Mud Logging Introduction Without Mud Logging Knowledge
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Transcript of Mud Logging Introduction Without Mud Logging Knowledge
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
China National Logging Corporation
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Welcome to CNLC
CNLC IntroductionMud Logging IntroductionEquipment IntroductionJobs at field
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
China National Logging Corporation
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
CNLC IntroductionCNLC, providing well bore technical services in international market, mainly engaged in:• Wireline logging, mud logging, well testing, well
completion, perforating and other relevant engineering services.
• Geophysical and Geological research & development.
Mud LoggingMud Logging
Wireline LoggingWireline Logging
Well Testing
Reservoir evaluationReservoir evaluation Coiled TubingCoiled Tubing
WorkoverWorkover
Acid/FractureAcid/Fracture
Perforation
MWD/LWDMWD/LWD
Well Testing
MWD/LWD MWD/LWD Directional Directional DrillingDrilling
ReservoirReservoirEvaluationEvaluation Acid/ Acid/
FractureFracture
Workover/ Completion
WirelineLogging MudLogging
Coiled Tubing
Bore-holeIntegratedServices
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Where do we supply our services?
Pakistan
Iran
Azerbaijan
Sudan
Kazakhstan
PetroChina
Venezuela
Libya
Syria
Algeria
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
CNLC Operation in Sudan
Wireline Logging: Year 1998 for GNPOCMud Logging: Year 2001 for PDOCWelltesting: Year 2001 for PDOC
Now we have operation for GNPOC, PDOC and CNPCIS.
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Mud Logging Introduction
What is Mud Logging?
What are the Benefits of Mud Logging?
Take a Walk through a Typical Mud Logging
Unit
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What is Mud Logging?Mud Logging provides subsurface geological information while drilling a well.
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
What is Mud Logging?Mud Logging is the examination and analysis of geological information contained in formation cuttings and drilling mud to determine if oil and gas are encountered during drilling a well. Mud Logging also is used to provide critical safety functions such as determining pore pressures, kick control and ambient gas monitoring.
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
What is Mud Logging?
The service requires two to six people at the wellsite, a mobile laboratory unit, acting as the information center for the well and m a y i n c l u d e t h e e l e c t r o n i c monitoring of drilling parameters and third party service provider data. Communication
is essential
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
What are the Benefits of Mud Logging?Mud Loggers analyze geological data and drilling parametersto identify and quantify potentially productive hydrocarbon reserves, subsurface formation porosity and formation fractures. Mud Loggers also analyze the drilling parameters in conjunction with the formation analysis in order to provide recommendations to improve drilling rates, reduce costs and enhance safety.
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Take a Walk through a Typical Mud Logging Unit
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Take a Walk through a Typical Mud Logging Unit
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Take a Walk through a Typical Mud Logging Unit
China National Logging Corporation
EQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGY
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
CNLC mud logging services are focused on adding value for our clients through the intelligent use of quality data. People are the number one factor in our success, however the technology and equipment which is at their disposal has played a very important role in building our reputation for reliability and quality.
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Logging UnitUnit dimension is 8 × 2.7 × 3mEmergency escape hatch and double door airlock entry.Safety system: smoke detector, poisonous gas alarm.Two super air-conditions to maintain stable temperature within the unit.Adequate working space is provided for CompanymanUPS System Two extinguishers are equipped for fire.
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Geological Analysis
The unit contains a complete set of geological analysis equipment including Stereo Microscope, Fluoroscope and some associated Parts, like sample bags, chemical, Sieves, etc.
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Cloth bags and paper clasp sample envelopes
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Data Acquisition system
We use sensors to acquire the parameters, use on-line computers to monitor current rig activity. The unit also can transmit data in real-time to the operator’s office. An in-finite number of direct or calculated measurements can be monitored so that an alarm activates against a high, low and a rate of range.
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Logging Sensors
Drilling Speed (ROP)Standpipe Pressure (SPP)Hookload (HL, WOB)Rotary speed (RPM)Rotary Torque (TRQ)Stroke Speed (SPM)Mud Flow out (MFO)
Mud Temperate in/out (MTI/MTO)
Mud Conductivity in/out (MCI/MCO)
Mud Weight in/out (MWI/MWO)
Pit Volume
H2S
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Drilling Speed (ROP) Rotary speed / Pump Stroke Rate Sensor
Rotary Torque Sensor
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Pressure Sensors
Mud Flow out
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Mud Conductivity in/out
China National Logging Corporation
Mud Weight in/out
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Pit Volume
Suction tank
Mud Logging unit
Mud temperature
Mud Density
Mud Conductivity
Pit Level
Mud temperature
Mud Density
Mud Conductivity
Pit Level
Pit Level
Pit Level
Pit Level
Pump
gas
Pump Rate
Depth TraceStandpipe pressureHookloadRotary TableRotary Torque
Mud Flow out
mud
mud
mud
Sensors Position
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Chromatographs and Gas detectors
All mud logging units of CNLC use FID detector to detect hydrocarbon which are acquired from mud following in the ditch. This detector have high accuracy and sensitivity. Meanwhile, we use the integrator or wintegratortor automatically calculate acquiring digital total gas and chromatograph data for display, print, plot and storage.
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Chromatographs and Gas detectors
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & ServicesChina National Logging Corporation
Jobs at Field
1. Working crew2. Formation Evaluation3. Monitoring for safety drilling
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Working Crew
Sample Catcher
Mud Logger
Data Engineer
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Sample CatcherCollect and wash samples as specified interval.Pack and label ditch cutting samplesMake ready of cloth bags enough for next shift.Clean the floor of the unit and keep it clearDo other things specified by the team leader and
mud logger
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Mud logger
Lithology Description;Update Materlog and reports;Lag time check when necessary;Help the data engineer to monitor real time data and status.
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Data Engineer
Analyzes drilling and logging data;
Documents probable, hydrocarbon rich pay
zones;
As Team leader, to communicate with
representative of Oil company and third parts
companies.
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & ServicesChina National Logging Corporation
2. Formation EvaluationBuild the formation profile of the well location, get the first-hand message of the formation
Continuous total gas and chromatograph
component detecting and analysis
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Lithology Description:
Sandstone: color, fabric, grain size, roundness, sphericity, sorting, cementing, mineral, porosity, oil shows.
Claystone: color, fabric, hardness, tenacity, rough calcimetry.
China National Logging Corporation
Examples:SST(70%): lt gy, v f-f gr, occ med gr, subang- subrnd,
mod w srt, qtz, p-fr vis por, wi tr-5% blu wh fluor, 10% strmg bl wh cut, no cut color, no res, p oil show.
CLYST(30%): lt gy-med gy, occ dk gy, subblky-blky, mod hd, sl calc.
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Lithology Description:From the Lithology description, we can know the following information of this formation:
Depositional environment (oxidizing environment / reducing environment)Porosity and permeability (big or small)Hydrocarbon bearing condition (good or not)
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Estimate of the Percentage
Grain size card:
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China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Color Chart
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Shape of the cutting
Cuttings by Cuttings by MicroscopeMicroscope
porosity
Cement
Poorly porosity
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China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Hydrocarbon Evaluation
The order of hydrocarbon shows description is:Odor (type and strength)Oil stain or bleeding (distribution, intensity, color)Sample fluorescence (percentage, intensity, color)Cut color fluorescence (speed, character, intensity and color)Cut color and intensityCut residue (intensity and color)
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Oil Shows Description:Oil stain: percentage, type, colorDirectly fluorescence: percentage, color, intensity.Cut fluorescence: speed, patten, color.Residue: percentage, type.
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OdorOdor may range from heavy, characteristic of low gravity oil, to light and penetrating, for condensate. Some dry gases have no odor. Report its strength as good, fair or faint.
Staining and BleedingThe amount of oil staining on cuttings and cores is primarily a function of the distribution of the porosity and the oil distribution within the pores. The color of the stain is related to oil gravity. Heavy oil stains tend to be a dark brown, while light oil stains tend to be colorless.
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Directly fluorescence under UltraViolet box
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Sample fluorescenceColor: from brown through green, gold, blue,
yellow, to white; in most instances, the heavier oils have darker fluorescence.
Distribution: even, spotted, or mottled Intensity: bright, dull, pale, and faint.
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Cut fluorescence under UV box
Solvent:Solvent:ChloroformChloroform
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Solvent Cut Fluorescence
Cut speed: an indication of both the solubility of the oil and the permeability of the sample. Cut nature: the solvent with dissolved oil may occur in uniform, streaming or blooming. A streaming cut also indicates low oil mobility.Cut color and intensity: After observing the sample under UV light observe the sample under natural light. The cut color observed in natural light is just called cut color (example: very light brown cut color or no cut color).
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Cut Residue:The solvent dissolves rapidly under the heat of the UV light, sometimes leaving a residue of oil around the cutting on the spot plate. The true color of the oil can then be observed. The intensity and opacity of color, especially of the residue, is an indicator of the oil density and the quantity of oil originally in the cutting.
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Another way to analysis hydrocarbon bearing-- Gas Analysis
If the formation bear the hydrocarbon, when the bit crash the formation, the hydrocarbon inside will flow out and mix with mud. Use the special equipment it can be broken the hydrocarbon away from the mud and analysis inside the unit.
(See Drilling.AVI)
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China National Logging Corporation
Gas Analysis:
Degasser
(at gas trap)
Gas line Chromatography
(in unit)
Computer Recorder
Sample pump
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Integrator
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Chromatography
Gas analysis process:
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Gas analysis process:
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China National Logging Corporation
2.5s
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
China National Logging Corporation
3. Monitoring For Safety Drilling
Real time acquisition, processing and recording
drilling parameter
Real time alphanumeric & graphic data display for
safety drilling
Real time monitor and recording the mud properties
Mud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
China National Logging Corporation
Engineering Parameters to log:Total DepthROPWOHHook speedHook heightWOBRPMRotary TorqueStandpipe pressWellhead press.SPM & total Pump strokes
Lag time
Flow in/out
Temp in/out
Mud Weight in/out
Resistively in/out
Conductivity in/out
Mud volumes
Total gas and chromatography
H2S / CO2
-Exponent
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Drilling Real-time monitor plo
Difficult Hole Condition:
Mud loss (MFO ↘, pit volume ↘, SPP↘)
Kick off (MFO ↗, pit volume ↗ , Gas ↗)
Wear out (SPP↘)
Bit teeth worn out (TRQ)
Tight hole (Hookload)
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Trip Monitor
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StandsNo.
Trip tank Vol.(m3)
Theo. Disp.(m3)
Cumm. Theo.Disp. (m3)
Act. Disp.(m3)
Cumm. Act.Disp. (m3)
Mud Loss/Gain(m3)
Cumm. Loss/gain(m3)
0 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 05 0.93 0.51 0.51 0.43 0.43 -0.08 -0.0810 1.38 0.51 1.02 0.45 0.88 -0.06 -0.1415 1.83 0.51 1.53 0.45 1.33 -0.06 -0.220 2.27 0.51 2.04 0.44 1.77 -0.07 -0.2725 2.66 0.51 2.55 0.39 2.16 -0.12 -0.3930 3.15 0.51 3.06 0.49 2.65 -0.02 -0.41
Trip monitor sheet
Trip monitor sheet
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
0 10 20 30 40
Stands
Mud volume
Theo.
Act.
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Wherever we goWherever we goWhatever we doWhatever we do
whoever we servewhoever we serve
It isIt is PerfectionPerfectionthat we pursuethat we pursue
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
China National Logging CorporationMud Logging Technology & ServicesMud Logging Technology & Services
Thank You