Multiple IntelligenceMultiple IntelligenceApplied to On-Line LearningApplied to On-Line Learning

A Group Four Presentation

Members: Mona Carson Michael Groccia Verla Kyer Allan Meyer Linda Ripley Lois Stanberry

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By the end of this presentation, By the end of this presentation, you will be able to:you will be able to:

Define in simple terms eight different Define in simple terms eight different forms of intelligence.forms of intelligence.

Identify the strength and weaknesses of Identify the strength and weaknesses of the 8 different Multiple intelligences (MI).the 8 different Multiple intelligences (MI).

Define the 5 moments of learning Define the 5 moments of learning described by Conrad Gottfredson.described by Conrad Gottfredson.

Determine which MI would thrive in the on-Determine which MI would thrive in the on-line learning environment.line learning environment.

Determine which MI would wallow in the Determine which MI would wallow in the on-line learning environment.on-line learning environment.

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Theory of Multiple Theory of Multiple IntelligenceIntelligence

Howard Gardner's Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Multiple Intelligence Theory was first Theory was first published in Howard published in Howard Gardner's book, Gardner's book, Frames Of Mind (1983), Frames Of Mind (1983), and quickly became and quickly became established as a established as a classical model by classical model by which to understand which to understand and teach many and teach many aspects of human aspects of human intelligence. intelligence.

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Your TaskYour Task

Please click on link below to Please click on link below to complete an on-line quiz to complete an on-line quiz to determine where your MI strengths determine where your MI strengths and weaknesses are.and weaknesses are.

www.acceleratedlearning.com/method/test_your_style.html

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Review: Review: Multiple Multiple Intelligences Intelligences

The Web Quiz that you have just taken to The Web Quiz that you have just taken to determine your individual learning style is determine your individual learning style is based on Howard Gardner's Multiple based on Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory. Intelligence Theory.

Let’s review the eight different types of Let’s review the eight different types of intelligence referred to in this theory.intelligence referred to in this theory.

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Multiple IntelligencesMultiple Intelligences

Linguistic intelligenceLinguistic intelligence Logical-mathematical intelligenceLogical-mathematical intelligence Musical intelligenceMusical intelligence Bodily-kinesthetic intelligenceBodily-kinesthetic intelligence Spatial intelligenceSpatial intelligence Interpersonal intelligenceInterpersonal intelligence Intrapersonal intelligenceIntrapersonal intelligence Naturalist intelligenceNaturalist intelligence

Source:Source:www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm

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Linguistic IntelligenceLinguistic Intelligence

Involves sensitivity to spoken and written Involves sensitivity to spoken and written languagelanguage

The ability to learn languages, and to use The ability to learn languages, and to use language to accomplish certain goals language to accomplish certain goals

The ability to effectively use language to The ability to effectively use language to express oneself rhetorically or poetically express oneself rhetorically or poetically

The use of language as a means to remember The use of language as a means to remember information information

Examples: Writers, poets, lawyers and Examples: Writers, poets, lawyers and speakersspeakers

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Logical-mathematical Logical-mathematical IntelligenceIntelligence

Consists of the capacity to analyze problems Consists of the capacity to analyze problems logicallylogically

Carry out mathematical operations, and Carry out mathematical operations, and investigate issues scientificallyinvestigate issues scientifically

In Howard Gardner's words, In Howard Gardner's words, ““It entails the ability to detect patterns, reason It entails the ability to detect patterns, reason

deductively and think logically”.deductively and think logically”. Most often associated with scientific and Most often associated with scientific and

mathematical thinkingmathematical thinking Examples: Examples: Scientists, engineers, computer Scientists, engineers, computer

programmers, researchers, accountantsprogrammers, researchers, accountants

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Musical IntelligenceMusical Intelligence

Involves skill in the performance, composition, Involves skill in the performance, composition, and appreciation of musical patternsand appreciation of musical patterns

Encompasses the capacity to recognize and Encompasses the capacity to recognize and compose musical pitches, tones, and rhythms. compose musical pitches, tones, and rhythms.

According to Howard Gardner musical According to Howard Gardner musical intelligence runs in an almost structural parallel intelligence runs in an almost structural parallel to linguistic intelligence to linguistic intelligence

Examples: musician, disc jockey, singer, Examples: musician, disc jockey, singer, composercomposer

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Bodily-kinesthetic Bodily-kinesthetic IntelligenceIntelligence

Entails the potential of using one's whole Entails the potential of using one's whole body or parts of the body to solve problems body or parts of the body to solve problems

Ability to use mental abilities to coordinate Ability to use mental abilities to coordinate bodily movementsbodily movements

Howard Gardner sees mental and physical Howard Gardner sees mental and physical activity as relatedactivity as related

Examples: Examples: Athletes, physical education Athletes, physical education teachers, dancers, actors, firefighters, teachers, dancers, actors, firefighters, artisansartisans

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Spatial IntelligenceSpatial Intelligence

Involves the potential to recognize and Involves the potential to recognize and use the patterns of wide space and use the patterns of wide space and more confined areasmore confined areas

The The interpretation and creation of visual interpretation and creation of visual images images

Pictorial imagination and expressionPictorial imagination and expression Understanding relationship between Understanding relationship between

images and meaningsimages and meanings Examples: navigators, sculptors, visual Examples: navigators, sculptors, visual

artists, inventors, architectsartists, inventors, architects

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Interpersonal Interpersonal IntelligenceIntelligence

Is the capacity to understand the Is the capacity to understand the intentions, motivations and desires of intentions, motivations and desires of other peopleother people

It allows people to work effectively with It allows people to work effectively with othersothers

Examples of people that would need this Examples of people that would need this to be well developedto be well developed

Examples: Educators, salespeople, Examples: Educators, salespeople, religious and political leadersreligious and political leaders

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Intrapersonal Intrapersonal IntelligenceIntelligence

The capacity to understand oneselfThe capacity to understand oneself To appreciate one's feelings, fears and To appreciate one's feelings, fears and

motivationsmotivations In Howard Gardner's viewIn Howard Gardner's view

““involves having an effective working model involves having an effective working model of ourselves and to be able to use such of ourselves and to be able to use such information to regulate our lives”information to regulate our lives”

Examples: Examples: Researchers, theorists, Researchers, theorists, philosophersphilosophers

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Naturalist IntelligenceNaturalist Intelligence

Enables human beings to recognize, Enables human beings to recognize, categorize and draw upon certain categorize and draw upon certain features of the environmentfeatures of the environment

Combines a description of the core Combines a description of the core ability with a characterization of the role ability with a characterization of the role that many cultures valuethat many cultures value

Examples: Veterinarian, Forest Ranger Examples: Veterinarian, Forest Ranger

Group #4’s MI chart.Group #4’s MI chart.

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lingu

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mathe

matica

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visua

lint

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mus

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natura

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bodil

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Verla

Lois

Linda

Allen

Mona

Mike

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On Line Learning

Now that we know where are strengths and weakness lie………

We need to learn some thing about where we are, “on line”

Time for an expert!

Conrad GottfredsonConrad Gottfredson

Dr. Conrad A. Gottfredson has Dr. Conrad A. Gottfredson has devoted his life to improving devoted his life to improving the life conditions of people, the life conditions of people, communities and nations communities and nations through education. His Ph.D. through education. His Ph.D. in Instructional Psychology in Instructional Psychology and Technology has provided and Technology has provided him the opportunity to pursue him the opportunity to pursue this life goal in a 25-year this life goal in a 25-year private consulting practice private consulting practice where he has helped where he has helped governments, non-profits, and governments, non-profits, and multi-national organizations multi-national organizations wisely employ emerging wisely employ emerging technologies and technologies and methodologies to help people methodologies to help people achieve personal and achieve personal and organizational goals. organizational goals.

Conrad GottfredsonConrad Gottfredson

He has pioneered methodologies for developing He has pioneered methodologies for developing and delivering learning at the moment of need to and delivering learning at the moment of need to those who need it, when they need it, in the those who need it, when they need it, in the language and form they require, from a single language and form they require, from a single source of content. source of content.

His many years of experience in business and His many years of experience in business and academia combined with his unique academia combined with his unique collaborative consulting style have helped him collaborative consulting style have helped him develop simple, practical solutions to the develop simple, practical solutions to the common challenges facing organizations at all common challenges facing organizations at all levels.levels.

http://www.blogger.com/profile/10764862654991032319http://www.blogger.com/profile/107648626549910323191919

The Modern Learning Dilemma

A Carnegie Mellon University Study stated in 2006 employees would need to retain 6-10% of the knowledge required to do their jobs.

http://www.xyleme.com/podcasts/archives/7

The Modern Learning Dilemma

This means that 90% or more of the required information must be available to the worker/learner at any time.

How is this possible?

http://www.xyleme.com/podcasts/archives/7

Gottfredson’s Solutions Along with his colleague, Robert

Mosher, he suggests that 90% of learning should be available on line and

That all online learning would be self directed (taking the learning out of the classroom).

We don’t all learn the same!

Problem

Gottfredson’s Solutions

Dr. Gottfredson research focused on Dr. Gottfredson research focused on …..…..

People’s learning needs, and People’s learning needs, and Matching these needs to their most Matching these needs to their most

effective delivery method.effective delivery method.

Gottfredson’s Solutions

He theorized that there were “Five He theorized that there were “Five moments of Learning Needs”moments of Learning Needs”

They are……………………They are……………………

Moments of Learning Moments of Learning NeedsNeeds

1.1. When learning for the first time.When learning for the first time.

2.2. When learning more.When learning more.

3.3. When remembering and/or When remembering and/or applying what’s been learned.applying what’s been learned.

4.4. When things go wrong.When things go wrong.

5.5. When things change.When things change.

http://www.xyleme.com/podcasts/archives/7http://www.xyleme.com/podcasts/archives/7

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Delivery MethodsDelivery Methods1.1. When learning for the first time.When learning for the first time.

Instructor based trainingInstructor based training Web based trainingWeb based training Performance supportPerformance support Electronic Support systemElectronic Support system

2.2. When learning more.When learning more. Instructor based trainingInstructor based training Web based trainingWeb based training Performance supportPerformance support Electronic Support systemElectronic Support system

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Delivery MethodsDelivery Methods3.3. When remembering and/or applying When remembering and/or applying

what’s been learned.what’s been learned. Performance supportPerformance support Electronic Support systemElectronic Support system

4.4. When things go wrong.When things go wrong. Performance supportPerformance support Electronic Support systemElectronic Support system

5.5. When things change.When things change. Performance supportPerformance support Electronic Support systemElectronic Support system

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Moments of Learning NeedsMoments of Learning Needs

Note: only two Learning needs require training:

1.1. When learning for the first time.When learning for the first time.

2.2. When learning more.When learning more.

Moments of Learning NeedsMoments of Learning Needs

Other three learning needs, only support is provided

Learner decides if and when to request support

Where does this leave us? As a On Line learning group we are

either: Learning more.Learning more. Learning for the first time. Or Learning for the first time. Or

Delivery methods employed to learn:Delivery methods employed to learn: Instructor based trainingInstructor based training Web based trainingWeb based training Performance supportPerformance support Electronic Support systemElectronic Support system

Where does this leave us? However as individual learners we also

fall into the remaining three Learning Moment Needs:

3.3. When remembering and/or applying what’s been When remembering and/or applying what’s been learned.learned.

4.4. When things go wrong.When things go wrong.

5.5. When things change.When things change.

Delivery methods employed to learn:Delivery methods employed to learn: Performance supportPerformance support Electronic Support systemElectronic Support system

Applying Theories

The obvious question that comes to mind is: How do these theories apply to us?

How do these theories apply to us?

As Online Learning is rapidly becoming the new style of learning, our group wondered… Which learning style would succeed? Which learning style would struggle? What can be done to help those who will

struggle? Can we blend the theories to suit our

needs?

Our Findings!

When learning for the first time: Overall, this method of learning was

distracting and frustrating! We found we kept searching where to look

for help. There was a need to go back over the

material several times in a step-by-step basis.

At times it seemed more of “How to use the Web self study course” as opposed to an Online “Adult Learning Course”.

Our Findings!

When learning more: Videos provided on this site were okay

but; The group found it frustrating having to go

back and forth between applying the information on the actual site, and having to view the video for a second or third time in order to fully understand what was being explained.

Our Findings!

When remembering or applying: The method of delivery for basic

information was satisfactory, however; Most would have prefer someone showing

them the more complicated applications. Again, this became very frustrating when

you had to flip back and forth between instructions and material

Our Findings!

When things go wrong: Most agreed there was a need to

continuously return to instructions to determine what was required to get back on track.

Some felt help was lacking, as they were accustomed to a help desk or colleagues to assist when things do not work out.

Group 4 findings!

When things change: No changes have occurred, however; The consensus is that if changes

occurred on this site, we would need to relearn everything again and/or seek help from others.

Some also acknowledged it might cause them serious problems.

Blending Theories

Our group also looked at blending Multiple Intelligence Theory with Multiple Intelligence Theory with Moments of Learning Needs Theory.Moments of Learning Needs Theory.

Specifically, which form of Specifically, which form of intelligence applied to which learning intelligence applied to which learning moment would succeed or be a moment would succeed or be a struggle.struggle.

Our conclusions…………………… Our conclusions……………………

MI matched to moments of learning

1. When Learning for the first time Succeed: Visual, Logical Struggle: Interpersonal, Musical

2. When Learning More Succeed: Intrapersonal, Linguistic Struggle: Interpersonal, Musical

MI matched to moments of learning

3. When Remembering or Applying Succeed: Visual, Logical, Intrapersonal Struggle: Interpersonal, Musical, Bodily

4. When Things go Wrong Succeed: Visual, Logical Struggle: Interpersonal, Musical, Naturalistic

5. When Things Change Succeed: Logical, Visual Struggle: Interpersonal, Musical, Naturalistic

How to lessen the Struggle!

Certain types intelligence tend to have more of a struggle with Online learning, what can be done to lessen this struggle…

Solutions for Struggling MI’s INTERPERSONAL: People with this intelligence like to

communicate and work with other people. Ways to have them be more successful in on-

line learning: Use of chat rooms, Email between learners, Wiki sites, discussion sites use of simulations involving two or more people

Based on our Group’s MI Chart, 3/6 in our group had this as in their fifth or lower intelligence.

Solutions for Struggling MI’s MUSICAL: These people would struggle through the

whole process. They think in musical terms, can distinguish between sounds, and like to create music. Ways to have them be more successful in on-line

learning: Wave files with music Having a presentation that requires the recording of

sound. Based on our Group’s MI Chart, 3/6 in our

group had this as their fifth or lower intelligence

Solutions for Struggling MI’s

NATURALISTIC: likes to be in touch with their natural surroundings. Would struggle in two areas:

1. When thing go wrong 2. When things change

Ways to have them be more successful in on-line learning: Use real images of the world for comparison studies Put pictures of the natural world on the site to keep the

learner interested. Based on our Groups MI Chart, 4/6 in our group

has this as their sixth or lower intelligence.

Solutions for Struggling MI’s

BODILY: This intelligence likes to use their body or parts of

their body to solve a problem or create something. With the tactile element to on line learning these

people may due well. Where they would struggle would be in the

remembering stage. Ways to have them be more successful in on-line

learning: use a mouse, keyboard or touch window technology.

Based on our Group MI Chart 4/6 in our group has this as their seventh or lower intelligence.

Who would Succeed? The MI’s that we felt would have the

greatest probability of success in Online learning are: INTRAPERSONAL LINGUISTIC VISUAL LOGICAL

For each Moment we only included the top two or three most likely to succeed,

So all of these intelligences might be successful at any of the 5 Moments.

Thank you for your time.

Mona Carson Michael Groccia Verla Kyer Allan Meyer Linda Ripley Lois Stanberry

References Florida Information Resource Network. Florida Information Resource Network. Multiple Intelligences and Multiple Intelligences and

TechnologyTechnology. (1995) Retrieved from . (1995) Retrieved from http://www.angelfire.com/de2/dalick/researchMI.htm#integration

http://www.xyleme.com/podcasts/archives/7

Accelerated Learning Systems Limited. Accelerated Learning Systems Limited. What Is My Learning Style?What Is My Learning Style? (2001) Retrieved from(2001) Retrieved fromwww.acceleratedlearning.com/method/test_your_style.html

The encyclopedia of Informal Education. The encyclopedia of Informal Education. Howard Gardner and Howard Gardner and multiple intelligencesmultiple intelligences (2008) Retrieved fromwww.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm

About Me (n.d.)About Me (n.d.) Retrieved from Retrieved fromhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10764862654991032319