Mulching in horticulture amit and dinesh bbau lucknow
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BABASAHEB BHIMRAO AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED PLANT SCIENCE PRESENTATION ON – MULCHING IN VEGETABLE CROPS SUBMITTED BY- DINESH KUMAR VERMA MSc(Ag)Horticultu re DAPS
description
it is fully information organic and inorganic mulch foreword by mr dinesh verma and amit choudhary
Transcript of Mulching in horticulture amit and dinesh bbau lucknow
BABASAHEB BHIMRAO AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF APPLIED PLANT SCIENCE
PRESENTATION ON – MULCHING IN VEGETABLE CROPS
SUBMITTED BY-DINESH KUMAR VERMA
MSc(Ag)Horticulture DAPS
S.No. CONTENTS1. Mulching
2. Benefits
3. Types of mulching
4. Inorganic mulches over organic mulches
5. Kinds of organic mulches
6. Thickness of inorganic mulching
7. Degradable mulches
8. Thickness of plastic film
9. Laying of mulch films
10. Irrigation
11. Removal & disposal
12. Response of plastic mulch on the yield of vegetable crops
13. Demerits of mulching
Mulching is the process of covering soil around plant root area with a view
to insulate the plant & its roots from the effects of extreme temperature
fluctuations.
BENEFITS Conserves soil moisture Moderates soil temperature Controls weed growth Reduces soil compaction Reduces soil erosion Preventing leaching of fertilizers Reduces incidence of soil-borne diseases Reduces fruit rot by eliminating contact b/w fruit
& soil Reduces winter injury Provides conducive environment for plant growth
TYPES OF MULCHING1. ORGANIC MULCHES
The organic materials such as crop residues & by-products from farm manure & by-products of timber industry, when used for mulching.
Examples- dry leaf, paddy straw, saw dust, dry coconut husk, dry water hyacinth, etc.
2. INORGANIC MULCHES
The inorganic mulches such as plastic films, when used for mulching are k/as inorganic mulches.
Examples- plastic film, metal foil, sand, stone, gravel, etc.
The organic mulches, though beneficial, were found to have inherent weaknesses & not
easily available in large quantities. The plastic films, however, are easily available,
easy to handle, transport & lay
INORGANIC MULCHES OVER ORGANIC MULCHES
KINDS OF ORGANIC MULCH1. Dry leaf mulch2. Paddy straw mulch3. Paddy husk mulch4. Jowar trash5. Saw dust6. Dry grass7. Dry sugarcane leaves8. Dry coconut leaves9. Dry coconut husk10. Paper mulch
ORGANIC MULCHES
ORGANIC MULCH
MATERIAL
THICKNESS OF MULCHING
COMPOST 3-4 INCHES
GREEN LEAVES 3-4 INCHES
DRY LEAVES 6 INCHES
GRASS CLIPINGS 2-3 INCHES
BARK 2-4 INCHES
WOOD CHIPS 2-4 INCHES
NEWSPAPER ¼ INCH
ONION/GARLIC SCALE 2-3 INCHES
TYPES OF INORGANIC MULCH
1. BLACK MULCH
Doesn’t allow sunlight to pass, hence arrests the weed growthConserves moisture
Allows sunlight to pass & weeds grow, however, by using herbicide coating on inner side, weed growth can be checked.Soil solarization for soil disinfection
2. CLEAR & TRANSPARENT MULCH
3. TWO SIDE COLOR MULCHESAlso k/as wavelength selective/photo selective filmsDesigned to absorb specific wavelength of sun’s radiation which changes the spectrum of sunlight passing through film or being reflected back into the plant canopy.Had marked effect on plant growth & developmentWarming of soil temp, blocking weed growthIncreases color saturation of developing fruit & increases carbohydrate transport to developing fruit.Available colors- i. yellow/black
ii. White/black iii. Silver/black iv. Red/black
4. DEGRADABLE MULCHES
PHOTO-DEGRADABLE MULCH
Gets disintegrated under sunlight over designated mulching period.
BIO-DEGRADABLE MULCHES
gets disintegrated under natural environmental condition & gets mixed in soil after mulching period.
DEGRADABLE MULCH
THICKNESS OF PLASTIC FILMIt depends on the type & age of crops.
THICKNESSTHICKNESS CROP CROP RECOMMENDRECOMMENDEDED
77 GroundnutGroundnut
20-2520-25 Annual- short Annual- short duration cropduration crop
40-5040-50 Biennial- mid Biennial- mid duration cropduration crop
50-10050-100 Perineal- long Perineal- long duration cropduration crop
LAYING OF MULCH FILMS
Tractor mounted
mulch laying machines have been
developed & are in use.
LAYING OF PLASTIC MULH IN VEGETABLE CROPS
IRRIGATIONBest way of irrigating mulched crop
is DRIP IRRIGATION.In flood irrigation, channels are
made along the un-mulched area & irrigation is carried out.
Sprinkler irrigation also possible.
REMOVAL & DISPOSALNon-degradable mulch films should be disposed off properly so as to avoid any
plastic pollution problems.
RESPONSE OF PLASTIC MULCH ON THE YIELD OF VEGETABLE CROPS
S.N.. CROP THICKNESS OF MULCH (micron)
INCREASE IN YIELD (%)
1.1. CHILLICHILLI 2525 50-6050-602.2. POTATOPOTATO 2525 35-4035-403.3. CAULIFLOWERCAULIFLOWER 2525 40-5040-50
4.4. TOMATOTOMATO 2525 45-5045-505.5. CAPSICUMCAPSICUM 2525 35-4535-456.6. OKRAOKRA 2525 50-6050-607.7. BRINJALBRINJAL 2525 30-3530-35
• warm moist condition favours spread of diseases/pests.•Use of polythene mulch creates wet anaerobic condition that lead to root die back.•Low growing plants are suppressed.•Dry mulches sometimes invites fire hazard.•May carry seeds of pernicious weeds which may spread with mulch.
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