Multidrone Conference Thessaloniki, Greece 30 August...

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Challenges & Opportunities

Peter van [email protected]

[email protected]

Multidrone Conference

Thessaloniki, Greece

30 August 2018

© UVS International

Civil Drone Operations (Current & Future)

30 August 2018

What is UVS International

International non-profit association registered in The NetherlandsOperates out of offices in Paris, France

Founded in 1998Board of Directors = Representatives from 24 Countries

FEDERATES t 24 national RPAS associations in 21 countries

REPRESENTS t 4700 companies & organizations from 35 countries on all continents

t RPAS Operators t RPAS Manufacturers t Service Suppliers

INVOLVEMENT Long-standing (since 2000) advocacy for the creation of RPAS-related rules

& regulations + standards at:

t European level Participant in ALL EC RPAS initiatives

INITIATOR of & Participant in former EUROCAE WG73

INITIATOR of & Participant in former EUROCAE WG93

t International level Participant in former ICAO UAS Study Group

Participant in current ICAO RPAS Panel

Strong international promoter of JARUS

Page: 2/25© UVS International30 August 2018

International RPAS Coordination CouncilRepresentatives of National Associations


UVS International Is Member Of

t ICAO RPAS Panel

t ICAO Space Learning Group

t EC RPAS Roadmap Implementation Coordination Group

t EC U-Space Working Group

t JARUS Industry Stakeholder Consultation Body (ICB)

t EASA General Aviation Sectorial Committee

t EASA RMT.023 RPAS Expert Group

t EC Expert Group on Drones

t European UAS Standards Coordination Group

© UVS International Page: 5/2530 August 2018

International RPAS Coordination Council

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Italy ASSORPAS 58

24 National Associations – 21 CountriesRepresenting 4735 Companies

Australia ACUO 1000

Austria AAI-UAS-WG 34

Belgium BeUAS 175

Canada Unmanned Systems 186

Finland RPAS Finland 17

France FPDC 275

Germany UAV-DACH 170

Latvia LARPAS 30

Netherlands DARPAS 64

Norway UAS Norway 810

Switzerland SFCD 190

United Kingdom ARPAS 620

Italy FIAPR 94

Japan JUIDA 370

Romania UVS Romania 10

South Africa + CUAASA 110

Namibia + Botswana

Portugal APANT 30Czech Rep. UAVA 40

Poland SBSL 50

Italy SAPRITALIA 78

Belgium EUKA 234

Germany CURPAS 55

China Shenzhen UAVIA 35

30 August 2018

Austria R

Belgium R

Cyprus R

Czech Rep. R

Denmark R

Finland R

France R

Germany R

Ireland R

Italy R

Netherlands R

Norway R

Poland R

Spain R

Sweden R

Switzerland U

UK R

Bulgaria R

Croatia R

Estonia R

Greece R

Latvia R

Lithuania R

Luxembourg R

Malta U

Portugal R

Romania R

Slovak Rep. R

Slovenia R

Hungary U

European Union + Norway & Switzerland

Regulatory Status – Europe

Countries with National RPAS Rules U or Regulation R

U Rules: Permits-to-Fly are granted by National Aviation Authority (NAA), based on specific national rules, &possibly on a case-to-case exemption basis (also in countries where no national regulation exists).


National Civil Drone Council

30 August 2018

Austria 198Belgium 200 EST

Cyprus 2Czech Rep. 24Denmark 575

Finland 33France 4000

Germany 750 EST

Ireland 30Italy 965

Netherlands 498

Norway 550Poland 2000

Spain 3040Sweden 224Switzerland 5UK 2450

Bulgaria 20 EST

Croatia 30 EST

Estonia 20 EST

Greece 30 EST

Latvia 20 EST

Lithuania 20 EST

Luxembourg 20 EST

Malta 20 EST

Portugal 40 EST

Romania 20 EST

Slovak Rep. 10 EST

Slovenia 20 EST

Hungary ?

Certificated: Any form of recognition that a product, part or appliance, organisation or person complies with theapplicable requirements, including the provisions of a regulation and its implementing rules, as wellas the issuance of the relevant certificate attesting such compliance (EASA Basic Reg. Art. 3).

Operator: Person, organisation or enterprise engaged in or offering to engage in an RPAS operation (ICAO).

14 814 Certificated RPAS Operators

European Union + Norway & Switzerland

Regulatory Status – Europe


EU (28) + Norway & Switzerland

ICAO Members 30 / 30

JARUS Members 26 / 30

National RPAS Associations 21

RPAS Regulation In Place 27 / 30

Regulation Updates Coming 06 / 30

RPAS Rules in Place 03 / 30

Quantity: Certificated Operators 14 814

Rules: Permits-to-Fly are granted by National Aviation Authority (NAA), based on specific national rules,and possibly on a case-to-case exemption basis (also in countries where no national regulation exists).Certificated: Any form of recognition that a product, part or appliance, organisation or person complieswith the applicable requirements, including the provisions of a regulation and its implementing rules, aswell as the issuance of the relevant certificate attesting such compliance (EASA Basic Reg. Art. 3).(The term “Certificated” is used because there is no internationally agreed understanding of the meaningof the terms “Authorized” & “Approved”)

Federated by UVS International

RPAS Regulatory Status – Europe

+ EASA & Eurocontrol

+ EASA & Eurocontrol

Most Current OperationsAre In VLOS


Harmonized Regulations – Europe

The many different national laws for drones fragment the EU marketand put high demands on pilots and operators (mutual recognition oflicenses & certificates).

The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has developed auniform regime for drones (Operation-centric & Not based on MaximumTake-off Mass) with its Notice for Proposed Amendment (NPA) 2017-5(A & B) u & subsequent “Opinion” u .

EP approval was given in June 2018 & EU adoption of the newregulation is planned for mid 2019 with rapid national implementationto follow (6 months/2 years).


u : Document available at: https://rpas-regulations.com/community-info/

30 August 2018


The EASA Approach

Risk-/Operation-centric The nature of the risk is inherent to the operation & must bespecifically addressed.

ProportionateMitigation measures + implementation costs & resourcesmust be proportionate to the risk they address.

Performance-basedRules need to be technology transparent & should notmandate a solution.



3 Operational CategoriesOpen: Leisure operations & simple commercial applications (UA: <25 kg).

In visual line of site (VLOS) & below 120 m above ground level (AGL).Product safety standards apply (C€ marking).3 categories of use: A1 (over people)

A2 (close to people)A3 (far away from people)

5 drone classes: C0 - C4No prior authorisation by competent authority requiredNo declaration by operator to be submitted

Specific: Complex operations with pre-defined “standard” scenarios [incl.beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) below 120 m AGL] based on SpecificOperation Risk Assessment (SORA) – Declaration by operator, oroperator must hold a Light UAS Operator Certificate (LUC).Otherwise, authorisation by the competent authority required.

Certified: For high risk operations (BVLOS & above 120 m AGL) – Certification ofUA & operator & licensing of flight crew required (similar to currentmanned aviation requirements).


Sub-Cat UAS Class

Maximum Take-Off Mass

Maximum Altitude Main Technical Capacities Electronic-ID,Geo-fencing

A1 Above

Persons

C0 250 gr

Limited to 120 m AGL Comply with directive on safety of toys

Follow-me mode: <50 m / pilotDirective on safety of toysAwareness leafletMax. speed: 19 m/s

C1

< 900 gr and max. speed 18 m/s, or kinetic energy < 80 Joules

Limited to 120 m AGL

Follow-me mode: <50 m / pilotLost link managementSelectable flight altitude limitBattery status LightsAwareness leafletSound below 60 decibelsMax. speed: 19 m/s

E-identificationGeo-awareness

A2 Close to

Persons C2 < 4 kgLimited to 120 m AGL

C2 link protectionLost link managementSelectable flight altitude limitBattery status LightsAwareness leafletSound below 60 decibels


A3Far away

fromPersons

C3 < 25 kg Limited to 120 m AGLC2 link protectionLost link managementBattery status LightsAwareness leaflet


C4 < 25 kgDesigned/produced to fly safelyNo automatic flight modesAwareness leaflet

EASA Open Category = 5 Drone Classes



E-Identificat.:- Operators

registrationnumber

- UA serial number

- UA geoposition

- UA altitude- Geo take-off

point- Timestamp

Label with Class designation must be on UA30 August 2018



Recently Published Documents

May 2017 EASA - NPA 1705-05 (A & B)Operation of Drones in the “Open” & “Specific” Categories

June 2017 EUROCONTROLRPAS ATM CONOPS (Concept of Operations)

Nov. 2018 Helsinki Declaration

Feb. 2018 EASA - Opinion No 01/2018Introduction of a Regulatory Framework for the Operation of UAS in the “Open” & “Specific” Categories

Feb. 2018 SESAR Joint Undertaking - European ATM Master Plan: Roadmap for the Safe Integration of Drones into all Classes of Airspace

Documents available at: https://rpas-regulations.com/community-info/

30 August 2018

Survey on Civil Drone Operations

© UVS International Page: 15/25

Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish - Operation-Centric

Target Current & Future Professional Drone Operators in All CountriesOperator A company or organisation (gvmt or non-gvmt) conducting or planning to conduct

commercial or non-commercial flight operations with drones.Categories Corporate (Operator, Manufacturer/Operator; Flight School; Commercial

Research Organisation) Non-Corporate (Governmental Non-Military Entity; NGO; Non-Commercial

Research Organisation, University)Purpose = Define, classify, identify & place in order of importance

Current operations in compliance with applicable national rules or regulations - Market sectors- Flight mission purposes - VLOS & E-VLOS & BLOS - (below 120 m AGL)

Operations in the short term (1-2 years) - Market sectors- Flight mission purposes – VLOS & BLOS - (below 120 m AGL)

Operations in the medium term (2-5 years)- Market sectors - Flight mission purposes – VLOS & BLOS - (below & above 120 m AGL)

See: https://rps-info.com/surveys/

LOS = Line of sight

VLOS = Visual LOS

E-VLOS = Extended VLOS

BLOS = Beyond LOS

30 August 2018

M

U

T

U

A

L

I

Z

A

T

I

O

N

Not State Flights Civil ProtectionIncl. Safety related Fire Fighters

National Mapping Agencies

State Flights CustomsSecurity related Police

Border GuardsCoast Guard

Military uGovernmental

Non-Governmental

Non-Military

General Aviation Corporate OperationsFlight Training / InstructionPleasure (private non-commercial)

Commercial Air Transport Scheduled Air Service(Transport of Persons & Freight) Non-scheduled Revenue Operations u

Non-revenue Operations

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

CommercialNon-Commercial

(incl. Corporate Operations)Training / InstructionOther Miscellaneous

Aerial Work

u

u

u

u

N

O

N

M

I

L

I

T

A

R

Y

O

P

S

Model Aircraft u

Leisure Recreational Drones u

Flying Toys u

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VLOSE-VLOSBLOSRLOSB-RLOS

VLOSE-VLOS

BLOSRLOS

B-RLOS

BLOSRLOS

B-RLOS

VLOS

VLOS = Visual Line-of-SightE-VLOS = Extended VLOSBLOS = Beyond Line-of-SightRLOS = Radio Line-of-SightB-RLOS = Beyond RLOS



Professional RPAS Usage

Current Operations: u30 August 2018

- Duo (student instruction by licensed pilot)- Solo (unaided student flight)- Check (qualification verification of pilotlicense holder)

Flight Training / Instruction (Private & Commercial)

Other Miscellaneous (Private & Commercial) - Test / Experimental- Demonstration- Ferry / Positioning- Air Show / Race

Commercial & Non-Commercial (Including Corporate Operations)1

2

3

Transport (Commercial & Non-Commercial)

Aerial Work

Freight: - Internal Loads- External Loads

Persons

An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized (flight) services such as agriculture,construction, photography, surveying, observation, patrol, search & rescue, aerial advertisement, etc.

(Chicago Convention, Annex 6 Part 1, Chapter 1.H9)

Professional RPAS Operations

See “Community Info” on www.rpas-regulations.com for additional information on aerial work

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© UVS International30 August 2018


Participation Status


CORPORATE

Drone Manufacturer & Operator 16 %Drone Operator 53 %Flight School 11 %Commercial Research Organisation 9,5 %

NON-CORPORATEGovernmental - Drone Operator 2,5 %Governmental – Non-Comm. Research Organisation 2,5 %Academia / University - Research & Educational 5,5 %Total 100 %

Survey Contributors: 1004Market Sector Forms Received 10 134 Flight Mission Purpose Forms Received 9 481

30 August 2018

Inputs Received from

1004 Operators in 66 Countries & 3 French Overseas Territories



67 Contributing Countries & 3 Overseas Territories

Argentina Australia Austria Bangladesh BelgiumBosnia & Herze. Botswana Brazil Bulgaria CanadaCentral African Rep. Chile China Colombia CroatiaCzech Rep. Denmark Ecuador Estonia FranceFR – Guadeloupe FR - New Caledonia FR - La Réunion Germany GhanaGreece Hong Kong Hungary Iceland IndiaIndonesia Ireland Israel Italy JapanKenya Kuwait Latvia Madagascar MalawiMalaysia Mexico Mozambique Netherlands New ZealandNicaragua Nigeria Norway Peru PolandPortugal Qatar Romania Russian Fed. SenegalSingapore South Africa Spain Sweden SwitzerlandTanzania Thailand Turkey Uganda UkraineUK USA Uruguay Venezuela Zambia



Aerial Photos, Audio-Visual, Advertising

Construction & Real Estate

Maintenance

Research & Scientific

Agriculture, Fishery, Forestry

Environmental (Protection / Conservation)

Flight Training/Instruction

Remote Operations - Sensing

Utility Companies (Public & Private)

Cinema & TV Industry

Miscellaneous – Demonstration

Heritage & Historical Monument Management

Mining & Exploration


Market Sectors

(In decreasing order of importance)


See https://rps-info.com/surveys for explanations (including in German)

Public SafetyFlight operations conducted by or for civilprotection/defence, emergency services, firebrigades & firefighting services, public services,rescue services and utility companies, relative tosafety of the general public.Entertainment & Artistic ExpressionNews Gathering & BroadcastingInsurance (Claim Investigations)Public Security & Law Enforcement Flight operations conducted by or for municipal,regional or state police, border guards, coastguard, custom authorities, harbour authorities.Humanitarian Relief (incl. NGOs)Policy Compliance & Legal ProofRemote Operations – Non-SensingMiscellaneous – Air Show/RacingTransportMiscellaneous – Ferry/Positioning

30 August 2018

Aerial Work - Applications

Flight Mission Purposes

(In decreasing order of importance)


See https://rps-info.com/surveys for explanations (including in German)

Aerial Photos & Film/Video Footage

Mapping Inspection Measuring Surveying Monitoring Testing Localization Observation

Dispensing Aerial Acrobatics &

Special Effects Spraying Manipulation Deterring Transport - Goods Sky PaintingWater Bombing Sky Writing Transport - Persons

Sensing Identification Surveillance Search & Rescue Validation Patrolling Spotting Tracking Exploration Advertising Special Purpose Relief Flight

30 August 2018

What Is Urgently Required

- EU « Product Safety » Rules - (Recreational & lower end prof. RPAS)- Detect & Avoid (D&A)- Geo-Awareness- RPA E-Identification- RPA Registration (unique serial number)- Design & Production Standards (incl. software) - Flight School Qualification- Remote Pilot Training & Qualification- RPAS Operator Qualification- Safety Rules for Test Ranges- Data Protection & Privacy Rules

Regulatory

Societal

Product Safety &Standards

- Flight Operation Rules - Definition of U-Space Concept Elements- U-Space & ATM/ATC Integration- Definition Standard Specific Scenarios & EASA-approved SORA

R & D- D&A, Geo-Awareness, Identification - Drone Registration- U-Space Building Block Validation

- Harmonized Data Protection & Privacy Rules- Public Awareness Creation & Continuation of- Terminology Harmonization

Capability Demonstrations - D&A, Geo-Awareness, Identification - Drone Registration- U-Space Building Blocks

TechnologyCapability Demos &R&D Identification

RPA (<25 kg) - VLL (<120 m AGL) & BVLOS Operations


Efforts Required

Regulatory

TechnologyCap. Demos &

R&D Identification

Drones

Pilots

Operators

Societal

U-Space / ATM

Safety-related Security-related

U-Space / UTM / ATM-related

We Are on the Right Path

Significant Airspace Challenges & Efforts RequiredU-Space Demonstrator Network

We Are on the Right Path

Standards & Product Safety

Significant Efforts & Coordinated Action & Shorter Timelines & Adapted Work Methodology URGENTLY Required

Data Protection & Privacy

General Public Acceptance

We Are on the Right Path, but ……Awareness Creation Efforts Required RPAS Community Responsibility &Coordinated EU Effort Required

Significant National Harmonisation Efforts Required in EU

Significant Efforts Required

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Standard Scenarios Significant Efforts URGENTLY Required


Insurance We Are on the Right Path

EU on the Right Path:- 10 funded demos ongoing- 10 additional coming 2018- Urban Air Mobility Initiative

Awareness

RPA (<25 kg) - VLL (<120 m AGL) & BVLOS Operations

30 August 2018

UVS INTERNATIONAL86 rue Michel Ange

FR-75016 ParisFrance

Tel.: +33-1-46.51.88.65Fax: +33-1-46.51.05.22

www.uvs-international.orgwww.rpas-regulations.com

www.rps-info.comwww/rpas-conference.com

www.rpas-civops.com

Survey Portal: https://rps-info.com/surveys


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