Muhammad IqbalFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaFor other people named Muhammad Iqbal, see Muhammad Iqbal (disambiguation).

Sir Muhammad Iqbal

اقبال محمد

Born 9 November 1877

Sialkot, Punjab, British India

(now in Punjab, Pakistan)

Died 21 April 1938 (aged 60)

Lahore, Punjab, British India

(now in Punjab, Pakistan)

Other names Poet of the East

مشرق شاعر

Notable work Asrar-e-Khudi, Rumuz-e-Bekhudi, Payam-e-

Mashriq,Zabur-e-Ajam, Javed Nama(more works)

Website Allama Iqbal

Era 20th-century philosophy

Region British India

Main

interestsUrdu poetry, Persian poetry,Law

Notable ideas Two-nation theory, Conception of Pakistan

Sir Muhammad Iqbal (Urdu:  اقبال widely known as Allama ,(November 1877 – 21 April 1938 9) (محمد

Iqbal ( اقبال was a poet,philosopher, and politician, he was also an academic, barrister and ,(علامہscholar[1][2] in British India who is widely regarded as having inspired the Pakistan Movement. He is considered one of the most important figures in Urdu literature,[3] with literary work in both theUrdu and Persian languages.[2][3]

Iqbal is admired as a prominent poet by Pakistani, Indian, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan and other international scholars of literature.[4][5]Though Iqbal is best known as an eminent poet, he is also a

highly acclaimed "Muslim philosophical thinker of modern times".[2][5] His first poetry book, Asrar-e-Khudi, appeared in the Persian language in 1915, and other books of poetry include Rumuz-i-Bekhudi,Payam-i-Mashriq and Zabur-i-Ajam. Amongst these his best known Urdu works are Bang-i-Dara, Bal-i-Jibril, Zarb-i Kalim and a part of Armughan-e-Hijaz. [6] Along with his Urdu and Persian poetry, his various Urdu and English lectures and letters have been very influential in cultural, social, religious and political disputes over the years.[6]

In 1922, he was knighted by King George V,[7][8] giving him the title "Sir".[9] While studying law and philosophy in England, Iqbal became a member of the London branch of the All-India Muslim League.[5][6] Later, in one of his most famous speeches, Iqbal pushed for the creation of a Muslim state in Northwest India. This took place in his presidential speech in the League's December 1930 session.[5][6]

In much of South Asia and Urdu speaking world, Iqbal is regarded as the Shair-e-Mashriq ( مشرق ,شاعر"Poet of the East").[10][11][12] He is also called Mufakkir-e-Pakistan ( پاکستان ("The Thinker of Pakistan" ,مفکرand Hakeem-ul-Ummat ( الامت The Sage of theUmmah"). The Pakistan government officially" ,حکیمnamed him a "national poet".[5] His birthday Yōm-e Welādat-e Muḥammad Iqbāl ( اقبال محمد ولادت or (یوم(Iqbal Day) is a public holiday in Pakistan.[13] In India he is also remembered as the author of the popular songSaare Jahaan Se Achcha.[14]