak 4: S W M W | S W M W | S W M W | S W M W
243444
![Page 35: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Conducting Patterns
Duple Triple
![Page 36: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Additional Rhythmic Terms
Downbeat – the first beat of a measure. Indicated by the downward motion of a conducting pattern.
Upbeat – the last beat of a measure. Indicated by the upward motion of a conducting pattern.
Upbeats and downbeats follow the direction of a conductor’s arm.
![Page 37: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Additional Rhythmic Terms
Syncopation – purposely emphasizing the weak beats or offbeat. This is a distinct element of jazz.
Additive Meter – found often in non-Western music, irregular groupings of beats in a larger pattern. (10=2+3+2+3)
Nonmetric – music lacking any strong sense of beat or meter. Can be heard in Medieval chant.
![Page 38: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Harmony – Musical Space
Two or more different tones sounded together. Provides support for melody. Melody is horizontal (linear) Harmony is vertical in music.
Chord – a combination of 3 or more pitches sounded simultaneously. A series of chords is called a chord progression.
Chord progressions create forward movement in music.
![Page 39: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Harmony
Triad – a special type of chord built of intervals of thirds.
Triads or Chords can be played blocked or broken (arpeggios).
![Page 40: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Scales
Scales - A group of ascending or descending tones arranged in a set order.
The two most common scales in Western music are major and minor scales
![Page 41: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Harmony
Tonality or Tonal musicMusic centered around a single tone or tonic note of
a major or minor scale.i.e., a song in the key of C
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
do re mi fa sol la ti do
![Page 42: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Harmony
Consonant – restful, passive sounds.
Dissonant – unstable, active, tense sounds.
Dissonant sounds tend to move the listener forward in a desire for consonance.
Drone – a sustained tone against which melody and rhythm develop. Drones are common in non-Western music and Medieval chant.
![Page 43: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Hearing Major and Minor
Scales are like colors on an artists palette. A composer will choose a specific scale to achieve
a desired musical mood.
![Page 44: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Hearing Major and Minor
The specific mood a scale expresses is very subjective. It varies from person to person.
Generally, we hear major melodies as bright, cheery, optimistic.
Conversely, minor melodies are often dark, somber and even sinister in mood.
![Page 45: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
More Types of Scales
Chromatic Scale – comprised entirely of half steps. Creates a sense of tension.
Whole-Tone Scale – comprised entirely of whole steps. Creates a sense of floating or endlessness due to the lack of half steps. This scale is often used for a dreamy effect.
Pentatonic Scale – A five note scale with a range of an octave. The most familiar is playing all the black notes on a
keyboard. Almost all cultures have some form of pentatonic scale.
![Page 46: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
TEXTURE
The ways in which melody and harmony are combined in music.
3 types of texture in music.MonophonicPolyphonic
Homophonic
![Page 47: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Texture
Monophonic – A single, unaccompanied melody. Gregorian chant is often sung in a monophonic texture. All voices sing in unison, the same melody.
![Page 48: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Texture
Polyphonic – More than one melody sounding simultaneously. Songs in a round where a melody is preformed by
2 or more voices entering at different times is a type of polyphony.
![Page 49: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Special types of Polyphony
Counterpoint – another term synonymous with polyphony
Imitation – a melody is presented in one voice then restated in one or more additional voices. This is also called canon or round.
![Page 50: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Texture
Homophonic – a melody accompanied by other voices or instruments creating harmony rather than melody. Hymns or folk songs are usually accompanied by chords on a piano, organ or guitar while singers sing the melody.
![Page 51: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Musical Form
Form The overall design of a piece of music. The big
picture. Significant for instrumental music since it lacks a
text which helps determine form. The Main principles of form:
Repetition – provides unity Contrast – provides variety Variation – a blend
![Page 52: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Musical Form
Binary form – two part form A-B Ternary form – three part form A-B-A
Elements of Form Theme – a melody that recurs throughout a piece,
either in its original form or altered in some way. This is most easily heard in film scores. Themes create unity.
i.e., Star Wars
![Page 53: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Musical Form
Elements of Form Theme – a melody that recurs throughout a piece,
either in its original form or altered in some way. This is most easily heard in film scores. Themes create unity.
i.e., Star Wars Motive or motivic melody – a short melodic
phrase that constitutes the building blocks of a piece of music. Usually shorter than a theme. Beethoven’s 5th Symphony is an example of a
motivic melody.
![Page 54: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Elements of Form
Sequence – The repetition of a phrase either raised or lowered in pitch, i.e., opening of Tchaikovsky’s Trepak
![Page 55: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Musical Expression – Tempo
The rate of speed in music.Indicated with Italian terms or metronome markings in the
score.Largo = slowAdagio = slow
Andante = moderateModerato = moderate
Allegro = fastPresto = very fast
Vivace = lively
![Page 56: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Musical Expression – Dynamics
The level of volume in music
Dynamics (how loud to play or sing) were not indicated to performers until the seventeenth century.
The names and symbols for dynamics originated in Italy due to their strong influence in music during the seventeenth century.
![Page 57: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Dynamics: Names and Symbols
![Page 58: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Dynamics: Names and Symbols
Crescendo – Gradually becoming louder
Decrescendo or Diminuendo – Gradually becoming softer.
![Page 59: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
↓ Tempo Marking
↓Dynamic mark
↓Crescendo Mark
↓Dynamic mark
Eighth Rests
Quarter note
![Page 60: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Timbre
The quality of sound of a particular voice or instrument.
For example the difference between the same tone played on a piano, a trumpet and a violin.
![Page 61: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Timbre
Instruments of the OrchestraInstrument Families:
StringsBrass
WoodwindsPercussion
Instrument families share certain characteristics, such as how they play their instruments, i.e., bowed, plucked, blown or struck.
![Page 62: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
The World of Musical Instruments
Aerophones – sound produced by air vibrations Chordophones – sound produced with string
vibrations Idiophones – sound produced by the instrument
itself Bells, rattles, xylophones, and cymbals
Membranophones – sound produced from stretched membranes
![Page 63: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
String Instruments Orchestral StringsOrchestral Strings
ViolinViolin ViolaViola CelloCello BassBass Played with a bow or pizzicato Played with a bow or pizzicato
Other String InstrumentsOther String Instruments HarpHarp Guitar, banjo, dulcimer, lute, and ukuleleGuitar, banjo, dulcimer, lute, and ukulele
![Page 64: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Instruments of the Orchestra
Additional Stringed InstrumentHarp
![Page 65: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Instruments of the Orchestra
WoodwindsPiccolo, flute, oboe, English horn, clarinet and
bassoon
Sound is produced by a column of air being blown across a hole (flute, piccolo) or into a mouthpiece containing reeds which activate the column of air (oboe, clarinet, English horn, bassoon).
![Page 66: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Woodwind InstrumentsWoodwind Instruments PiccoloPiccolo FluteFlute OboeOboe English hornEnglish horn ClarinetClarinet BassoonBassoon SaxophoneSaxophone
![Page 67: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Instruments of the Orchestra
The Brass FamilyTrumpet, trombone, French horn, tuba
Sound is produced by a column of air blown through a mouthpiece as a player vibrates his lips.
![Page 68: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Brass InstrumentsBrass Instruments TrumpetTrumpet TromboneTrombone Horn or French hornHorn or French horn TubaTuba
![Page 69: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Instruments of the Orchestra
Percussion InstrumentsA large category of instruments that produce sound
by shaking, rubbing or striking their instruments.Some instruments have a definite pitch such as:
Timpani (kettle drums), xylophone and chimes.Other instruments have indefinite pitch such as:
tambourine, triangle, cymbals and drums.
![Page 70: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Percussion InstrumentsPercussion Instruments Definite pitchDefinite pitch
TimpaniTimpani ChimesChimes XylophoneXylophone
Indefinite pitchIndefinite pitch TambourineTambourine TriangleTriangle CymbalsCymbals DrumsDrums
![Page 71: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
©
![Page 72: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Keyboard Instruments
Instruments that produce sound by players pressing keys on a keyboard.
Harpsichord, piano, pipe organ
Harpsichord – a predecessor to a piano. Harpsichords produce sound when a player depresses a key and a small piece called a plectrum plucks one of the strings. The sound produced by a harpsichord is not able to be sustained and dies away quickly.
![Page 73: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
HarpsichordHarpsichord
![Page 74: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Keyboard Instruments
Piano Pianos produce sound when a player depresses a
key and a hammer strikes the strings. Pianos are also considered percussion instruments
since sound is produced through striking the strings.
Pianos are capable of a wide range of tones from connected and singing to bright and percussive.
![Page 76: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
PianoPiano
![Page 77: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Keyboard InstrumentsPipe Organs – The King of Instruments
A keyboard instrument whose tones are produced through wind.
Pipes of various lengths are mechanically or electrically supplied with air. Organ tones are sustained for as long as
the player depresses the keys. Organs include stops that allow the player to change the
timbre and dynamic level of the sound. An organist can have as many as 5 keyboards (manuals) to
play, as well as a pedal board to play with the feet.
![Page 78: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Pipe OrganPipe Organ
![Page 79: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Pipe Organ
![Page 80: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Electronic Instruments
Electronic keyboards, guitars and organsElectronic synthesizer – an instrument that allows
composers to produce imitative, altered or original sounds. Came into wide use in the U.S. during the late 1950s and 1960s. Currently, digital technology allows composers to control every aspect of sound.
![Page 81: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Electronic Music StudioElectronic Music Studio
SynthesizerSynthesizer MIDI – the languageMIDI – the language of digitized music. of digitized music. MIDI stands for MIDI stands for “ “musical instrumentmusical instrument digital interface” digital interface” It is a 16 bit, or hexadecimalIt is a 16 bit, or hexadecimal languagelanguage
![Page 82: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Electronic Instruments
Digital technology Computer based Can fine-tune sounds unlike any other method Uses graphical analysis to alter sound files mp3 files can be transported on many types of
listening devices.
![Page 83: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Performing GroupsPerforming Groups Symphony OrchestraSymphony Orchestra Concert or symphonic bandConcert or symphonic band Chamber music – pg 57Chamber music – pg 57 Choral music – vocal groupsChoral music – vocal groups
ChorusChorus ChoirChoir
OperaOpera JazzJazz
![Page 84: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
The OrchestraThe Orchestra
![Page 85: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
A ChoirA Choir
![Page 86: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Instruments of the OrchestraBenjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra
Page 38 in your text.
Britten presents a main theme then a series of variations played by the different sections of the orchestra: woodwinds, strings, brass then percussion.
Sergei Prokofiev’s Peter and the Wolf. Prokofiev depicts each character of the story with a specific instrument.
![Page 87: Mus 100 week 1 unit 1 ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062821/5886e3931a28abba528b47cd/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)