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Kari tnb` @igmndaurs"

B Mru`htvgm Jibr`g`mVbrt`irsngp

4624+4625

Ui`gar Y`gvirsgty Y`gvirsgty ac B Earub

Cg`bjKiitg`m Kari tnb` @igmndau rs"

Enik`gtz Mirkb`y

Kby* 4625

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IYTAVIB@ ]ATLUNAV KATI XNB@ @IGMNDAYTU"

4622+4625

Kari betgvi kitnahajamy

Gkpjiki`tbtga` ac slgjjs bjribhy bequgrih dy jibr`irs* b`hbequgsgtga` ac `iw slgjjs

I`nb`eg`m risibren bttgtuhi b`h slgjjs? jibr`g`m ta jibr` b`h jibr` tasnbri

Kari rispa`sgvi ta tni `iihs b`h g`hgvghubj pati`egbj ac stuhi`ts

Vrakatga` ac b` betgvi Iurapib` egtgzi`sngp bka`m si`gar stuhi`ts

Djam ac tni Iurapib` ]arlsnap Kari tnb` @igmndaurs

nttp?!!karitnb``igmndaurswarhprisseak

4 naurs+Kiitg`ms iviry cgctii` hbys wgtn datn mraups

Jieturis* Tisibren Issbys* Sgsgts*

GEX? G`tir`it* i+kbgj* Djams* Uaegbj @itwarl*

Jibr`g`m carigm` jb`mubmis? I`mjgsn ea`virsbtga`*

b`h dbsge jissa`s ac Mirkb`

http://morethanneighbours.wordpress.com/http://morethanneighbours.wordpress.com/http://morethanneighbours.wordpress.com/

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KX@ Vnata Ea`tist

Xni stary ac b tghi kgjj

dy Ugjvgb Jbrrasb

Ajh cbetary sbjtg`m sbrhg`is

dy Kb`uijb Earrbj

B` b`egi`t mrgst+kgjj

dy Ijvgrb Bjdirtg`a

KGNJ* dy Kbrb Oiss Mbreb

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Xapges.4624+4625'

G`hustrgbj Nirgtbmi g` Mbjgegb? Kbmhbji`b Xb``iry g` Ditb`zas

Xni wbtir kgjjs ac ^uvgb b`h Bs Beibs

Xni cbetary acUbrmbhijas? crak gts eribtga`

ta tni prisi`t hby Ngstarge Tijbtga`sngp ditwii` Upbg` b`h @artn

ac Gtbjy

Mittg`m ta l`aw dittir aur pbrt`irs dy tni jaebj

mbstra`aky Ubg`t Obequis ]by tnraumn Vajb`h b`h Ezien

Tipudjge

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Issbys 4624+4625

Bdstrbets

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G Ebg`zas* X Eijb* I Hbz* G Mrb`ujjbqui* B Jb`mtry* TJpiz* O K Kbjhi* B Vriz* B Uiab`i* B Bourgb* JEbjhir`* B Hak`muiz* C Cbrbjha* D Tub`a* O Uajjasa* ESbrijb* BCirrigrb* K Bkbha* E Xrgma* M Enba* VMa`zjiz* E Crigri* B Ebjva* KO Mbreb* B Ebdizuha* B

Mbreb* K Earrbj* OO Tiy* I Vbrha* B Ebstra* D Tbssir* VSgjjbvirhi* H Sgb* I Bjdirtg`a* B Crb`en* G Tudga hi jbXarri* U Jbrrasb* C Mbrib* E Euistb* M jvbriz # IVbji`zuijb

BYXNATU AC XNI IUUBWU?

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G`hustrgbj Nirgtbmi

Kbmhbji`b Xb``iry g` Ditb`zas* B Earub

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G` tni kgh+`g`itii`tn ei`tury* tni mribtist wibjtn ac tniku`gegpbjgty ac Ditb`zas jby g` tni eujtgvbtga` ac wnibt* ryi*mrbpis b`h enist`uts* tni rbgsg`m ac jgvistael b`h tni

ixpjagtbtga` ac carist Bja`m wgtn tnisi betgvgtgis staah up btb``iry* b pattiry* sivirbj cjaur kgjjs b`h vbrgaus brtgsb`jaaks

Xni Mbjgegb` jibtnir g`hustry wi`t tnraumn b praeiss ac

hiejg`i g` tni jbti+`g`itii`tn ei`tury Gts g`bdgjgty ta bhbpt ta`iw tien`ajamgebj enb`mis* ea`hik`ih Mbjgegb` jibtnir tab sjaw hibtn

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B` ajh dbsqui cbkgjy* tni Itenivirrb* cau`hih b praspirausjibtnir g`hustry g` Ditb`zas* g` tni `igmndarnaah ac BKbmhbji`b

Xngs `igmndarnaah nbs enb`mih avir tgki hui taspieujbtga`* `imjiet b`h hgsrimbrh car aur ngstargebj pbst G`tni i`h* tni hgstrget ac B Kbmhbji`b nbs dieaki b ejibrixbkpji ac wnbt snaujh `ivir di ha`i rimbrhg`m tnikikary ac b piapji b`h gts brengtieturi

Kast ac tni ajh nausis g` tni `igmndarnaah wiri usih dyikpjayiis ac tni cbetaryXni ejasuri ac tni cbetary hgh `atbcciet tni typgebj strueturis

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Xni cbetary apirbtih u`tgj b ciw yibrs dicari tni Upb`gsnEgvgj ]br* g` 2753* b`h gt wbs ixpraprgbtih b`h ea`virtihg`ta b Vrgsa`irs Tipudjgeb`s Ebkp Sgei`ti Cirrir* tni

mribt pratietar ac tni paar g` G`hgb* wbs bka`m tniprgsa`irs Xni dugjhg`m wbs jbtir bdb`ha`ih* dieakg`mtni rug`s ac tni cbetary wngen wbs a`ei b kboar g`hustry

Bctir jibvg`m tni tb``iry* tni Ienivirrgb cbkgjy tur`ih ngs iccartsg`ta tni cg`b`egbj kbrlit b`h stbrtih tni Db`l Itenivirrgb

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EA@EJYUGA@Xni stra`m bmrgeujturbj trbhgtga` b`h kbrgtgki g`tirists acDitb`zas hgh `at privi`t tni hivijapki`t ac dusg`iss

g`gtgbtgvis tnbt wiri ebrrgih aut g` tni rimga` ac Ditb`zasXniItenivirrb cbkgjy wbs bka`m kb`y atnirs wna hravihivijapki`t b`h enb`mis g` tni g`hustrgbj b`h sirvgeisietars tnbt hy`bkgzih tni rimga`

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G`hustrgbj Nirgtbmi

]btirkgjjs ^udgb b`h Bs Beibs

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+ G`trahuetga`

+ Ngstargebj hivijapki`t+ Xni cgrst Kgjjs g` @bra`

+ Eurri`t stbtus ac tnisi Kgjjs

+Ea`ejusga`s

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G` tngs warl wi prisi`t b` avirvgiw actni argmg`* ivajutga` b`h prisi`t stbti ac kgjjs*b`h kast ispiegbjjy ac wbtirkgjjs Xniy nbh bmribt gkpartb`ei g` tni ngstary ac kb`lg`hb`h tniy rikbg` bs b ejibr ivghi`ei ac tnig`tijjgmi`ei ac kb` ta gkpravi tni praeissg`mcaah g`hustry* pbrtgeujbrjy g` tni ivajutga` b`hhivijapki`t ac Mbjgegb b`h kari spiegcgebjjy

g` bribs ejasi ta Cirraj

Cirraj

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Xnisi g`struki`ts eb` di hicg`ih bskbeng`is ebpbdji ac mrg`hg`m* erusng`mb`h pripbrg`m siihs b`h mrbg` dykib`s ac ratbtg`m wniijs b`h eyjg`hirs

http://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=B6NtiAUH3DuyFM&tbnid=1E3AH5Q_gioDRM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.coiim.es/Revista/Imagenes/Forms/Lista.aspx?RootFolder=/Revista/Imagenes/Revista01_2010/Articulo%204&View={CD2EAF20-53ED-45B3-98D2-8525D9D7E11C}&ei=N-NlUebdMIKq0QWe0YDYCg&bvm=bv.45107431,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHuyet8DY8B71oZHgs9nLmhnXTm2A&ust=1365718084427018

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Xniri gs b mribtvbrgity ac kgjjs*

hipi`hg`m a` tniprahuets ta ditribtih? cjaur* agjirs*enaeajbti .car

erusng`m tni eaeab'b`h tnasi usih carkg`irbjs* * b`hsa a`Xni i`irmy b`hkbeng`isikpjayih brihgcciri`t beearhg`mta tni prahuet ta di

mrau`h

Cjaur kgjj

Kg`irbj

kgjj

Enaeajbti

kgjjAgj kgjj

http://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=0L1tMh9x1Nh3JM&tbnid=FLgpnS4J-67pgM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.flickr.com/photos/trituradora-caso/8007794679/&ei=UupOUaqKCYmA0AXhp4CoDQ&bvm=bv.44158598,d.ZWU&psig=AFQjCNEox9BAp4x1iuImq7gXaHyNl3MCCQ&ust=1364212495727198http://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8kLO44n_RX3xIM&tbnid=Shs1lRtSbmYLuM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.sabor-artesano.com/elaboracion-tradicional-aceite.htm&ei=ctJOUY38DIic0AXS4YG4Dg&bvm=bv.44158598,d.ZWU&psig=AFQjCNGgRim5ySknTvwN4qiFhAwx8e5cAQ&ust=1364206512113283

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Istubrgis b`h rgvirswiri mribt pjbeis car tni

wbtirkgjjs g` Mbjgegb

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Xni ^udgb Tgvir* ebjjih Ta Mrb`hi hi^udgb* wbs tni dist pjbei car tniea`struetga` ac kgjjs* `ibr ta b` istubry b`h

b `bvgmbdji part car mbjjia`s

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CBEXATW JAEBXGA@

Xni cgrst Kgjj g` @bra`

@awbhbys tniri bri twa ixtrbarhg`bry kgjjs g`@br`* a`i ac tnik gs Xni Taybj Cbetary acOub` Jistbeni* ejasi ta tni Oudgb Drghmi* b`htni atnir gs Xni Taybj Cjaur Cbetary g`Bs

Beibs ha Va`ta

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A` tni rgmnt sghi ac tni Oudgbs Tgviristubry* wi eb` cg`h b` ixtrbarhg`brykgjj hbtih dbel ta tni i`h ac 2>tnei`tury Xngs Kgjj wbs pbrt ac tni

g`hustrgbj mraup eribtih dy Kr Oub`Jistbeni b`h Crb`egsea Dueb`*ea`sgstg`m ac b cjaur kgjj* b pbpir kgjj*b eappir cbetary b`h tni mribt

Xb``iry Taybj Cbetary

G` tni Va`ta istubry* viry ejasi ta tnikgjj ki`tga`ih bdavi* tniri gs b`atnirixtrbarhg`bry ea`struetga`* bjsa craktni 2>tn ei`tury? tni tghi kgjj ac Xni

Taybj Cjaur Cbetary l`aw` bs

Beibs hi Jikdiyi

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Xnisi twa kgjjs wiri wijjl`aw` car gts tien`ajamgebj

enbrbetirgstges b`h mrg`hg`mbdgjgty Xni cgrst a`i* ebkita mrg`h 566*666 dusnijs.bdaut tnrii kgjjga` lgjas' b

yibr< wngji g` tni siea`hebsi tni bkau`t wbs246*666 dusnijs .bdaut a`ikgjjga` twa nu`hrihtnausb`h lgjas'

https://www.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1_LkBw2PXr8/TroIRFRnVKI/AAAAAAAABRo/P9m74z0Q8EE/s1600/wheat+sacks.jpg&imgrefurl=http://farmingpak.blogspot.com/2011_11_01_archive.html&docid=7G0GpN4S66XefM&tbnid=5wFL1i4wYgzh6M&w=400&h=266&ei=wf1XUYSfCPSo0AXq8YHABQ&ved=0CAQQxiAwAg&iact=ricshttp://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=6AYbZ3uvjroHdM&tbnid=tZPE5ssy_25EKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://harineras.blogspot.com/2009/03/real-fabrica-de-harinas-del-puente-de.html&ei=qz9XUc2UFaSv0QWNwoHQDw&bvm=bv.44442042,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNEQe4nHShQIHf7BRVVLJnSCXK8y2g&ust=1364758809838029

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Ea`hgtga` ac tni beeiss ta tni tghbj

kgjj Bs Beibs ha Va`taB carmatti` igmntii`tn ei`tury oiwij

Bctir sa kb`y yibrs dig`m bdb`ha`ih* tni

eakpjix nbs siviri hbkbmi a` raacs b`h

cjaars. ]gtnaut kbg`ti`b`ei b`h b sgm`gcgeb`t

ea`sajghbtga`* tni rug` wgjj di g`ivgtbdji.

http://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=6AYbZ3uvjroHdM&tbnid=tZPE5ssy_25EKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://harineras.blogspot.com/2009/03/real-fabrica-de-harinas-del-puente-de.html&ei=qz9XUc2UFaSv0QWNwoHQDw&bvm=bv.44442042,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNEQe4nHShQIHf7BRVVLJnSCXK8y2g&ust=1364758809838029http://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=6AYbZ3uvjroHdM&tbnid=tZPE5ssy_25EKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://harineras.blogspot.com/2009/03/real-fabrica-de-harinas-del-puente-de.html&ei=qz9XUc2UFaSv0QWNwoHQDw&bvm=bv.44442042,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNEQe4nHShQIHf7BRVVLJnSCXK8y2g&ust=1364758809838029http://www.google.es/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=6AYbZ3uvjroHdM&tbnid=tZPE5ssy_25EKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://harineras.blogspot.com/2009/03/real-fabrica-de-harinas-del-puente-de.html&ei=qz9XUc2UFaSv0QWNwoHQDw&bvm=bv.44442042,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNEQe4nHShQIHf7BRVVLJnSCXK8y2g&ust=1364758809838029http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_72HHQ2Hbt1I/ScI7rWaUVMI/AAAAAAAABT0/jxG7DiVz-JE/s1600-h/molino+mareas+Xubia,+real+fabrica+de+harinas,+visita+TICCIH.JPG

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Ea`ejusga`s

Hispgti gts bppbri`t nukgjgty* tnisi kgjjs nbvi nbh bviry gkpartb`t iea`akge b`h saegbj raji* crak tni jbti

2>tn ei`tury* g` aur rimga`Xni cbetargis ac Jistbeni b`h Jbkdiyi wiri bka`m

tni jbrmist g` tni eau`tryXa tni rijivb`ei ac tni prahuetga` ac cjaur kust di

bhhih atnir `at kg`ar cbetars* bs trbhi* ixpart b`hgkpart ac mrbg` b`h atnir erbct typi betgvgtgis^uvgb kgjjs wiri ngmnjy prbgsih g` tni 2>tn ei`tury

Jbrrumb hicg`ih tnik bs $b` bhvb`tbmiausea`struetga`$ wngji Ear`ghi ea`sghirs tni Jistbenis

g`gtgbtgvi bs $wartny ac pudjge kikary$

http://www.ahiva.info/Gifs-Animados/Transporte-maritimo/ver.php?d=Galeones&pg=1

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G`hustrgbj Nirgtbmi

Xni cbetary acUbrmbhijas? crak gts eribtga` ta tniprisi`t

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Ub`tgbma hi Ubrmbhijas gs b viryskbjj vgjjbmi sgtubtih g` MbjgegbG` Ubrmbhijas stb`hs tni VattiryCbetary tnbt tblis tni `bki ac tnivgjjbmi

Ubrmbhijas Cbetary ngstary gs

hgvghih g`ta twa dgm pirgahs? Xni ajh pirgah* crak tni jbti2>tn

ei`tury ta 2>=9* hurg`m tngspirgah wi wgjj pag`t up ta B`ta`ga

Tbgku`ha Gdiz Xni prisi`t pirgah* wngen stbrtsg` 2787* dig`m Gsbbe HbzVbrha*tni kast gkpartb`t pirsa`

B. Tbgku`ha

Gdiz

Gsbbe Hbz

Vbrha

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B`ta`ga Tbgku`ha Gdiz wbs b dgmi`tirprgsg`m pirsa` Xni cgrst ghibs bdaut tnicau`hbtga` ac Ubrmbhijas cbetary brgsi g`Gdizs kg`h u`hir tni rigm` ac Ebrjas 5rhb`h Ebrjas 8tnGdizs ebriir ribenis gts ngmnist pag`twgtn tni dugjhg`m ac tni g`hustrgbj eakpjix acUbrmbhijas .carmi* ebst gra` cau`hry cbetary

b`h jbtir pattiry cbetary'

Ubrmbhijas G`hustrgbjMraup

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Ngs i`tirprgsg`m bttgtuhi waujhjibh ngk ta hibtn

Xni kb` wna nbh ha`i karibdaut tni hivijapki`t ac Mbjgegbbt tni i`h ac tni 2>tn ei`turyb`h tni dimg``g`m ac 27tn* wbsdrutbjjy bssbssg`btih dy ngseau`try `igmndaurs* wna wiri`tbdji ta beeipt ngs sueeiss

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Ubrmbhijas Vattiry cbetary wbsejasih car bdaut 266 yibrs* crak

2>=9 ta 273>

G` tni `iw pirgah* Gsbbe Hbz Vbrha.g`tijjietubj* dusg`isskb`* pbg`tir*

wrgtir* pattir* hisgm`ir'* cau`hih b

kahij ac i`tirprgsi pricirrg`m tnisaegbj b`h eujturbj sirvgei ta b`y

iea`akgebj pracgtbdgjgty

Gsbbe Hbz Vbrha trbvijjih car tnicgrst tgki ta Brmi`tg`i g` 2799* b`htniri* ni cau`hih b Vattiry Cbetaryebjjih B Kbmhbji`b wngen lipt gts

prahuetgvi praeiss car avir 56

yibrs

B Kbmhbji`b Vattiry

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Xngs praoiet wbs di`icgegbj car tniMbjgegb` g`tijjietubjs ixgjih g`

Brmi`tg`i bctir tni Upb`gsn Egvgj ]br*wngen taal snbpi g` 2735 wgtn tnieribtga` ac tni Hisgm` Jbdarbtary

Xni warls a` Eirva cbetary stbrt g` Ubrmbhijas g` 273> Xniyristarih* g` tnbt `iw pnbsi* tni ajh spgrgt ac Ubrmbhijas* gtsitngebj ea`eiptga` ac i`tirprgsi* cbr crak b`y spieujbtga`

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Xni Hisgm` Jbdarbtary b`h Ebstra

Vattiry sgm`ih b trbhi bmriiki`t tacau`h Ebrjas Kbsghi Kusiuk g` 27=6

Xngs Kusiuk gs cau`hih wgtn tnipurpasi ac warlg`m ta rieavir tni

ngstargebj kikary ac Mbjgegb

Ebstra

Vattiry

Ebrjas Kbsghi

Kusiuk

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G` 27=4 gs sit up UbrmbhijasUikg`bry* b` g`vistgmbtga`

g`stgtuti Carkg`m pbrt ac tngs

mraup tniri gs b enbg` ac snapsebjjih Ubrmbhijas Mbjjirgis*wniri `at a`jy pattiry gs sajh

dut tnisi bri b riciri`ei pag`t

ac Mbjgegb eujturi bs wijj

Crak tngs kaki`t tni papujbrgty ac

tngs dgm g`hustry* istbdjgsnih g`Ubrmbhijas* spribh bjj avir tniwarjh b`h g` 27=4 wbs hiejbrih

Eujturbj b`h Ngstargebj Nirgtbmi

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Ubrmbhijas Vattiry*disghis warlg`m bs b`

i`tirprgsi rig`vists bjj tnidi`icgts rieigvih g`eujturbj betgvgtgis

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Uaki Ngstary

Enbrjis S ac Mirkb`y .Enbrjis G ac

Upbg`' wbs rujir ac tni NajyTakb` Ikpgri crak 2927 u`tgj

2993 G` 2956* ni wbs eraw`ih

Najy Takb` Ikpirar dy Vapi

Ejiki`t SGG g` Dajam`b Enbrjis Ssueeiihih g` pbegcyg`m Jakdbrhy

b`h Upbg` nijh a` ta bjj gts Gtbjgb`

tirrgtargis

H l c Kgj N c B t g

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Vngjgp GG ac Upbg` .Nbdsdurm'

Vngjgp GGG ac Upbg` .Nbdsdurm'

Vngjgp GS ac Upbg` .Nbdsdurm'

Enbrjis GG ac Upbg` .Nbdsdurm'

Vngjgp S ac Upbg` .Daurda`'

Hulis ac Kgjb`* Nausis ac Bustrgb

b`h Daurda` + Upb`gsn mavir`ki`t

.2986+2=63'

2986+297>

297>+2342

2342+2339

2339+2=66

2=66+2=63

Gt jg Lg h R g U g

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Bkbhia ac Ubvay wbs lg`m ac Upbg` ditwii` 2>=6b`h 2>=5 wgtn tni `bki ac Bkbhia G

Kbrgb Jugsb ac Vbrkb* hbumntir ac Vngjgp ac Vbrkbb`h Vrg`eiss Jaugsi Ijgsbditn ac Crb`ei* kbrrgihEnbrjis GS b`h diebki Ruii` ea`sart ac Upbg` g`

2=>>* bctir hibtn ac nir nusdb`hs cbtnir.Enbrjis GGGLg`m ac Upbg`'

Ijgzbditn Cbr`isi kbrrgih Lg`m ac Upbg`* Vngjgp S.wghawir' g` 2=28

Gtbjgb` Lg`ms b`h Ruii`s g` Upbg`

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Gtbjgb` kgjgtbrs g` tni Upb`gsn Brky

Bjixb`hir Cbr`isi* Huli ac Vbrkb Mavir`ar ac Cjb`hirs

b`h cbkaus car ngs sueeisscuj ebkpbgm` bmbg`st tni HutenTivajt .29=>+2974' g` wngen ni ebpturih tni kbg` egtgis g` tni

sautn .`aw Dijmguk' b`h ritur`ih tnik ta tni ea`traj ac

Ebtnajge Upbg`

Bkdrasga Upg`ajb .Mi`ab'Ebptbg` Mi`irbj ac Cjb`hirs b`h

Upb`gsn Brky Eakkb`hir

hurg`m tni Igmnty Wibrs ]br Xni

ea`quist ac Drihb wbs tni

eujkg`btga` acUpg`ajbs ebriirb`h ni wbs gkkartbjgzih dy

Sijbzquiz g` Xni Uurri`hir ac

Drihb .Jbs Jb`zbs' pbg`tg`m

E jt

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G`cjui`ei ac tni Gtbjgb` Ti`bgssb`ei

Xni g`trahuetga` ac Gtbjgb` Ti`bgssb`ei wbs stra`mir g` Upbg`

tnb` g` tni rist ac tni Iurapi diebusi kb`y Upb`gsnstuhi`ts btti`hih tni Taybj Eajjimi ac Upbg` g` Dajam`b

G` tni 28tn ei`tury* Ebrhg`bj Mgj hi Bjdar`az* Brendgsnap acXajiha* arhirih ta dugjh b senaaj car Upb`gsn stuhi`ts g`

Dajam`b wngen nbs dii` cu`etga`g`m sg`ei tni`

Eujturi

Xni Taybj Eajjimiac Upbg`* Ut

Ejiki`t ac tni

Upb`gbrhs

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Upb`gsn Ti`bgssb`eibrengtieturi* jgli tniVjbtirisea styji* wbsg`cjui`eih dy tni Gtbjgb`brengtieturi

Brengtieturi

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G` tni cgrst tngrh ac tni 23tn

ei`tury* saki Gtbjgb` seujpturirswarlih g` Upbg`?

Haki`gea Cb`eijjg* .2837 2927'* a`i ac tni g`trahueirs ac

Ti`bgssb`ei brt g` Upbg` A`iac ngs kast cbkaus warls gs tnitakd ac tni Ebtnajge Lg`ms g`tni Taybj Enbpij ac Mrb`bhb

Vakpiya Jia`g .2955 + 236>'eribtih b warlsnap g` Kbhrghb`h warlih g` tni Ka`bstiry acIj Iseargbj

Ueujpturi

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GXBJGB@ KYUGE AC ^SGGG EI@XYTW G@ UVBG@

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Xni 2>tn ei`tury wbs b viryg`tiristg`m pirgah g` Upb`gsn kusgeXni `iw Daurda` hy`bsty api`ihtni wby car tni hgccusga` ac Gtbjgb`kusge g` Upbg`* ispiegbjjy Vngjgp Sb`h ngs sa` Cirhg`b`h SG

Kb`y Gtbjgb` kusgegb`s ebki taUpbg`* jgli Haki`gea Uebrjbttg*Cbrg`ijjg* Earsijjg ar Daeenirg`gJgtiris* @idrb* Cbtnir Uajir* b`h

Kb`uij Eb`bjis stb`h aut bka`mtni Upb`gsn kusgegb`s g` tniDbraqui b`h Ejbssgebj pirgahs

GXBJGB@ KYUGE AC ^SGGG EI@XYTW G@ UVBG@

Vngjgp S* api`ih tni haarsta Gtbjgb` kusge

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Uegi`ei

Bjiob`hra Kbjbspg`b .2=98 + 2>67'

wbs b` Gtbjgb` `adjikb` b`h kbrg`i

accgeir g` tni sirvgei ac Upbg` Ni

wbs cbkaus car tblg`m pbrt wgtn Oasi

hi Dustbkb`ti g` a`i ac tni mribt

segi`tgcge ixpjarbtga`s brau`h tni

warjh* tni Kbjbspg`b Ixpihgtga`.2=>>+2=78'

Bctir ea`spgrg`m ta avirtnraw

Mahay* ni wbs brristih b`h

gkprgsa`ih g` tni gsajbtih

cartriss ac Ub` B`t` g` Jb

Earub crak 2=73+2>64

Jgt t

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Upb`gsn kgjgtbryprisi`ei g` Gtbjy gsgkkartbjgzih g` tnidgamrbpngis acEirvb`tis b`h

Ruiviha* mi`gusisac Upb`gsn jgtirbturi

Jgtirbturi

Jgt t

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Xni `avij G prakissg spasg .Xni

Ditratnih' dy Bjissb`hraKb`za`g .Kgjb`* 2=>9 2>=5' gsea`sghirih b dbsge riciri`ei g`Gtbjgb` jgtirbturi Uit g` Jakdbrhy

hurg`m tni Upb`gsn aeeupbtga` actni jbti 2346s* tni `avij tijjs tnistary ac twa yau`m javirs* Ti`zab`h Juegb* privi`tih crakkbrryg`m dy tni tyrb`t Ha`Tahrgma Bctir kb`y hb`mirs tnijavirs bri riu`gtih bt tni i`h

Jgtirbturi

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Mittg`m ta l`aw aur pbrt`irs dittir

tnraumn Mbstra`aky

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G`trahuetga`

Xni mbstra`akge wibjtn ac Iurapis eau`trgis gs dbsih

kbg`jy a` iben eau`trys bmrgeujturbj risaureis

Niri wi prisi`t b dgt ac tngs caah vbrgity* b`h saki ac tniibtg`m eustaks g` tni hgcciri`t eau`trgis

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DIJMGYK

Dijmguk prahueis >6) ac gts caah `iihs Xni kbg` eraps

bri diits* patbtais* wnibt* dbrjiy* crugts* takbtais b`h cjbxEbttji rbgsg`m* hbgry cbrkg`m b`h cgsng`m bri gkpartb`tg`hustrgis

Crak tni 23tn ei`tury Cjikgsn eugsg`i g`earparbtih ixatge

g`mrihgi`ts suen bs takbtais* patbtais b`h bjj lg`hs acnirds Uaki papujbr spiegbjgtgis bri Sjbbkisi stavirgo.stiwih ax kibt wgtn djbel diir' b`h ]btirzaag .eribkyengeli` ar cgsn stiw wgtn vimitbdjis'

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Dijmguk gs warjh+ri`aw`ih car gts enaeajbti* gts diirsb`h gts kussijs wgtn engps

Eudirha`s bri b typi ac Dijmgb` eb`hy* cjbvaurih wgtnrbspdirrgis* b`h rieam`gzih bs b rimga`bj prahuet g`

Dijmguk Xni Dijmgb`s ebjjih tnik `iuzilis ar jgttji`asis

DIJMGB@ KI@Y

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DIJMGB@ KI@Y

2 Nat saups

4 Kussijs wgtn engps b`h diir

5 ]bccji* wngen gs b` g`tir`btga`bjjy cbkaus hissirt Gtssnbpi gs rietb`mujbr wgtn hiip* jbrmi `atenis b`h gssprg`ljih wgtn sumbr ar eribk* b`h ibti` nat

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XNI E_IEN TIVYDJGEG` tni Ezien Tipudjge* tni prgkbry bmrgeujturbj prahuets bri

wnibt* patbtais* sumbr diits* naps* crugt* parl b`h paujtry*wgtn tni kbg` eraps dig`m ear`* wnibt* dbrjiy b`h ryi Xrautb`h ebrp bri tni kast papujbr cgsnyis

Xni kast trbhgtga`bj

vimitbdjis car sghihgsnis bri ebrrats*eijiry* tur`gps*ebujgcjawir* a`ga`s*jiils* mbrjge*

ebddbmi* b`h lbjiNirds suen bspbrsjiy b`h engvisbhh cjbvaur

Uaups bri eakka` Ezien hgsnis? patbta mbrjge

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Uaups bri eakka` Ezien hgsnis? patbta* mbrjge*engeli`* diic saup wgtn jgvir hukpjg`ms* b`h Ubuirlrbutsaup

Kbg` eaursis usubjjy ea`sgst ac kibt* engeli` ar parl?diic maujbsn* diic sgrjag`* rabst parl* rabst huel* crgiheniisi* b`h rabst engeli`

Kbelirij gs b papujbr cgsn ta mrgjjavir b` api` cgri g` sukkir

D tt h ng h c g

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Duttir b`h wngppih eribk bri ac eakka` usi g`hissirts G` mi`irbj Ezien hissirts b`h eblis bri `atviry swiit

Diir gs tni `btga`bj divirbmi* dut Eziens bjsa jgli tahrg`l tib* b`h eaccii

MITKB@W

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MITKB@W

Mirkb`y-s eugsg`i gs vbrgih Xypgebj bri skalih cgsn*sbuirlrbut* eniisi* eblis .ispiegbjjy tni cbkaus bppji

struhij'* b`h eaalih* dagjih* hrgih ar crgih sbusbmismbr`gsnih wgtn kustbrh Ngmnjgmnts bri parl kibt* skalihparl enaps* kibtdbjjs* kg`eih kibt* stuccih ebddbmi rajjs*parl l`uelji* rbddgt* vi`gsa`* patbta sbjbhs b`h pbstrgis

Mirkb`y accirs kb`y hgcciri`t typis ac dribh Xni dribhs*suen bs pbstry Lbssij* bri kbhi wgtn wngti wnibt cjaur* arryi cjaur* jgli tni dgttir hijgegaus dribhs ac Dirjg`*Kielji`durm b`h Xnurg`mgb

Ughi hgsnis bri tni imitbdjis b`h nirds b`h criq i`tj

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Ughi hgsnis bri tni vimitbdjis b`h nirds b`h* criqui`tjytni pbstb .@uhij`'* wngen gs tngelir tnb` tni Gtbjgb` b`hea`tbg`s kari imm

B typgebj sghi hgsn gs Lji* bjsa ebjjih L`hij?hukpjg`ms ea`tbg`g`m cjaur wgtn imms* ar patbtais .ardribh g`stibh' b`h cjaur

Mirkb`y nbs mat b dgm vbrgity

ac hbgry prahuets* kbg`jyeniisis* kb`y ac wngen nbvib` accgegbj VHA pratietga`

Xn g n hg g g j h g n g c

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Xniri gs kuen trbhgtga` g`vajvih g` tni pripbrbtga` aceblis b`h pbstrgis wgtn crugt Xngs brtgstry gs a` hgspjby g`kb`y Vbtgssirgis Uaki ac tni kast papujbr eblis bri

tni Lsilueni` .eniisiebli' b`h Djbel Carist ebli Eaccii gs wghijy ea`sukih @ibr tni @artn Uib eabst*

tib gs viry papujbr .Astcrgisi`tii'* b`h gts eaksukptga`gs beeakpb`gih dy b spiegcge rgtubj

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Mirkb`y gs b wg`i prahueg`m `btga` wgtn 23 hgcciri`twg`i rimga`s* jaebtih kbg`jy g` tni sautn b`h ibst

G` Uiptikdir b`h Aetadir* tni nbrvist ka`tns cistgvbjs

bri ebjjih $]ig`cist$ b`h bri hihgebtih ta ea`sukptga`ac `iw wg`i .Cihirwigir' b`h a`ga` eblis

GXBJW

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GXBJW

Gtbjy prahueis b wghi rb`mi ac hgcciri`t prahuets Xnikbg` prahuets bri eiribjs jgli wnibt* ear` b`h rgei Bs

car nartgeujturbj prahuets* Gtbjy prahueis ajgvis* mrbpis*bppjis* arb`mis* cgms* hbtis b`h wbj`uts Bjsa eakka`bri sumbr diits* patbtais* brtgenalis* wbtirkija`* b`hengjjgs

Vgm* sniip b`h eaw ebttji rbgsg`m bri tni kast prahuetgvig`hustrgis Gtbjy bjsa ixeijs g` tni prahuetga` ac paujtry*mabts* kujis* duccbjais b`h narsis

Xn Gt jg cg ng cj t g g t t g tn I

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Xni Gtbjgb` cgsng`m cjiit gs viry gkpartb`t g` tni Iurapib`Y`ga`

B typgebj Gtbjgb` ki`u kgmnt g`ejuhi pgeljis* eurih nbk*

kazzbrijjb b`h takbta* sibcaah* drbgsih brtgenalis b`hrbw kibt .ebrpbeega'

Vbstb* rgei* saup* paji`tb .ear` parrghmi'* kibt* .jgliTakb Ubjtgkdaeeb* b`h Assaduea' b`h cgsn b`h sbjbhs

bri criqui`tjy ea`sukih

Hissirts bri mi`irbjjy swiit Xgrbkgsu gei eribk

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Hissirts bri mi`irbjjy swiit Xgrbkgsu* gei eribk*puhhg`m* crugt sbjbh* jika` sardit* Vb``b eattb*Vracgtiraji ar Dbdb bri bjj wijj+l`aw` hissirts tnbt nbvi

eaja`gzi atnir eugsg`is

VAJB@H

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VAJB@H

Bmrgeujturi g` Vajb`h nbs bjwbys dii` b` gkpartb`t pbrtac tni eau`trys iea`aky

Xni kast gkpartb`t eraps bri mrbg`swnibt* dbrjiy b`habts patbtais* sumbr diits* cahhir eraps* cjbx* naps*tadbeea b`h crugts G` bjj rimga`s ac Vajb`h eaws brirbgsih* diic ebttji* pgms b`h paujtry* b`h tni eujtgvbtga` ac

crugt* usubjjy cark b` g`timrbj pbrt ac kgxih cbrkg`m Vajgsn eugsg`i gs sgkpji b`h iea`akge* dut qugti vbrgih*

wgtn rimga`bj hgcciri`eis Kibjs ea`sgst ac saups* dribh*patbtais b`h parl Hgsnis bri kbhi wgtn sbuirlrbut*

vimitbdjis* crugts b`h kusnraaks

Driblcbst ea`sgsts ac dribh duttir b`h obk wgtn tib ar

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Driblcbst ea`sgsts ac dribh* duttir b`h obk* wgtn tib areaccii< saki piapji pricir ta ibt imms b`h eniisi* ivi`sbusbmis* nbk b`h ebli

Xni typgebj Vajgsn hgsnis g`ejuhi sivirbj lg`hs ac saup*wgtn diitraat* ebddbmi* kusnraaks* takbtais b`h sa a`

Atnir hgsnis bri stibl Xbrtbri* enappih kibt* vimitbdjisbjbhs* pgis* pbstrgis wgtn dbea`* crgih kusnraaks*

qui`ijjis ac kibt* sbuirlrbut b`h kusnraaks* b`hpb`eblis cgjjih wgtn eniisi ar kibt

Hissirts g`ejuhi pappy siih ebli b`h eblis wgtn

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Hissirts g`ejuhi pappy siih ebli b`h eblis wgtneniisi* bppjis* b`h pjuks

Xni Vajis jgli stra`m bjeanajge hrg`ls* jgli vahlb Xni

Vajgsn crugt jgquars b`h tni spgeih jgquars bri sbgh tanbvi nibjg`m vgrtuis Vajb`h bjsa prahueis qubjgty diirb`h viry maah bppji eghir

MBJGEGB@ EYGUG@I

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MBJGEGB@ EYGUG@I

Upbg`* hui gts miamrbpnge vbrgbdgjgty* prahueis b mribt`ukdir ac hgcciri`t prahuets< tniricari tni caah gs bjsa

qugti hgcciri`t crak a`i rimga` ta b`atnir b`h crak `artnta sautn Mbjgegb* g` tni `artnwist b`h a` tni Btjb`tge* gsa`i ac tni rimga`s wgtn tni dist cgsn b`h snijjcgsn g`Upbg`* b`h gts kibt gs bjsa cbkaus

A`i ac tni kast typgebj hgsnis gs tni Jbea`bhb? sbjt+eurih pgm snaujhir sirvih wgtn patbtais* tur`gp mrii`s*Upb`gsn enargza sbusbmi b`h engel pibs

B`atnir dijavih hgsn gs Ikpb`bhb b lg`h ac erusty pgi

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B`atnir dijavih hgsn gs Ikpb`bhb * b lg`h ac erusty pgi

kbhi crak cjaur haumn* b`h cgjjih wgtn stiwih a`ga`* rihpippirs b`h kibt* cgsn ar ivi` snijjcgsn

Mbjgegb bjsa nbs b mribt trbhgtga` g`swiits* usubjjy kbhi crak bjka`hs*imms* wnibt cjaur b`h ejbrgcgih duttirXni kast papujbr pbstrgis briKijg`hris.kbhi wgtn imm yajls*bjka`h b`h sumbr'* b`h Bjki`hrbhashi Bjjbrgz* kbhi wgtn imm wngtis*bjka`hs* b`h sumbr

Xn ] c U g t O tn n E n

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Xni ]by ac Ubg`t Obkis tnraumn EzienTipudjge b`h Vajb`h

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Xni ]by ac Ut Obkis

Xni pgjmrgkbmi rauti ta Ub`tgbma hi Eakpastijb nbsdieaki b kboar Iurapib` Eujturbj rauti b`h gts a`i ac

tni mribtist tribsuris snbrih dy bjj Iurapib`s

Xngs ajh rauti nbs dii` cajjawih dy kgjjga`s ac piapji

crak tni Kghhji Bmis up ta tni prisi`t

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Xni ]by ac Ubg`t Obkis g` Ezien Tipudjge

Xni ]by ac Ut Obkis nbs dii`haeuki`tih g` tni Ezien Tipudjgecrak tni 22tn ta tni 2>tn ei`turgis

Xahby tni ]by gs mbg`g`m papujbrgtytnraumn bssaegbtga`s suen bsYjtrigb* wngen bri warlg`m tarieavir tni b`egi`t pbtns g` tniEzien Tipudjge

Xwa kbg` rautis wiri rieavirih?

tnraumn Danikgb b`h KarbvgbBja`m tni ]by* wi eb` cg`h tnisnijj ac Ut Obkis a` kb`yenurenis b`h ka`uki`ts

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Xni ]by ac Ubg`t Obkis g` Ezien Tipudjge

Xni kbg` rauti tnbt ru`stnraumn Danikgb* dimg`s g`_gttbu* Mirkb`y* b`hpbssis tnraumn UtbrbDajisjbv dicari brrgvg`m g`Vrbmui Crak Vrbmui gtmais ta Sirudy* b`h tni`ta Timi`sdurm g` Mirkb`y

Xni atnir rauti g` tni Ezien

Tipudjge mais tnraumnKarbvgb g` tni `artn* b`htnraumn tni Dislyhykau`tbg`s ta Sijinrbh b`hKglujav

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T l

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Tikbrls Xniri bri atnir rautis g` Vajb`h b`h g` tni Ezien

Tipudjge? saki ac tnik pbss tnraumn Judjg` b`h Jgdirie*dut bri aut ac seapi ac tngs pbpir car wngen wi bpajamgzi

Xngs warl gs tni sergpt crak b vghia bdaut tni ]by ac UtObkis

]i napi yau i`oay gt

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SGHIA