MULTIPLE CHOICE

(1) The micro approach is significant because it allows sociologists to:

(a) focus on the flaws of human beings

(b) identify the meaning behind certain actions

(c) consider the effects people have on society

(d) identify the conflict between groups

2. All of the following men are structural functionalists EXCEPT

(A) Emile Durkheim

(B) Robert Merton

(C) George Meads

(D) Herbert Spencer

(3). Functionalism and Marxism are similar in that they are structural theories. This means that

(a) They believe that social structures are irrelevant in society

(b) They believe that society is made up of interrelated parts

(c) They believe that social institutions have power over people

(d) They believe that people shape the social structures of society

Answers:

1. The correct answer is C. The micro approach is of the view that people are the ones who shape society. While society can indeed shape people, we are not puppets.

2. The correct answer is C. George Meads is a strong proponent of symbolic interaction. He is an interactionists at heart and believes that society can only be studied by considering the meaning behind certain actions. All the other men are considered forefathers of functionalism.

3. The correct answer is B. Both the functionalists and the Marxists are of the view that society is structural or is made of different parts. The functionalists see these parts as social institutions - the marxists see these parts as the economy and other social institutions.

Unit 1 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Counter cultures are important in society because

(A) It reflects the ability of culture to change in society(B) It reveals the level of inequality in society(C) It reflects the ability of social institutions to adapt to new things(D) It illustrates the value of culture in society

2. It is often difficult for sociologists to ignore their personal values in sociological research because

(A) They are humans and humans are imperfect(B) They often have to come in contact with the subject of their research(C) Objectivity is frown upon(D) It is the best way to truly study society

3. The Marxists are of the view that the school employs WHAT to ensure conformity?

(A) Punitive measures(B) The hidden cirriculum(C) Labelling(D) None of the Above

4. The lorde family can be used as an example of 

A vertical mobilityB horizontal mobilityC intra_ generational mobilityD intergeneratinal mobility

5. Which of the following can be considered a similarity between the family based on a common law union and family based on a visiting unions?A) in both units there are stable father figuresB) the mother is more likely to be the head of the household

C) both types of units are relatively stableD) both family types are recognized as legal entities

6. For Weber, all of the following have Characterized the Interactionists perspective EXCEPT

(A) Conflict(B) Technology(C) Values and beliefs(D) Religion

7. Ethnocentrism means(a) Superiority of ones own culture(b) Inferiority of ones own culture(c) Both of these(d) None of these

8. Primogeniture refers toa) kinship networksb) a primitive societyc) inheritance given to a first born sond) the passing on of tradition from parent to child

9. Which family type is least affected by poverty?a) extended familyb) matrifocalc) nucleard) single parent

10. People make sense of their world through an understanding of everyday rules. This view is expressed bya) Marxistsb) Interactionistsc) Functionalistsd) Feminists

11. Which concept is associated with a variety of religious belief systems in a society?a, pluralismb.extremismc.syncretismd. fundamentalism

12. Social researchers are often criticized for not adhering to ethical principles in research. Which of the following is not and ethical principle?A) the right to privacyB) the consent of the participantC) the right to researchD) the publication of research findings

13. The prohibition of incest is an example of:a)valuesb)tabooc)moresd)folkways

14. a subculture can be best defined as a groupA) whose cultural traits have been assimilated into modern societyB) that has certain cultural traits which are inferior to those of the wider societyC)located within the wider society which has norms and values that differs from those of the mainstream societyD)located within the substructure of society and are therefore exploited and oppressed

15. Which of the following sociologist saw Fundamentalism as a reaction to modernization?(A) Emile Durkheim(B) Max weber(C) Steve Bruce(D) Talcott Parson

16. When conducting social research, what is the next step in the scientific method after a review of the literature?A) collecting dataB) choosing a research designC) selecting a researchable problemD) formulating a hypothesis

17. which of the following piratical issues should a sociologist consider before doing research?I. cost of research ii.time required to do research iii.the availability of the informationiv.access to information

a) i and ii onlyb) ii and iii onlyc) i,ii and iv onlyd) i,iii,iiii and iv

18. Which of the following reasons best explains academic underachievement among students from working class families?A) lower IQ levelB)poor work ethicC)home environmentD) uneducated parents

19. Meritocracy is a system in which rewards and social positions are based on A) class and gender B) ability and ethnicity C) achievement and classD) ability and achievement

20. the marxist view of education stresses thatA) society rewards individuals for hard workB) education allows the elite to dominateC) individuals require skills which allow them to meet societal goalsD) education facilitates the teaching of norms and values to young people

21. rastafarianism is charaterized as a syncretic religion because it isA) monotheistic B) practiced by all classesC) a religion that was formed exclusively in the CaribbeanD) derived from african european and east indian religious practices

22. the education system reinforces gender stereotyping. this perspective is best illustrated in which of the following statement/A)females out number males at tertiary institutionsB) females are expected to purse non technical subjectsC) males underachievement in schools because teachers are predominantly femalesD) male non academic routes to success more than females

23. doctors are of greater importance to society than janitors therefore should be placed higher on the stratification scale. this statement closely reflects the views ofA) best and levittB)davis and mooreC)marx and engelsD)young and Walcott

24. karl marx argues that religionA) promotes positive changeB) justifies poverty and oppressionC) unites the different social classesD) promotes alienation from production

25. Carl, born to a poor family in trinidad, has become an education politician at the age of 40yrs. which of the following best described his mobilitya) verticalB)relativeC)absoluteD) horizontal

26. which of the following theorists is associated with a historical perspective of social stratification in the caribbean?A) marxB) m.g. smithC) g beckfordD)s craig

27. Secularization may best be described asA)and enrichment in religious of religious beliefsB) an increase in religious practices

C) the reduction of religious influencesD)the growth in the number of religious sect

28. johns brother james is a cleaner at a local car company. john recently attained his degree at uwi and was employed as a biz manager in a prestigious org. which of the following type of social mobilty was describe?A) veritcalB)horizontalC)intragenerationalD)intergenerational

29. which of the following best describes intergenerationalA) the son of a labourer becomes a labourerB)after ten yrs of of formal edu, a skilled mechanic became a lawyerC) Rary was demoted to clerical worker after working as an admin assistance for 10 yrsD) jane became a hospital receptionist and subsequently her daughter became a med doctor

30.  Education policy in the post colonial Caribbean society aimed at giving equal access to all social groups. Which of the following terms is describedA) closedB) stratifiedC) ascribedD) meritocracy

31. which of the following features is characteristic of a sect?A) its membership rejects the belief of othersB) it does not seek to change equalityC) it limits its membership to a specific classD) membership can belong to other religious group

32. Which of the following is not a historical determinant of Caribbean family?a) Slaveryb) Indentureshipc) Industial Revolution d) Polygamy

33. which of the following theorists supports the views that religion is not a barrier to social changeA) karl marxB) Max weberC) parsons D)Durkheim

34. which of the following theoretical perspectives suggests that labeling is used to explain how teacher expectations are linked to education?A)MarxistB) subcultureC)interactionistD)functionalist

35. matrifocality among black family in the carib is a result ofi) male marginalityii) male dominance iii) african retentionsiv)polygamous unionsA) i and iiB) i and iiiC) ii and ivD) iii and iv

36. maria, who has a son from a previous relationship, has married Marcel who has two daughters. they all live in the same house hold. this family can be classified as?A) nuclearB)extendedC)matrifocalD)reconstituted

37. familes meet the needs of society to socialize children and reproduce new members. this statement most closely reflectsA) marxismB) feminismC)functionalismD)interactionalism

38. A detailed plan for Obtaining data scientifically is called a (an)A. SampleB. ExperimentC. Scientific method D. Research design

39. a meritocracy is a system which a.status is based on ethnicityb.social mobility is influenced by nepotismc.social ranking /opportunities is based upon achievementd.stratification is equal at all levels

40. which of the following are characteristics of empirical research?(I)the hypothesis is testable(II) data are interpreted and analysed(III) data are collected in a systematic way(IV)the hypothesis is confirmed or refusedA) I and IIB) I,II and IIIC) II,III and IVD) I II III and IV

41. a sociologist who decides to research the prevalence of teenage pregnancy across various generations in society is pursing?A) a case study B) and in dept study

C) a longitudinal studyD) a cross sectional study

42. which of the following theorists subscribes to the views that a shared culture is necessary if a society is to run smoothly?A) marxB) meadC) weberD)durkheim

43. which of the following is the MAIN reason for using multi-stage sample in research?A) it will allow for quick and easy analysis of dataB) a large geographical area can be covered in less timeC) important characteristics within the sample can be testedD) all sample units have an unequal chance of being selected

44. professor X has demanded that his class take part in his research. non-participants will result in failure in the course. what ethical issue was breached by prof X?A) risk of harmB) confidentialityC) informed consentD)voluntary participation

45. which of the following best describes sociology as a discipline?(A) the systematic study of human social behaviour(b)experimental designs of human interaction(C)the systematic study of individual behaviour(D) an understanding of the way things are in society

46. which of the following best describe beckford's theory of culture?a) society as a multiplicity of culturesb)c'bbean societies have a unique amalgamated culture c)the culture of the c'bbean is the same as the culture we had in slaveryd)c'bbean culture is determine by the infrastructure

47. aguste comte was a a)structural functionalistb)conflict theoristc)positivistd)symbolic interactionist 

48. Those aspects of social life that have to do with order, stability, and social organization that allow societies and groups to hold together and endure are called:A) social statics.B) social dynamics.C) social absolutes.D) constructed reality.

49. the consequence of the culture of poverty, has been advance as one of the reason for the diversity in family forms in the caribbean. the main proponent of this theory is:

a)M.G smithb)L.Braithwaite c)O.lewisd)M.herskovits

50. Sociology is a science because it A. Uses systematic methodsB. Is a social science c. Considers findings tentative until verified D. All of the above

51. weber's idea of social change was linked to:A) mechanical society and modern societyB)traditional society and rational societyC) capitalist societyD) organic solidarity and mechanic solidarity

52. On which of the following issues relating to social stratification did weber and marx differ?A Group conflict is the essence of conflict in societyB Class, status and power are related but not the sameC Economic institutions are critical in the shaping of societyD The powerful in society use their ideas and values to maintain control

53. A social condition in which values are conflicting, weak or absent is:(a) Assimilation(b) Hawthorne effect(c) Invasion(d) Anomie

54. When the researcher asks the respondent face to face question, this method is called:(a) Interview Schedule(b) Questionnaire(c) Observation(d) Interview guide(e) None of these

55.  A close connection between religion and economic forces was presented by:(a) Max Weber(b) Karl Max(c) Emile Durkheim(d) C. Wright Mill(e) None of these

56. George Murdock's concept of family may be irrelevant to a study of Caribbean society because:(a) He ignored the extended family structure(b) He ignored the social changes in society(c) The social and cultural experiences of the region have led to the diversification of

Caribbean family structures(d) The Caribbean is more so characterized by matrifocaility

57. All of the following are TRUE about the “status” of an individual EXCEPT

(A) Statues are defined by an individual’s culture(B) Statutes are always based on biological attributes(C) One’s status may differ from one society to another(D) A status can be involuntary

58. In a Secondary group, the duration of relations among the members is normally(A) Long lasting(B) Time-consuming(C) Short lived(D) Permanent

59. For Sociologists, the most important social change in human history was moving from a (A) Democratic stage to a Communist stage(B) Traditional to Industrial society(C) Medieval to modern society(D) Primitive to populated

60. For Weber, all of the following have Characterized the Interactionists perspective EXCEPT(A) Conflict(B) Technology(C) Values and beliefs(D) Religion

61. For Functionalists, culture is MOSTLY important as it(A) Keeps conflict in society(B) It serves as a conservative forces(C) It is shaped by the people of a society(D) It revolves around the material objects in an economic system

62. In contemporary society, education is both a direct and indirect tool forI. Social mobilityII. Economic reforms within a societyIII. Political changesIV. Globalization of trades and people

(A) I, II and III only(B) II, III and IV only(C) II, III and IV only(D) I, II, III and IV

63. Social Mobility involves(A) Moving from one class to another due to new reforms and achievements(B) Moving from one economic standing to another due to economic changes(C) Moving upwards to a better social standing within the same class

(D) Moving an individual from a class of luxury to a class of indecency due to political changes

64. In the Caribbean society, it is evident that(A) More whites are in the Middle Class and less prone to social mobility(B) More blacks are in the lower class and less prone to social mobility(C) More Indians are poor and less prone to social mobility(D) More blacks are in the Middle class and are prone to social mobility

65. All of the following can be an aid in stratifying Caribbean people EXCEPT(A) Education(B) Religion(C) Globalization(D) Wealth

66. Cultural plurality is sometimes harmful as it can leadI. To tension within a societyII. To confusion due to numerous clashing culturesIII. To the lost of existing cultural values

(A) I and II only(B) II only(C) I and III only(D) I, II and III

67. Functionalism may be ideal for an effective study of the Caribbean becauseI. The region is highly dependent on its social institutions to maintain order and solidarityII. Gradual social changes within the region were brought about by external factorsIII. Caribbean people are shaped by the cultures of the regionIV. There is often times a high level of disunity among ethnic groups in the region

(A) I and III only(B) I, II and III only(C) III and IV only(D) II, III and IV only

68.  Mill’s Sociological Imagination is important to studies of society as it(A) Gives an insight on the behaviour of human beings(B) Gives an historical and anthropological study of social reactions(C) It gives a better understanding of the individual and their surroundings(D) It provides a framework on which other researchers are created

69. Carl Stone’s study of Caribbean society has revealed similar findings that of(A) Errol Miller(B) Dereck Gordon(C) Edith Clarke(D) Rex Nettleford

70. Examples of qualitative methods of social investigation includes:A) structured interviewsB) overt and covert participationC) focused group case studiesD) all the above

71. Which of the following sociologist/feminist concluded that Poverty led to the rise of the matrifocal family?A ParsonB HerskovitsC Nancy GonzalezD Durkheim

72. Which feminist put forward the view a baby strike is the way for woman to gain equality A Sue SharpB Margret BenstonC Laura PurdyD Nancy Gonzalez

73. race and colour are examples of A ascribed statusB achieved statusC classless societyD open stratification

74. Which of the following BEST describes sociology as a discipline?A The systematic study of human social behaviourB Experimental designs of human interactionC the systematic study of individual behaviour D An understanding of the way things are in society

75. Which of the following are the characteristics of empirical research?I. The hypothesis is testableII.Data are interpreted and analysedIII. Data are collected in a systematic wayIV. The hypothesis is confirmed or refutedA I and II onlyB I,II and II onlyC II,III and IV onlyD I,II,III and IV

76. Which of the following theorists subscribes to the view that a shared culture is necessary if a society is to run smoothly?A MarxB MeadC WeberD Durkheim

77. A sociologist who decides to research the prevalence of teenage pregnancy across

various generations in a society is pursuingA Case StudyB An In-depth studyA longitudinal studyD A cross-sectional study

78. Which of the following terms describes the process where the dominant culture is imposed on the subordinate culture?A AssimilationB AcculturationC EnculturationD Counter culture

79. A MAJOR difference between the positivists and interpretivists is that positivistsA use case studies while interpretivists use experimentsB are micro-theorists while interpretivists are macro-theoristsC use quantitative research methods while interpretivists use qualitative research methodD study human behaviour using qualitative methods while interpretivists use quantitative methods

80. Which of the following thinkers are associated with the development of sociology in the Caribbean?I M G Smith II Susan craigIII Anthong GiddensIV Rhoda Reddock

A I and II onlyB II and II onlyC I,II and Iv onlyD I,II,III and IV only

81. A group of students is researching the prevalence of drug abuse in a community. Which sampling method may be BEST for this study?A QuotaB RandomC SnowballD Stratified

82. According to Durkheim, a 'social fact' isA external to the individualB obvious in all institutions in societyC functional for social order and role allocationD necessary to maintain societal integration

83. Which of the following practical issues should a sociologist consider before doing research?I Cost of research

II Access to informationIII Time required to do researchIV The availability of the information

A I and III onlyB III and IV onlyC I.II.IIID I,II,III and IV

84. When a research method is repeatedly applied and consistently produces the same results in a study, it is said to beA validB reliableC relevantD standardized

85. Which of the following terms describes the process where the dominant culture is imposed on the subordinate culture?A AssimilationB AcculturationC EnculturationD Counter culture

86. A sociologist who decides to research the prevalence of teenage pregnancy across various generations in a society is pursuingA Case StudyB An In-depth studyA longitudinal studyD A cross-sectional study

87. Which of the following theorists subscribes to the view that a shared culture is necessary if a society is to run smoothly?A MarxB MeadC WeberD Durkheim

88. Which of the following are the characteristics of empirical research?I. The hypothesis is testableII.Data are interpreted and analysedIII. Data are collected in a systematic wayIV. The hypothesis is confirmed or refusedA I and II onlyB I,II and II onlyC II,III and IV onlyD I,II,III and IV

89. The gender Role refers toA) the biological fact that we are male and female

B) the role that is given to us by a teacherC) the role that is given to us in playD) expectations regarding the proper behaviours, attitudes and activities of males and females in society

90. Ethnocentrism means:(a) Cultural domination of an ethnic group(b) Ethnicity taken as the unit of analysis in Scientific explorations.(c) Feeling of superiority of ones own group over others.(d) The policy of political participation on ethnic grounds.(e) None of these.

91. A system in which one husband is married to many women is called;(a) Monogamy(b) Polygamy(c) Polyandry(d) Polygyny

92. An ascribed status is one that is;(a) Awarded by society(b) Gained from talent(c) Endowed at birth(d) Based on competition

93. Feral man means:(a) A socialized individual(b) Individual supposedly reared apart from human society and hence imperfectly socialized.(c) An individual rears in a cultural society(d) None of these

94. When cultural traits spread from one society to another,the process is called?(a) Assimilation(b) Diffusion(c) Pluralism(d) Evolution

95. Contemporary sociology includes:A) evolutionary relativism.B) liberal feminism and explicit examination of women's social roles and experiences.C) postmodernism, feminism, and critical theory.D) a combination of biological theory, conflict theory, and evolutionary theory.

96. Which of the following sociologist view the family as an ideological conditioning deviceA ParsonB Karl MarxC WeberD David Cooper

97. Durkheim discusses the evolution of society by distinguishing A) the levels of rationality

B) the levels of authorityC) mechanical and organic solidarityD) the bourgeoisie and proletariat

98. the functional prerequisites are A) adaptation, goal attainment, integration, latency or pattern maintenance B) adoptation, gender neutrality, infusion, latencyC) associative, globalization, integrative laxitiveD) alliance, geographic aura, interracial, living

99. which of the following processes represent edward kamau brathwaite's (1971) view of creolization?A endogamy and exogamyB acculturation and interculturationC globalization and transmissionD assimilation and diffusion

100. looking glass self theory is associated with:A)talcott parsonB)george herbert meadC)sigmund fruedD) charles cooley

101. the quality of the primary group relationship can be described as followsA) impersonal, intimate and long lastingB) personal, intimate, face to face interactionsC) goal oriented, temporary, narrowD) permanent, committed, narrow

102. which of the following argue that social order is maintain through consensus and solidarityA)meadB)bowles and gintisc)durkheimd)becker

103. Whose theories suggest that unequal rewards are the product of consensus?a Davis and mooreb Karl Marxc Emile Durkeimd Bowles and gintis

104. Constructed reality is:A) the ability to control the behavior of others.B) the principle that meaning derives from social interaction in daily life.C) the observed consequences that permit the adaptation or adjustment of a system.D) an artificial explanation of culture that exists apart from any social reality or shared social meaning.

105. name one type of probability samplinga. quotab. snowballingc. multistaged. non-representative

106. Which of the following was supported by Durkheim's study of suicide?A) Catholics had higher rates of suicide than Protestants.B) Rates of suicide were higher in times of war than in times of peace.C) Rates of suicide were lower in times of recession than in times of economic stability.D) Individuals who were enmeshed in meaningful social bonds were less inclined to commit suicide.

107. One purpose of education is to help students acquire the skills they need to be successful in society. This is an example of a(n):A) constructed reality.B) latent function.C) manifest function.D) entrenched function.

108. Which theoretical perspective provides the strongest framework for analyzing a student protest against a university's decision to cancel its policy of exempting graduating seniors from final exams?A) Interactionist, because the university and the students didn't share the same understanding about final exams.B) Functionalist, because teaching college students to protest is a manifest function of education.C) Functionalist, because exams serve a social function.D) Conflict, because this is an example of a power struggle between two groups with conflicting ideas and interests.

109. What major contribution did W.E.B. DuBois make to sociology?A) He developed a theoretical understanding of racial inequality.B) He conducted research on the upper classes of Philadelphia.C) He chaired the first Department of Sociology at the University of Chicago.D) none of the above

110. Which of the following is not a reaction to culture shock?a.rejectionb.total adoptionc.regressiond.home becomes very important

111. Phenomenology as one of the micro sociological perspectives focuses on which of the following:a.how meanings are createdb.the lack of meaning of phenomenac.specificationsd.importance of the imagined experience

112. The consequences of the culture of poverty, has been advanced as one of the reasons for the diversity in family forms in the Caribbean. The main proponent of this thesis is:a) MG Smithb) L Braithwaitec)O Lewisd) M Herskovits

113. Aguste Comte was a:a)Structural Functionalistb) Conflict Theoristc) Positivistd) Symbolic Interactionalist

114. The reasons that have been put forward for the diversity in family form and the prevalence of matrifocality or female headed household in the caribbean are:a.African retention,concubinage,reproductionb.African retention,legacy of slavery,the culture of povertyc.African retention,status of women,the culture of povertyd.African retention,legacy of slavery,discrimination against women

115. The major criticism of the functionalist Davis and Moore on their theories of stratification is a Melville Tuminb Karl Marx c Bowles and Gintis d Talcott Parson

116. Caribbean Society is least Stratified upon the basis of a. colourb. genderc.race d.power

117. For Functionalists, culture is MOSTLY important as it(A) Keeps conflict in society(B) It serves as a conservative forces(C) It is shaped by the people of a society(D) It revolves around the material objects in an economic system

118. Both the functionalist and Marxist would agree that a .stratification is necessary in societyb. stratification pushes inequalityc.stratification is universal and dynamic d.stratification enforced shared social values

119. All of the following are ascribed systems of stratification except a.caste systemb.the apartheidc. the class systemd. the feudal system

120. The most common indicator of social class is a. raceb. occupationc. educationd.skills

Sociology:

A)has been used to study social interaction for over 500 years.

B)is the scientific study of social interaction and organization.

C)has little bearing on public policy.

D)is most useful when applied to abstract - as opposed to practical - matters.

2Who coined the term "sociology" and is generally considered to be the "founder" of sociology?

A)Karl Marx

B)Auguste Comte

C)Max Weber

D)Emile Durkheim

3The application of evolutionary notions and the concept of the "survival of the fittest" to society is called:

A)class conflict.

B)dialectical materialism.

C)social dynamics.

D)social Darwinism.

4Those aspects of social life that have to do with order, stability, and social organization that allow societies and groups to hold together and endure are called:

A)social statics.

B)social dynamics.

C)social absolutes.

constructed reality.

D)

5Who wrote the first book on the methodology of social research, How to Observe Manners and Morals?

A)Herbert Spencer

B)Emily Post

C)Harriet Martineau

D)Emile Durkheim

6Weber's view that sociologists must not allow their personal biases to affect the conduct of their research is called:

A)verstehen.

B)dialectical materialism.

C)social facts.

D)value-free sociology.

7Which of the following was supported by Durkheim's study of suicide?

A)Catholics had higher rates of suicide than Protestants.

B)Rates of suicide were higher in times of war than in times of peace.

C)Rates of suicide were lower in times of recession than in times of economic stability.

D)

Individuals who were enmeshed in meaningful social bonds were less inclined to commit suicide.

8What major contribution did W.E.B. DuBois make to sociology?

A)He developed a theoretical understanding of racial inequality.

B)He conducted research on the upper classes of Philadelphia.

C)He chaired the first Department of Sociology at the University of Chicago.

D)none of the above

9Contemporary sociology includes:

A)evolutionary relativism.

B)liberal feminism and explicit examination of women's social roles and experiences.

C)postmodernism, feminism, and critical theory.

D)a combination of biological theory, conflict theory, and evolutionary theory.

10Students at Bailey University staged a sit-in to protest the University's decision to cancel its longstanding policy of exempting graduating seniors from final exams. Which theoretical perspective provides the strongest framework for analyzing this situation?

A)

Interactionist, because the University and the students didn't share the same understanding about final exams.

B)

Conflict, because this is an example of a power struggle between two groups with conflicting ideas and interests.

C)

Functionalist, because teaching college students to protest is a manifest function of education.

D)none of the above

11One purpose of education is to help students acquire the skills they need to be successful in society. This is an example of a(n):

A)constructed reality.

B)latent function.

C)manifest function.

D)entrenched function.

12Constructed reality is:

A)the ability to control the behavior of others.

B)the principle that meaning derives from social interaction in daily life.

C)the observed consequences that permit the adaptation or adjustment of a system.

D)

an artificial explanation of culture that exists apart from any social reality or shared social meaning.

13In the library, Louanne observes a woman sitting at a table by herself. A man comes up and sits at the other end of the table. The woman frowns and shakes her head "no." The man gets up and moves to another table. Louanne concludes that the woman did not want to share a study table. The theoretical perspective Louanne is using is:

A)the conflict perspective.

B)the functionalist perspective.

C)the interactionist perspective.

D)none of the above.

14In her research on nannies, Wrigley:

A)

was easily able to tap into the social world of nannies and their relationships with their employers.

B)used field methods of intensive interviewing and participant observation.

C)found nannies eager to talk to her, even to be tape recorded.

D)was unable to speak with employers because of their busy schedules.

15In an experiment, two groups are identical except for the change that researchers introduce into one group. That group is called:

A)the contaminated group.

B)the control group.

C)the experimental group.

the neutral standard.

D)

16When conducting social research, what is the next step in the scientific method after a review of the literature?

A)collecting data

B)choosing a research design

C)selecting a researchable problem

D)formulating a hypothesis

17Observation:

A)

is one of the easiest tools for sociological inquiry because it requires only good note taking.

B)is not subject to the same controls that are applied to other methods.

C)requires the involvement of the researcher in the activity being studied.

D)may be unobtrusive or participant.

18Sociologists:

A)

are exempt from the considerations of research ethics that govern biological researchers.

B)have not been able to agree on a code of ethics.

C)enjoy the same privileges as attorneys in protecting subjects' privacy.

D)

should obtain informed consent in cases where subjects may be exposed to risks of research that are greater than the risks of everyday life.

19The authors explain that feminist research methodology:

A)is an approach to research which emphasizes inclusion, fairness, and humaneness.

B)places its main emphasis on concrete theories.

stresses that all human emotions are to be ignored.

C)

D)all of the above

20Which of the following research methods uses existing records?

A)survey research

B)questionnaire research

C)archival research

D)observational research