Mtech ECE 2nd Sem

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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF ENGINEERING,

NNSS SAMALKHA GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS01, HATHWALA ROAD, SAMALKHA, DELHI CHANDIGARH ROAD NCR-132115(HR.)

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Academic CalendarB. Tech.S. No. Details Date1. Revision Exercise before 1st sessional Exams - 27th and 28th February, 2014 (Thursday &Friday)2. 1st Sessional Exams (One and half Units) - 03rd 06th March, 2014(Monday to Thursday)1stSessonal Result - 10th March, 2014 (Monday)3. Revision Exercise before 2nd sessional Exams - 17th and 18th April, 2014 (Thursday & Friday)4. 2nd Sessional Exams (Next one & half Units) - 21st 24th April, 2014(Monday to Thursday)5. 2nd Sessonal Result - 28th April, 2014(Monday)6. 3rd Sessional (In class Room)(Full Syllabus) - Respective DepartmentsM. Tech. (CSE, ECE & ME)

S. No. Details Date1. Dissertation Progress Seminar (CSE) - 15th February,2014(Saturday)2. Dissertation Progress Seminar (ECE & ME) - 22nd February, 2014(Saturday)3. 1st Sessional Examination - 15th & 17th March, 2014(Saturday & Monday)4. 2nd Sessional Examination - 25th & 26th April, 2014(Friday & Saturday)BBA & MBA

S. No. Details Date1. 1st Sessional Examination - 28th February, 2014 onwards(Friday onwards)2. 2nd Sessional Examination - 04th April, 2014 onwards(Friday onwards)Farewell Party Schedule

S. No. Department Venue Date1. E. C. E. & E. E. E. SH1/A2 Block 05th April,2014(Saturday)2. B. B. A. SH1/A2 Block 11th April, 2014(Friday)3. M. B. A. SH1/A2 Block 11th April, 2014(Friday)4. C. S. E. SH1/A2 Block 18th April,2014(Saturday)5. M. E. SH1/A2 Block 26th April, 2014(Saturday)Annual Celebrations

S. No. Description Date1. National Science Day - 28th February, 2014 (Friday)2. TECHZEST 2014 - 13th & 14th March, 2014 (Thursday & Friday)3. Sports Day Celebrations - 28th March, 2014 (Friday)Major Project DisplayS. No. Department Venue Date1. M. E. SH1/A2 Block 05th May, 2014(Monday)2. C. S. E. SH1/A2 Block 06th May, 2014(Tuesday)3. E. C. E. & E. E. E. SH1/A2 Block 07th May, 2014(Wednesday)

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List of Holidays for the Calendar year 2014S.No. Name of Holiday Date Day of the week1 Republic Day 26th January SUNDAY2 Basant Panchami 4th February TUESDAY3 Maha Shivratri 27th February THURSDAY4 Holi 17th March MONDAY5 Ram Navmi 8th April TUESDAY6 Raksha Bandhan 10th August SUNDAY7 Independence Day 15th August FRIDAY8 Janmashtmi 18th August MONDAY9 Mahatma Gandhi Birthday 2nd October THURSDAY10 Dusshera 3rd October FRIDAY11 Id-ul-Zuha(Bakrid) 6th October MONDAY12 Diwali 23rd October THURSDAY13 Vishwa Karma Day 24th October FRIDAY14 Haryana Day 1st November SATURDAY15 Guru Nanak Birthday 6th November THURSDAY16 Christmas Day 25th December THURSDAY

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S. No. Contents Page No1. University Scheme(M.Tech ECE 2nd Sem) 22. Scheme and Structure for Teaching Schedule and Examination 33. Information Theory & Coding

3.1. Syllabus 53.2. Lesson Plan 63.3. Assignments (From previous Year Question Papers) 7-10

4. Optical Communication4.1. Syllabus 124.2. Lesson Plan 134.3. Assignments (From previous Year Question Papers) 14-17

5. Wireless Mobile Communication5.1 Syllabus 195.2 Lesson Plan 205.3 Assignments (From previous Year Question Papers) 21-23

6. Satellite Communication6.1 Syllabus 256.2 Lesson Plan 266.3 Assignments (From previous Year Question Papers) 27-29

7. Syllabus of DSP LABORATORY 30

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Scheme and Structure for Teaching Schedule and ExaminationFor M.Tech in Electronics & Communication Engineering

S.No. CourseNo. Subject TeachingSchedule Examination Schedule Duration ofExam.(Hours)L T P Tot.Hrs.Theory /Practical I.A. Total

1. MTEC-2.1 Information Theoryand Coding 3 1 - 4 60 40 100 32. MTEC-2.2 Optical Communication 3 1 - 4 60 40 100 33. MTEC-2.3 Wireless and MobileCommunication 3 1 - 4 60 40 100 34. MTEC-2.4 SatelliteCommunication 3 1 - 4 60 40 100 35. MTEC-2.5 DSP Laboratory - - 2*3 6 60 40 100 4

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Electronics and Communication Engineering

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Information Theory & CodingMTEC 2.1L T P Exams: 603 1 0 Sessionals: 40Time: 3 Hours

Unit- I Basic Concepts of Information Theory:A measure of uncertainty, binary sources, measure of information for two-dimensional discretefinite provability scheme, noise characteristics of channel, Basic relationship among differententropies, Measure of mutual information channel capacity. Capacity of channel with symmetricnoise structure BSC and BEC.Unit 2: Elements of EncodingPurpose of encoding separable binary codes, Shannon Fanon encoding. Noiseless coding theoremof decidability, MC Millens Theorem, Average length of encoding message, Shannons Binaryencoding, Fundamental Theorem of discrete Noiseless coding, Huffmans Minimum Redundancycodes.Coding for reliable Digital Transmission of Storage:Introduction, types f codes, Modulation and derriodulation, Maximum likelihood decoding, types oferror, error control strategies.Unit 3: Introduction to Algebra:Groups, Fields binary field Arithmetic, construction of Galois Field GF (2m), Basic properties ofGalois Field GF (2m), Vector Spacer, MatricesLinear Block Codes:Introduction to Linear Block Codes, Syndrome and Error detection, Minimum distance of blockcode, error detecting and error correcting capabilities of block codes Hamming Code.Cyclic Codes:Description of Cyclic codes, Generator and parity check matrices of cyclic codes, encoding of cycliccodes Syndrome computation & error detection decoding of cyclic codes, Error trapping decodingof cyclic codes, Goley codes.Unit-4: BCH Codes:Description of codes, Decoding of BCH codes, implementation of Galoes Fields Arithmetic,Implementation of error correction.Convolutional codes:Encoding of convolution codes, structural properties of convolution codes. Distance properties ofconventional codes, distance properties of convolutional codes, Maximum likelihood decoding ofconvolutional codesAutomatic repeat request Strategies: Stop and wait go back and selective repeat ARQ strategies,Hybrid ARQ Schemes.Books:1. F. M. Reza: information theory. McGraw Hill.2. ShuLin & J co#steib: Error control Coding, PHI3. Dass, Mullick & Chatterjee: Digital Communication, John Wiley; Ed. 1992.

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Lesson PlanInformation Theory & Coding

MTEC 2.1Unit Contents Lect. No.

1 A measure of uncertainty, binary sources 1measure of information for two-dimensional discrete finite provability scheme 2noise characteristics of channel, Basic relationship among different entropies, 3,4Measure of mutual information channel capacity 5Capacity of channel with symmetric noise structure BSC and BEC. 6,72

Purpose of encoding separable binary codes, Shannon Fano encoding. 8Noiseless coding theorem of decidability,MC Millens Theorem 9Average length of encoding message, Shannons Binary encoding 10Fundamental Theorem of discrete Noiseless coding,Huffmans MinimumRedundancy codes. 11,12Introduction, types of codes 13Modulation and derriodulation 14Maximum likelihood decoding 15types of error 16error control strategies. 173

Introduction to Linear Block Codes,Syndrome and Error detection 18Minimum distance of block code, 19error detecting and error correcting capabilities of block codes 20Hamming. Code. Description of Cyclic codes 21Generator and parity check matrices of cyclic codes 22encoding of cyclic codes Syndrome computation & error detectiondecoding of cyclic codes 23Error trapping decoding of cyclic codes,Goley codes. 24

4

Introduction to Linear Block Codes,Syndrome and Error detection 25Minimum distance of block code, 26error detecting and error correcting capabilities of block codes 27Description of codes,Decoding of BCH codes, 28implementation of Galoes Fields Arithmetic, 29Implementation of error correction,Encoding of convolution codes 30structural properties of convolution codes. Distance properties ofconventional codes 31distance properties of convolutional codes, Maximum likelihood decodingof convolutional codes. 32Automatic repeat request Strategies: Stop and wait go back and selectiverepeat ARQ strategies, Hybrid ARQ Schemes. 33Suggested Books:1 F. M. Reza: information theory. McGraw Hill.

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2 ShuLin & J co#steib: Error control Coding, PHI3 Dass, Mullick & Chatterjee: Digital Communication, John Wiley; Ed. 1992.Information Theory & Coding

(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 1Q1. Write the basic relationship among different Entropies and Explain in brief how mutualinformation channel capacity can be measured.

MT/J08Q2. What do you mean by word CHANNEL CAPACITY? Derive the expression for the channelcapacity for the symmetric noise structure BSC. MT/J08Q3. Define the mutual information and channel capacity of a discrete memoryless channel.0 1-p 0 MT/J08pX Yp1 1For the binary symmetric channel with transition probability p, derive the channel capacity; sketcha graph of the channel capacity against the transition probability.Q4. Consider a noisy analog communication channel of bandwidth, which is perturbed by additivewhite Gaussian noise whose power spectral density is N0. Continuous signals are transmittedacross such a channel, with average transmitted power p (defined by their expected variance).What is the channel capacity, in bits per second, of such a channel?

MT/J08Q5. Explain BSC & BEC. MT-2/JXQ6. Explain the Measure of mutual information channel capacity. MT-2/JXInformation Theory & Coding

(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 2Q.1 Explain the Capacity of channel with symmetric noise structure BSC and BEC. MT-

2/JXQ.2 Explain the Noise characteristics of channel. MT-2/JXQ3. Give relation between different entropies with proof. MT-2/JXQ4. A binary channel has following noise characteristicsIf the input symbols are transmitted with respective probabilities of and find H(x)H(y).

MT-2/JXQ.5 Give a short note on separable binary codes. MT2/JX

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Q.6 Given a set of messages with their probabilities:[M]= [m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6][P]= [1/8, 1/16, 3/16, , 3/8]Obtain the Shannon binary code for the message and determine the efficiency.MT-2/JX

Information Theory & Coding(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 3Q1. What are the different encoding techniques? Explain Shannons Binary encoding techniquewith the help of one example.

MT/J08Q2. What are the basic requirements for the reliable digital transmission and storage? ExplainMaximum Likelihood (ML) decoding technique.MT/J08Q3. Explain the fundamental theorem of discrete noiseless code.

MT/J08Q4. Prove that the information measure is additive: the information gained from observing thecombination independent events, whose probabilities are pi for i=1 is the sum of the informationgained from observing each of these events separately and in any order.MT/J08Q5. An alphabet has six symbols with the following probability occurrence:a b c d e f0.31 0.18 0.21 0.08 0.17 0.05

(a) Construct an optimal prefix code (a Huffman code) for alphabet.(b) What is the average number of bits per symbol in your data?(c) Is this greater than, less than, or equal to the entropy of alphabet.MT/J08Q6. Explain Huffmans Minimum Redundancy codes. MT/J08

Information Theory & Coding(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 4Q1. What is modulo addition? Give characteristics of Galois field GF (m). MT-2/JXQ2. Explain the Hamming code and its significance. MT-2/JXQ3. The generator polynomial of a (7, 4) cyclic code is g(x) = 1 + x + x3. Find the 16 words of thiscord.

MT/J08Q4. Write a short note on any of two following:-

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(a) Basic properties of Galois field(b) Construction of Galois field(c) Goley code MT/J08Q5. Give short on separable Gray codes. MT-2/JXQ6. Explain Mc-Milan Theorem. MT-2/JXInformation Theory & Coding

(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 5Q1. Consider the binary block code C composed of the following code words:C= {(00100), (10010), (01001), (11111)}(a) What is the number of information bits, k?(b) What is the number of parity check bits, c?(c) What is the minimum distance of this code?(d) What is the maximum weight of which the detection of all the patterns is guaranteed?(e) What is the maximum weight for which the correction of all error patterns is guaranteed?(f) Is the code linear? Prove your answer. MT/J08Q2. Give the brief description of cyclic codes and how the parity check matrix can be generated forthe cyclic codes.Q3. Write the basic properties of Galois field GF (2m). MT/J08Q4. Explain in brief linear block codes with the error correction detection capabilities. MT/J08Q5. Explain error detecting and error correcting capabilities of block codes. MT-2/JXQ6. Explain the Minimum distance of block code. MT-

2/JXInformation Theory & Coding

(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 6Q1. What are linear block codes? What is the minimum distance in block codes? How error isdetected and corrected in block codes?

MT/J07Q2. Write short notes on the following:(i) Construction of Galois Field GF (2m)(ii) Goley Codes MT/J07Q3. In conventional codes, describe encoding, structural properties and distance properties.MT/J07Q4. Explain BCH codes with the implementation of Galois Fields Arithmetic error correction.MT/J08Q5. What are the different Automatic Repeat Request Strategies? Explain Hybrid ARQ scheme indetail.MT/J08Q6. Explain the Distance properties of conventional codes. MT/J08

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Information Theory & Coding(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 7Q1. Explain the encoding of convolution codes Explain with the help of example. MT/M09Q2. Write short notes on automatic repeat request strategies (ARRS). MT/M09Q3. Describe the BCH codes and how the error detection is done in BCH codes? MT/M09Q4. Explain BCH codes with the implementation of Galois Fields Arithmetic error correction.

MT/J08Q5. What are the different Automatic Repeat Request Strategies? MT/J08Q6. Explain the Distance properties of conventional codes. MT-2/JX

Information Theory & Coding(MTEC-2.1)Assignment 8Q1. Explain ARQ techniques in detail. MT-2/JXQ2. Explain convolution coding with suitable example. MT-

2/JXQ3. Explain distance properties of convolution codes. MT-2/JXQ4. Explain go back and selective repeat ARQ strategies? What are the probability properties?Q5. Explain Hybrid ARQ scheme in detail. MT-2/J07Q6. What is the difference between structural properties and distance properties of convolutioncodes?MT/M09

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Electronics and Communication EngineeringOptical Communication

MTEC 2.2L T P Exams: 603 1 0 Sessionals: 40Time: 3 HoursUnit 1 Introduction:Advantage of optical fiber communication, Elements of fiber communication link Ray theory andelectromagnetic mode theory for optical propagation, step index and graded index fiber numericalaperture.Optical Fiber:Attenuation, Absorption, Linear and non linear scattering losses, Dispersion, overall fiberdispersion, polarization, fiber bending losses, multimode step index and graded index fiber, singlemode fiber, plastic clad and all plastic fibers, optical fibers cables, Dopped fiber amplifier,dispersion shifted and dispersion flattered fibers, practical fiber profiles.Unit-2: Optical Sources:Basic concepts; LED for optical communication, Burrus type double hetro structure, surfaceemitting LEDs, shape geometry, Edge emitting LEDs LED to fiber Launch system semiconductorlaser theory, modulation ad characteristics, Fabry- Perot lasers quantum will and distributedfeedback lasers.Photo Detectors:P-I-N Photo diodes: Theory and their characteristics Avalanche Photo detectors. Theory and theirbandwidth noise in APD.Unit-3: Optical fiber communication systems:Optical transmitter circuit; LED and laser drive of optical circuit, structure, preamplifier, AGCequalization, optical power budge loading, Analog systems; analog modulation, Direct modulation,Sub carrier mode Distribution system, optical TDMK, Sub Carrier multiplexing, WDM.Unit- 4: coherent Systems:Coherent receivers, homody ne and heterodyne detection, noise in receiver, polarization control,Homodyne receiver, reusability and laser linewidth, Heterodyne receiver, Synchronous,Asynchronous and self synchronous demodulation, phase diversity receiver.Books:John Grover: Optical communication System, PHI.Gerd Keiser: Optical Fiber Communication, 2nd Ed. Tata Mc Graw-HillFranz Jh & Jain VK, Optical Communication, Narosa Pub.

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Lesson PlanOptical Communication

MTECH -2.2Unit Contents Lect.No.

1

Advantage of optical fiber communication 1Elements of fiber communication link Ray theory and electromagnetic modetheory for optical propagation, 2,3step index and graded index fiber numerical aperture. 4Attenuation, Absorption,Linear and non linear scattering losses 5,6Dispersion, overall fiber dispersion 7polarization, fiber bending losses 8multimode step index and graded index fiber, 9single mode fiber, plastic clad and all plastic fibers 10optical fibers cables, Dopped fiber amplifier 11dispersion shifted and dispersion flattered fibers, practical fiber profiles 12,13

2Basic concepts; LED for optical communication 14Burrus type double hetro structure, surface emitting LEDs 15shape geometry, Edge emitting LEDs LED to fiber Launch system semiconductorlaser theory 16,17modulation ad characteristics, Fabry- Perot lasers quantum will and distributedfeed back lasers 18,19P-I-N Photo diodes: Theory and their characteristics 20Avalanche Photo detectors,Theory and their bandwidth noise in APD. 21,22

3Optical transmitter circuit; LED and laser drive of optical circuit 23structure, preamplifier, AGC equalization, optical power budge loading, 24,25Analog systems; analog modulation, Direct modulation, Sub carrier modeDistribution system 26,27optical TDMK, Sub Carrier multiplexing, WDM. 28

4 Coherent receivers, homody ne and heterodyne detection, 29,30noise in receiver, polarization control, Homodyne receiver, reusability and laserlinewidth, 31,32

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Heterodyne receiver, Synchronous, Asynchronous and self synchronousdemodulation 33,34phase diversity receiver. 35Suggested Books:1 Optical comm. By:- john m. senior2 John Grover: Optical communication System, PHI.3 Gerd Keiser: Optical Fiber Communication, 2nd Ed. Tata Mc Graw-Hill

OPTICAL COMMUNICATION(MTEC-2.2)

Assignment 1Q.1 (a) Make a Block diagram of Optical Fiber communication system.State the advantages ofOptical Fiber communication system(b)Obtain an expression for the Numerical aperture of Optical Fiber communication system. MT-2/M05Q.2 Describe the working principle of Cellular Telephone Systems. Also explain how a cellulartelephone call is made MT-2/M06Q.3 Explain A-Microcell Tone Concept .Also writes its advantages. MT2/M06Q.4 Explain in detail: - Co-channel Interference & System Capacity MT-2/JXQ.5 Describe the various Practical Hand-off considerations. MT-2/M05Q.6 Explain (i) Trucking(ii)Grade of service


Assignment 2Q.1 (a) Using Ray Theory, Explain the working of an Optical Fiber.(b) In a Bandwidth hungry communication system optical fibers are ideal choice.Expain.MT-2/M09Q.2 Calculate the Numerical aperture of a steps index fiber having n1=1.48 and n2=1.46.what isthe maximum entrance angle for this fiber if the outer medium is air with n=1.00? MT-

3/M06Q.3Expain the difference between absorption and scattering process as they determine theattenuation of optical power propagating in fibers. Outline the principle mechanism involved ineach case and indicate their relative importance in different types of fibers and at different opticalwave length. MT-3/M06Q.4 Discuss Dispersion Mechanisms with regard to single fibers. Hence describe how infra modaldispersion may be minimized within single-mode region. MT-2/M05Q.5 Explain the following terms:-(a) Chromatic Dispersion (b) Polarized mode Dispersion (c) EDFA (d) Non linear scattering.MT-2/JX Q.6 (a) Inwide area networks long wave length laser sources are used. Why?

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(b) Discuss the bending and Dispersion losses in fibers. MT-2/M09OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

(MTEC-2.2)Assignment 3Q.1 List the properties of LED Sources. Compare them with LASER. MT-2/JXQ.2 Why LASER sources are more suitable for long hand communications. MT-2/JXQ.3 Draw a Semiconductor LASER and explain its operation principle. MT-

2/JXQ.4 Draw a Hetero junction LED and explain its operation principle. MT-2/JXQ.5 Compare the characteristics of APD with PIN diodes. MT-2/JXQ.6 Discuss in detail the Fabry-perot Lasers. MT-2/M06


Assignment 4Q1. Discuss the structure and features of a Burrus type LED. MT-2/M06Q2. Distinguish between a photo-diode and p-i-n diode. Which one is popular with OpticalCommunication System? MT-2/M09Q3. Describe PIN photodiode and discuss its characteristics. . MT-2/M06Q4. Briefly Outline the strip geometry edge emmiting and LED designs. MT-2/M06Q5. What is Quantum Well? Distinguish single and double hetero structures. MT-2/M06Q6. Briefly Describe the following:-(i) Edge emitting LED(ii) Distributed Feedback LASER MT-2/M05OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

(MTEC-2.2)Assignment 5Q.1 what are the requirements of a source for optical fiber communication? Discuss how LED andLASER diode meet these requirements.

MT-2/M05Q.2 (a) Explain the operational principle of WDM.(b) Discuss the function of Preamplifiers and AGC Equalizers in optical receivers circuit.MT-2/M06Q.3 An optical fiber system is to be designed to operate over 8 km length without repeaters. Therise time of the components selected is;Source (LED) - 8 nsFiber (Intermodal) 5 ns Km-1Intramode - 1 ns per KmDetecyor (p-i-n) 6 ns

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From the system rise time considerations Estimate the maximum bit rate may be achieved onthe optical fiber link using NRZ pulse format. MT-2/M05Q4 Write a short note on:-(a)Sub carrier mode Distribution system(b) Optical power budges loading MT/M09Q.5 What is SCM? What are their advantages? How sub carrier system modulation is achieved?MT-2/JXQ.6 Explain LED and laser drive of optical circuit. MT-2/JX


Assignment 6Q.1 what are Analog systems? How will you define analog modulation? And explain the uses ofFrequency modulation with sub carrier? MT-2/M06Q.2 Discuss the major considerations in the design of digital drive circuits for:-(a) A LED source (b) an injection LASER source. MT-2/JXQ.3 A Direct Intensely modulated optical fiber link of length 2 Km employs an LED which launchesmean optical power of -10 dBm into a multimode optical fiber. The fiber cable exhibits a loss of 3.5dB per Km with average splice losses of 0.7dB per km and loss at receiver of 1.6 dB. The p-i-nphotodiode receiver has a sensitivity of -2.5 dB for an SNR of 50 dB with modulation index 0.5. It isestimated that a safety margin of 4 dB is required.(i) Perform an optical power budget for the system operating under the condition and ascertainits viability.(ii) Estimate any possible increase in link length if a laser source which launches mean opticalpower of 0 dBm into the fiber cable keeping a system margin of 7 dB.MT-2/M05Q.4 Explain following:-(i)WDM & DWDM(ii) Indirect modulation of LASER(iii) Direct modulation of LASER MT-2/JX Q.5.Define the Quantum efficiency and the responsivity of a photodector.Derive an expression forresponsivity of a photodector in terms of Quantum efficiency of device. MT-2/M05Q.6 Discuss various noise mechanisms in photodectors and hence define:-(i) NEP. (ii) Minimum Detectable Power. (iii) Short noise limited SNR. MT-2/M05.

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Assignment 7Q1. Discuss the features of homodyne and heterodyne detection system. List their advantages anddifficulties. MT/M09Q2. Write a short note on Self Synchronous Demodulation. MT/M09Q3. Explain the following:-(i)Laser Linewidth(ii) Coherent Receivers MT-2/JXQ4. Write a short note on Polarization Control. MT-2/JX Q5.Describe in detail Asynchronous and Self synchronous demodulation. MT-2/M06Q6. Discuss the Noise in Receivers. MT-2/M06


Assignment 8Q1. Write a short note on Phase diversity receiver. MT/M09Q2. Write a short note on Synchronous and Asynchronous demodulation. MT-2/JXQ3. Discuss the following in coherent receivers:-(i)Homodyne & Heterodyne detection(ii) Noise in receivers MT-2/M06Q4. Explain the following:-(i) Laser linewidth(ii)Polarization control MT-2/JXQ5. Name the technique to control the state of polarization in coherent optical communicationsystem and briefly describe these techniques. MT-2/M05Q6. Outline the rationale behind the pursuit of coherent optical system. Indicates the majorproblems encountered in the realization of coherent optical transmission and briefly describe theways in which they have been overcome.MT-2/M05

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Electronics and Communication EngineeringWireless Mobile Communication

MTEC 2.3L T P Exams: 603 1 0 Sessionals: 40Time: 3 HoursUnit 1: Mobile Radio system: Introduction to mobile radio system, Paging systems, cordlesstelephone system, Cellular telephone systems- Cellular concept, frequency reuse, channelassignment strategies, interference and system capacity, trucking and grade of service, cellsplitting, sectoring, microcell zone concept, HO strategies.Unit 2: Mobile Radio Propagation : mechanism, free space path loss, long distance path lossmodels, Okukara model, PCS model, Wideband model, Multipath characteristics of radio waves,signal fading, time dispersion, Doppler spread, coherence time LCR, fading statistics, diversitytechniques.Unit3: SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION: Introduction to spread spectrumcommunication, multiple access techniques used in mobile wireless communication: FDMA / TDM/ CDMA, Cellular CDMA, packet radio protocols, CDMA, reservation protocols, capacity of cellularCDMA, soft HO.Unit4: WIRELESS SYSTEMS: Wireless systems and standards GSM standard signaling and callcontrol, mobility management location tracing, wireless data networking ,packet error mode lineon fading channels, performance analysis of link and transport layer protocols over wirelessprotocols over wireless channels, mobile data networking (mobile IP) , wireless data services, IS-95,GPRS.Books:1. W.C.Jakes: microwave Mobile Communication, IEEE Press2. T.s. Rappaport: wireless Communication: Principles, Prentice Hall 19963. William C.y.Lee: Mobile Cellular Telecommunications, Analog and Digital systems, McGraw hill 19954. Kaveh Pahlavan & Allen H. Levesque: Wireless Information Networks, Wiley series inTelecommunications and signal processing.5. Karnilo Feher: Wireless Digital Communications, Modulation and Spread Spectrum Applications.PHI, 2001

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Lesson PlanWireless Mobile Communication

Mtech 2.3Unit Contents Lect. No.

1Mobile Radio system: Introduction to mobile radio system, Paging systems, cordlesstelephone system, 1Cellular telephone systems- Cellular concept, frequency reuse 2,3channel assignment strategies, interference and system capacity 4trucking and grade of service, cell splitting, sectoring, 5,6microcell zone concept, HO strategies 7

2Radio Propagation : mechanism, free space path loss 8long distance path loss models, Okukara model 9PCS model, Wideband model 10,11Multipath characteristics of radio waves, signal fading, time dispersion 12,13Doppeler spread, coherence time LCR, 14fading statistics, diversity techniques. 15,16

3 Introduction to spread spectrum communication, 17multiple access techniques used in mobile wireless communication: FDMA / TDM / CDMA 18,19Cellolar CDMA, packet radio protocols, CDMA 20,21reservation protocols 22capacity of cellular CDMA, soft HO. 234

Wireless systems and standards GSM standard signaling and call control, 24packet error mode line on fading channels 25performance analysis of link and transport layer protocols over wireless protocols overwireless channels, 26mobile data networking (mobile IP) , wireless data services 27IS-95,GPRS. 28Suggested Books:1 T.s. Rappaport: wireless Communication: Priaciples, Prentice2 W.C.Jakes: microwave Mobile Communication,IEEE Press3 Kaveh Pahlavan & Allen H. Levesque : Wireless Information Networks,

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Wireless Mobile Communication(MTEC-2.3)

Assignment 1Q1. (a) Using a suitable block diagram explain the working principle of a paging system.Alsomention the rate of data transfer & RF bandwidth requirements. MT-2/M05(b) Discuss the various factors which limit the capacity of a cellular system. MT-2/M05Q2. Describe the working principle of Cellular Telephone Systems. Also explain how a cellulartelephone call is made MT-2/M06Q3. Explain A-Microcell Tone Concept .Also write its advantages. MT-2/M06Q4. Explain in detail: - Co-channel Interference & System Capacity MT-2/JXQ5. Describe the various Practical Hand-off considerations. MT-2/M05Q6. Explain (i) Trucking(ii)Grade of service


Assignment 2Q.1 Define the following terms;-(i) Roamer (ii) Hand off (iii) Control channel (iv) Reverse channel (v) FVC (vi) FCC. MT-2/M06Q.2 Explain (i) cell splitting(Ii) Sectoring MT-2/M06Q.3 Prove that for a hexagonal geometry, the co-channel reuse ratio is given by Q = 3N,whereN=i2+ij+j2. Hint: Use the cosine law and the hexagonal cell geometry. MT-2/JXQ.4 Explain Mobile radio system & Also Channel Assignment strategies. MT-2/M05Q.5 What do you mean by Hand-off strategies? Also Explain its Types. MT-2/M05 Q.6 Show that the frequency reuse factor for a cellular system is given by k/s, where I isthe average number of channels per cell and s is the total number of channels available to thecellular service provider.

MT-2/M05Wireless Mobile Communication

(MTEC-2.3)Assignment 3Q.1 Explain the following propagation models:-(i) Wideband PCS Microcell Model (ii) Okumara Model. MT-2/M06Q.2 Explain the different factors affecting the small scale fading. Derive an expression for DopplerShift.

MT-2/M05Q.3Explain fading Concept. Explain all Types of the Small Scale fading MT-2/M05Q.4 A vehicle receives a 900 MHz tramission while travelling at a constant velocity for 10s.Theaverage fade duration for a signal level 10 db below the rms level is 1 ms.How far does the vehicletravel during the 10s interval ? How many fades does the signal undergo at the rms threshold level

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during a 10s interval? Assume that the local mean remains constant during travel.MT-2/M06Q.5 Explain Coherence Time. What is the relationship between Doppler spread & Coherence Time?

MT-2/JXQ.6 Explain Multipath characteristics of radio waves and signal fading. MT-2/JX

` Wireless Mobile Communication(MTEC-2.3)

Assignment 4Q.1 Explain the following terms in the context of space diversity reception;-(i) Selection diversity (ii) feedback diversity (iii) Maximum ratio combining (iv) Equal gaindiversityMT-2/M06Q.2 Show that the probability density function for short term fading is given by Rayleighdistribution. Find the corresponding cumulative distribution function.

MT-2/JXQ.3 Explain Mechanism of Mobile Radio Propagation & Also long distance path loss modelsQ.4 Discuss Selection diversity in detail and show that average SNR improvement by M branchMSelection diversity combiner is 1/k. MT-2/JXK=1.Q.5 Explain the Time Dispersion & Also Doppler spread. MT-2/JXQ.6 Describe the following outdoor & indoor propagation Models:-(i) Hata Model(ii) Ericsson multiple Breakpoint Model(iii) Attenuation Factor Model MT-2/M05Wireless Mobile Communication

(MTEC-2.3)Assignment 5Q1. Analytically prove that radio capacity of CDMA is greater than that of FDMA & TDMA.

MT-2/M06.Q2. Explain Multiple Access Techniques? Also Show that the slotted ALOHA provides maximumchannel channel utilization double that of ALOHA . MT-2/M06Q3. Derive an expression for the capacity of cellular CDMA. What is processing gain? Can it beused to increase the CDMA capacity? MT-2/M06Q4. Explain the following:-(i) Capture effect in packet Radio (ii) CSMA protocols. . MT-2/M05.\Q5. In CDMA communication system the chip rate is 1.2288Mchip/sec and the bit rate is 9.6 kbps.If Eb/No is taken to be 6.8db, what is the average number of users in the system? MT-2/JXQ6. Explain Reservation protocols and also packet radio protocols. MT-2/JX

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Assignment 6Q.1Expain hand off process with the help of neat diagram .Differentiate between soft handoff &hard handoff MT-2/JXQ.2 Difference between direct sequence and frequency hopped CDMA systems. Find the capacity ofa DS-CDMA system containing K users. It is given that system is interference limited rather thannoise limited. MT-2/JXQ.3 Assume a conventional CDMA communication system with 12 users. Give Reasons whyorthogonally between users signals may be lost. Consider both the uplink & Downlink. MT-2/JXQ.4 Explain following multiple Access Techniques:-(i)FDMA (ii) FHMA (iii) CDMA (iv) TDMA MT-2/M05Q.5 What do u means by CDMA systems and explain its Types with Dia. MT-2/M05Q.6 Explain the following:-(i) Capture effect in packet Radio (ii) FHMA protocols. MT-2/M05. . Wireless Mobile Communication

(MTEC-2.3)Assignment 7Q.1 Using a suitable Block diagram Explain GSM System Architecture. MT-2/M05Q2. Sketch the Architecture of DECT. Compare its performance with a typical cellular system.Architecture. MT-2/M05Q3. Write the salient features of frequency and channel specification for IS-95. MT-

2/M05Q4. What is meant by mobility Management /? How it is achieved in 2nd & 3rd Generation wirelesscommunication systems? MT-2/JXQ5. Explain performance analysis of link and transport layer protocols over wireless protocolsover wireless channels.Q6. Explain packet error mode line on fading channels. MT-2/JXWireless Mobile Communication

(MTEC-2.3)Assignment 8Q.1 Discuss briefly:-(i) GSM Traffic Channels.(ii) GSM control channels.(iii) Frame structure of GSM(iv) Speech processing in GSM MT-2/JXQ.2 Explain GPRS in Detail. MT-2/JXQ.3 Explain location traking, & wireless data networking. MT-2/M06Q.4 Write technical notes on the following:-(i) Mobile IP (ii) GPRS. MT-2/M06Q.5 writes technical notes on the following(i) GSM System Architecture. (ii) IS-95. MT-2/M05Q.6 Expain following(i) Call control,(ii) Mobility management MT-2/M05

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Electronics and Communication EngineeringSatellite Communication

MTEC 2.4(i)L T P Exams: 603 1 0 Sessionals: 40Time: 3 HoursUnit 1: Introduction: Satellite communication, Brief History, Orbits of satellite: Low, medium and geo-synchronous main characteristics, Angle period, Returning period, Angle of Evaluation, Propagation Delay,Orbital spacing.Unit 2: Satellite Links: Delay transponder, Earth Stations, Antennas and Earth Coverage, Altitude andeclipses.Unit 3: Earth space propagation effects: Frequency window, Free space loss, Atmospheric absorption,Rainfall Attenuation, Inospheric scintillatin, Telemetry, Tracking and command of satellites.Detection: QPSK offset QPSK and MSK, Coherent and non-coherent detection, error rate performance.Unit4: Synchronization: Principle and techniques, Multiple Access Techniques, FDMA SPADE system,TDMA system, Concept and configuration, system timing frames format, SSMA Basu Principles, VSAT,Random Access, space communication, link design description of operational in TELSAT and INSAT system.Books: 1. J. Martin : Communication Satellite System, PH Englewood2. D.C. Aggarwal: Satellite Communication, Khanna Pub.3. Tri ha Digital Satellite Communication Tata Mc Graw Hill4. Harry and Vam Trees: Satellite Communication, IEEE Proceeding, 1979.

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Lesson PlanSATELLITE COMMUNICATION

MTEC 2.4

Unit Contents Lect. No.

1Introduction: Satellite communication,Brief History 1Orbits of satellite: Low, medium and geo-synchronous main characteristics 2Angle period, Returning period 3Angle of Evaluation, Propagation Delay 4,5Orbital spacing. 6

2 Satellite Links: Delay transponder 7Earth Stations 8Antennas and Earth Coverage 9Altitude and eclipses. 103

Earth space propagation effects 11Frequency window, 12Free space loss 13Rainfall Attenuation 14Inospheric scintillatin 15Telemetry 16Tracking and command of satellites 174

Synchronization: Principle and techniques 18FDMA SPADE system 19TDMA system, Concept and configuration 20system timing frames format, SSMA Basu Principles 21VSAT, Random Access, space communication, 22,23link design description of operational in TELSAT and INSAT system. 24Suggested Books:1 J. Martin : Communication Satellite System, PH Englewood2 D.C. Aggarwal: Satellite Communication, Khanna Pub.3 Tri ha Digital Satellite Communication Tata Mc Graw Hill

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Satellite Communication(MTEC-2.4)

Assignment 1Q1. Explain the difference of following terms in the context of satellite communication:(i) Active and Passive Satellite(ii) Geostationary and geo-synchronous satelliteMT/J08Q2. What is meant by station keeping of satellite? Explain its significance and also the methods ofachieve it. What are E-W and N-S station keeping? MT/J08Q3. Explain the spin stabilization and the three axis body stabilization of satellite.MT/J08Q4. Discuss the usefulness of an antenna in satellite communication. MT/M-12Q5. What are the orbital parameters required to determine the satellites orbit? Name and explainthem. MT/J08Q6. What is meant by look angles? Explain them with reference to a geostationary satellite andearth station.

MT/J08Satellite Communication

(MTEC-2.4)Assignment 2Q1. Prove that for covering the globe three satellites would be sufficient.`MT/M-11Q2. Why uplink frequency is different than the downlink frequency? Which one is higher? Alsogive reasons for it.

MT/M-11Q3. Explain the spin stabilization and the three axis body stabilization of satellite. MT/M-11Q4. Given a satellite altitude and described illumination spot diameter on the earths surface,simulate the antenna aperture and the maximum gain to give the desired spot diameter.MT/M-12Q5. Two earth stations at a distance of 200 km are communicating through a geostationarysatellite.Calculate the propagation delay for a signal transmitted from one station to another. MT/M-11Q6. Explain following terms:-(i)Angle of Evolution.(ii) Orbital spacing. MT/M-12


Assignment 3Q1. What kind of antenna systems is being used in satellite communication sub-system? What isthe multiple beam technique? What precautions are taken in mounting the antennas on spinstabilized body fixed satellites?MT/J08Q2. A satellite system consists of 1000 units in series configuration and the failure rate of each unitis 0.48% per 1000 hours. Calculate the system reliability. If desired reliability is 1000 hours is

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0.98, determine what failure rate would be required of the components?MT/M-12Q3. Using suitable block diagram explain the working principle of 'Transponder'.MT/M-11Q4. Explain the working principle of an 'Earth Station'.MT/M-11Q5. What do you mean by Delay Transponder and how it is useful in satellite links?MT/M-12Q6. Explain features and characteristics of Earth Coverage system. MT/J08


Assignment 4Q 1. Explain the working of 'Thermal Control sub-system'. What kind of thermal control sub-systems are being used in satellite?MT/M-11Q 2. Explain the significance of 'altitude' and 'eclipses' in the context of satellite link. MT/M-11Q3. Discuss how earth stations works .What is its importance? How it helps in satellitecommunication?MT/M-12Q4. What do you mean by altitude and eclipses? Discuss its importance in satellite communication?

MT/M-12Q5. Using block dia and explain the working principal of Transponder? MT/J08Q6. Using block dia and explain the working principal of Earth station? MT/J08Satellite Communication

(MTEC-2.4)Assignment 5Q1. Which modulator uses non-coherent detection? With the help of block diagram describe therealization of non-coherent detectors. MT-2/JXQ2. Discuss in your words as to how the solar eclipse affects the working of satellitecommunication?

MT-2/JXQ3. Explain the duration and month, when solar eclipse is maximum? MT-2/JXQ4. Explain the following:(i) Rainfall attenuation.(ii) Atmospheric absorption. MT/M-11Q5. Using suitable block diagram explain the generation and detection of QPSK signals.MT/M-11Q6. Explain Telemetry, tracking and command (TTC) sub-system. MT/M-11

Satellite Communication

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(MTEC-2.4)Assignment 6Q1. Using block diagram and explain the Generation and Detection of MSK signals?

MT/J08Q2. Explain rain induced attenuation and effect on its satellite communication links. MT-2/JXQ3. Critically examine to prove whether ionization scintillation is boon or brane for satellitecommunication. MT-2/JXQ4. Explain Coherent and Non-Coherent Detection? MT/M-12Q5. Explain Tracking and Command of satellites? MT/M-12Q6. Explain the following;-(i) Free space loss MT/J08


Assignment 7Q1. What do you understand by a coherent receiver? MT/J08Q2. What are the sources of noise in receivers?MT/J08Q3. What is the importance of polarization control in receivers?MT/J08Q4. Distinguish between synchronous and asynchronous demodulation. List their advantages.

MT/J08Q5.Using suitable diagrams explain the working principle of SPADE system. MT/M-11Q6.Using suitable diagrams explain the working principle of TDMA system. MT/M-11Satellite Communication

(MTEC-2.4)Assignment 8Q1.In FDMA system, frequency band selection may be fixed or assigned when demanded. Describethe difference between the two schemes. What actions must be taken to prevent carrier cross talk?

MT/M-12Q2. What does a TDMA frame consists of? Describe it briefly? MT-2/JXQ3. How does demand assignment improve the efficiency? Discuss various types of demandassignment? MT-2/JXQ4. Explain link Design of TELSAT? MT/J08Q5. What are the advantages of VSAT networks over terrestrial networks? MT-2/JXQ6. Write short notes on the following:MT/M-11(a) VSAT.(b) CSMA.

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Master of Technology (Electronics & Communication Engineering)DSP LABORATORY

MTEC 2.5L T P Exam : 600 0 6 Sessional: 40

Time : 3 HoursExperiment List1. Familiarization with some MATLAB commands used in DSP Lab.2. Computation of FFT and IDFT of given sequences and verifying the results by actualcalculations.3. Using MATLAB design Butterworth Filter for given specifications:(i) Find minimum order of the filter for the given specifications.(ii) Design analog filter to satisfy specifications.(iii) Obtain frequency response of the designed analog filter.4. Using MATLAB design Chebyshev Type-I filter to satisfy given specifications and verify theresult by manual design of analog filter and discrediting it using bilinear transformation ofMA TLAB.5. Using MATLAB design Chebyshev Type-II filter to satisfy given specifications and verify itby manual design & observe response on spectrum analyzer..6. Study of window characteristics of Rectangular, Triangular, Hamming and Kaiser Windowsfor various parameters using win tool.7. Design FIR filter for given specifications using Hamming and Kaiser Windows using fdatooland verifying the results manually & observe response on spectrum analyzer.8. Using MATLAB discretizes the Butterworth filter designed in Expt 3. Byi) Impulse Invariance techniqueii) Bilinear techniqueiii) Manually obtained Butterworth Filter of expt 3 and discretize it by Impulseinvariance & bilinear techniques using MATLAB & compare the results withabove9. To study spreading & dispreading using additive white Gaussian noise generator &frequency offset on a CDMA trainer.10. To study spreading & dispreading using external NRZ on board data.11. To study different types of Antenna.

Mtech ECE 2nd Sem

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