MSP in Portugal - IUEM

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MSPinPortugal

JOSÉGUERREIRO

FACULTYOFSCIENCESOFTHEUNIVERSITYOFLISBON/FCIENCIASID

MARE-MARINEANDENVIRONMENTALSCIENCESCENTRE

Brazil,UniversidadeFederaldePernambucoFeb.4-5,2019

PORTUGUESEMARITIMESPACE

Extendedcontinentalshelf

EEZ

Inlandwaters

Territorialsea

Contiguouszone

NationalTerritory:From1,700,000Km2To

4000000Km2 Ma r i t ime Spa cesuperior to TerrestrialSpace: 18 times thecountrysize.With the extension ofthe continental shelf,it will be 40 timesb i g g e r t h e n t h ecountrysize.9 7 % o f n a t i o n a lterritory will be thesea.

11%ofEUEEZ11thbiggestEEZintheworld.

Subtitle

Nauticmiles

BLUEECONOMYINPORTUGAL

Source:NationalSeaStrategy2013-2020

Fishery,AquacultureandFishindustryshipbuildingandrepairmaritimetransport,portsandlogisticsTourismandleisureCoastaldefense

Fishery,AquacultureandFishindustryshipbuildingandrepairmaritimetransport,portsandlogisticsTourismandleisureCoastaldefense

JobsGNP

TheGNPanduseoftheusesandactivitiesofblueeconomyinPortugal,2010

BlueEconomyWeight%

100,000jobsin20182030target:160,000jobs5%GNP

GAV≈2,6Billion€

Estimatefor2109≈3%

POLITICAL,LEGALANDINSTITUTIONALFRAMEWORKS

NationalMaritimePolicies

2006 2008 2009 2013 2014 2015

2nd National SeaS t r a t e g y2013-2020

1st National SeaStrategy2006-2016

P O E M –Maritime SpatialPlan1st approach forNationalMSP

Maritime SpatialP lann ing andM a n a g em e n tL aw ( L e i n . º17/2014)

Dispatch of them i n i s t e r i a lc o u n c i l t od e v e l o p t h eMaritime spatialplan(POEM)

D L n . º 3 8 / 2 0 1 5 –RegulatorydecreeoftheM a r i t i m e S p a t i a lP l a n n i n g a n dManagementLawDispatchn.º11494/2015,thatdeterminesthepreparationofthesituationplan.

POLITICAL&INSTITUTIONALFRAMEWORK

MinistryoftheSeaSecretaryofStatefor

Fisheries

DGPM(Directorate-GeneralforMaritimePolicy)https://www.dgpm.mm.gov.pt/

DGRM(Directorate-GeneralforNaturalResources,Safetyand

MaritimeServices)https://www.dgrm.mm.gov.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=dgrm

IPMA–PORTUGUESEINSTITUTEFORTHESEAAND

ATMOSPHEREWWW.IPMA.PT

ManagesMaritimeSpaceDevelopsNationalMSP(SituationPlanPSOEM)LicensingandAllocationPlansImplementationandmonitoringofMarineStrategyDirective

PlanningPoliciesImplementingMSPBlueFundBlueEntrepeneurshipFinancingBlueEconomy

FishstockassessmentMarinewaterqualitySeafoodqualitySeaReferenceLaboratoryResearchVessels

MARITIMESPATIALPLANNINGPortugueseLegalFramework

LawforPlanningandManagement

of the National Maritime Space

(Marine Act) Lei de Bases do

Ordenamento e Gestão do Espaço

MarítimoNacional(Lein.º17/2014,de

Abril)–LBOGEM)

RegulatoryDecree38/2015

Decretoregulamentarn.º38/2015

ThisLaw-DecreetransposesDirective

2014/89 / EU of the European

Parliament and of the Council of 23

July2014establishingaframeworkfor

theplanningofmaritimespace.

Extendedcontinentalshelf

EEZ

InlandwatersTerritorialsea

Contiguouszone

Subtitle

Nauticmiles

LAWNO.17/2014-MSPACTMAINOBJECTIVES

Promoteasustainable,rational,andefficienteconomicexploitationofmarineresourcesandtheirecosystemservices

Ensure the compatibility and sustainability of the various usesandactivitiesofthemarineenvironmentPreserve,protectandrestorethenaturalvaluesofcoastalandmarine ecosystems and achieve and maintain a goodenvironmentalstatusinthemarineenvironmentRiskpreventionandminimizationofeffectsarisingfromnaturaldisasters,climatechangeorhumanaction.

Preventorminimizepossibleconflictsbetweenusesandactivitiesinthenationalmaritimespace.

REGULATORYDECREE38/2015-MAINOBJECTIVES

Thesystemofelaboration,approval,amendment,revisionandsuspensionoftheinstrumentsofnationalmaritimespatialplanning

The legal regime applicable to titles of private exclusive use of the nationalmaritimespace

the economic and financial regime associated with the private use of thenationalmaritimespace

The system of monitoring and technical evaluation of the planning of thenationalmaritimespace

Thesystemofprivateuseofwaterresourcesintransitionalwatersforaquaculturepurposes

THEINSTRUMENTSFORSPATIALPLANNINGANDMANAGEMENTOFMARITIMESPACE:SITUATIONPLANANDALLOCATIONPLAN

SituationPlan•  Thesituationplanrepresentsandidentifiesthespatialandtemporaldistribution of existing andpotential uses and activities, andalsoidentifiesnaturalandculturalvaluesofstrategicimportanceforenvironmental sustainability andintergenerational solidarity, inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthefollowingarticle.

AllocationPlan•  The allocation plans affect theareas or volumes of the nationalmaritime space to uses andactivities not identified in thesituationplan,establishing,whenapp l i cab le , the respect iveparameters of use. The plans ofaffectation, once approved, areintegratedintothesituationplan,whichisautomaticallychanged.

SITUATIONPLAN-PSOEM

• Geospatialrepresentationofthespatialandtemporaldistributionofexistingvalues,usesandactivities;

• Geo-spatialrepresentationofthespatialandtemporaldistributionofpotentialvalues,usesandactivities;

• Reportofcharacterizationoftheareaandorvolumeofincidence;

• Reportandenvironmentalstatement,accordingtothelegislationapplicabletotheenvironmentalevaluationofplansandprograms.

SituationPlanDocuments

LICENSINGREGIME–ARTICLENO17(MSPACT)

€TUEM–MaritimeSpaceUserFee

AppliedtoallusesandactivitiesoftheMaritimeSpace,withtheexceptionofusesunderanauthorizationandtheuseofmaritimespaceforthedevelopmentanduseofgeologicalandenergyresources-Article76,DLNo.38/2015

Privateuseofmaritimespace Usetitle

Concession(max.50years)

UsesorActivitiesofprolongeduse,donein

anuninterruptedmanner.

License(max.25years)

ForTemporaryorSeasonalActivitiesor

Uses;

Authorization(max.10years)

Forprojectsorusesofnon-commercialcharacter.Ex:

Scientificresearch

LICENSINGMECHANISM

PROJECTPROPOSAL

ENVIRONMENTALIMPACTASSESSMENTAPA(Portuguese

AgencyfortheEnvironment)https://www.apambiente.pt

DGRM(Directorate-GeneralforNaturalResources,Safetyand

MaritimeServices)https://www.dgrm.mm.gov.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=dgrm

EnvironmentalLicensing

PrivateUseLicenseandAllocationPlan

MSPManagementInstrumentsDynamics

Approved

MaritimeSpatialPlanning

ManagementInstruments

SituationPlan

AllocationPlans

Source:CatarinaFrazãoSantos(2016)

MaritimeSpatialPlanning&LicensingManagementDynamics

THEPORTUGUESEMARITIMESPATIALPLAN

PSOEM–PLANODESITUAÇÃODOORDENAMENTODOESPAÇOMARÍTIMO

PORTUGUESESITUATIONPLANFORTHENATIONALMARITIMESPACE

SubRegions:Continent,MadeiraArchipelag,ExtendedContinentalShelfLacking:AzoresArchipelagforeseenbytheend2019

http://www.psoem.pt/geoportal_psoem/�


N a t u r eConservationMPA’s,Nature2 0 0 0 a n dOSPARMPA’sForeseen 14%M a r i t i m eSpace


NatureConservation(Closeup–SWofPortugal).ACoastalMPA110kmlongNaturalParkoftheSWandVicentinaCoast(Algarve)


TUPEM–Titleforprivateuseofmaritimespace


OffshoreWindFarm


Aquaculture


MarineCables

PortugalistheonlycountryintheworldwithdirectsubmarinecableconnectionstoallcontinentsexceptAntarctica.


ANDTHEFUTURE…

TheBELLAconsortium, fundedby theEuropeanCommission,hasannouncedthatithasapprovedtheconstructionofa 10,000-kilometer long-rangei n t e r c o n t i n e n t a l fi b e r- o p t i csubmarine cable that will connectEurope directly to Latin AmericawithoutpassingthroughtheUSAandallowinghigh Internet trafficexchangecapabilities for researchandeducationbetweenthetwocontinents.ItiscalledEllaLink and connects the landstations of Sines, in Portugal, andFortaleza, in Brazil. Constructionbegins in the firstmonths of this yearand initial data transmission throughthenewcableisexpectedbytheendof2020, the cable will allow a datatransmission rate of 100 gigabits persecond,muchhigherthanthecurrent10gigabitespersecond. Source:EXPRESSO15.1.19


THESTATEOFTHEARTTODAY

PUBLICCONSULTATIONOFTHE2ndVERSIONENDED31.1.19Alldocumentsathttp://www.psoem.pt/discussao_publica-2-2/FormalOpinionoftheNationalCouncilfortheEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopementissuedthe31stJanuary2019andpublicsinceFriday1stFebruaryon:https://www.cnads.pt/images/documentos/2019_parecerpsoem.pdfNEXTSTEPSPONDERATIONREPORTOFPUBLICCONSULTATIONCOUNCILOFMINISTERSAPPROVESTHEPSOEMBYMEANSOFARESOLUTIONOFTHECOUNCILOFMINISTERS.ENTERINTOFORCETHEDAYAFTERBEINGPUBLISHEDATTHENATIONALOFFICIALGAZETTE(probablyduringMarch)

THECHALLENGEOFTHECOASTALZONE

Article6Minimumrequirementsformaritimespatialplanning

1.  MemberStatesshallestablishproceduralstepstocontributetotheobjectiveslistedinArticle5,taking

intoaccountrelevantactivitiesandusesinmarinewaters.

2.Indoingso,MemberStatesshall:(a)  takeintoaccountland-seainteractions;(b) takeintoaccountenvironmental,economicandsocialaspects,aswellassafetyaspects;(c)  aimtopromotecoherencebetweenmaritimespatialplanningandtheresultingplanorplansand

otherprocesses,suchasintegratedcoastalmanagementorequivalentformalorinformalpractices;(d) ensuretheinvolvementofstakeholdersinaccordancewithArticle9;(e) organisetheuseofthebestavailabledatainaccordancewithArticle10;(f)  ensuretrans-boundarycooperationbetweenMemberStatesinaccordancewithArticle11;(g) promotecooperationwiththirdcountriesinaccordancewithArticle12.

2014/89/EUDIRECTIVE

3 - The instruments of MSP have to ensure the articulation of the preexisting

mandatoryinstrumentsoflanduseplanning(plansandprograms)withanimpacton

the area to which they respect, in order to ensure the necessary articulation and

compatibility, expressly identifying the incompatible standards of the preexisting

territorialprogramsandplans,whichmustberepealedoramended.

ARTICULATION–RegulatorydecreeNo38/2015,ArticleNo5

Incaseofconflictmaritimeplanscanprevailovertheterritorialplansaffectingcoastalzonestakinintoaccounteconomicvalueandjobscreated,particularlybeyond-30m

PORTUGUESECOASTALZONE

Ø  Where occur some of themost important economic activities:Coastal zone generates

around85%ofNationalPNB.

Ø  76%ofthePortuguesepopulationlivesincoastalareas(about7,6millionpeople,sincethe

globalpopulationinPortugalisaround10million).

InstrumentsofTerritorialManagementwithgreaterincidenceincostalzones:

SpecialTerritorialPlanningPrograms(PEOT):

•  CoastalZoneSpatialManagementPlan(POOC)

•  ProtectedAreasSpatialManagementPlan(POAP)

TERRESTRIALPLANNING

Legislation

LawofthePublicPolicyofSoils,SpatialPlanningandUrbanPlanning

Lei de Bases Gerais da Política Pública de Solos, Ordenamento do Território e

Urbanismo (Lei n.º 31/2014, de Maio), replaced the previous Law 48/98.

Nevertheless,theprevious instrumentsforcoastalandmarineprotectedareas

andmanagementarestillinforce,ateleastuntil2020.

Theseinstrumentsaremainly:CoastalZoneSpatialManagementPlans(Planosde

Ordenamento da Orla Costeira . POOC); Spatial Management Protected Areas

Plans(PlanosdeOrdenamentodeÁreasProtegidas-POAP)andMarineProtected

Areas.Bothplans rangethebathymetricof30meters.CoastalProtectedAreas in

MadeiraandsAzorescanreachthebathymetricof50moreven100m.

Theregulationsof theseplansaremandatoryforpublicadministrationaswell for

privatecompaniesandcitizens.Theyalsoprevailoveranyotherplan,as theyare

considered“SpecialPlans”undertheLaw48/98.

“Terrestrial”TerritorialManagementSystemLawn.º31/2014

NationalLevel

NationalProgramofSpatial

Planning[1]

SectorialPrograms[2]

SpecialPrograms[3]

RegionalLevel

RegionalPlans[4]

InterMunicipal

IntermunicipalPrograms[5]

Municipal

MunicipalDirectorPlan

[6]

DetailPlans[7]

UrbanPlans[8]

POOC–COASTALZONESPATIALMANAGEMENTPLANS

•  The spatial management instruments aim to support

Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and

prevailaboveanyotherlanduseplansorprograms.

•  Range from 500 meter inland until the bathymetric

30m.

•  9continentalplansintheContinentalterritory,covering

all coast and 9 plans in Azores (one for each island).

Madeiradoesn’thaveanyPOOCimplemented.

•  Establish which uses are preferential, conditioned or

forbiddeninthecoastalzonesanddeterminecriteriafor

conservationofnatureandbiodiversity.

Coastal zone spatial management plans have as object "the coastal and inland maritime waters and theirrespectiveseabedsandbanks,withprotectionzonestobedefinedineachplan.”Protectionzones:“LandZoneProtection"-maximumwidthdoesnotexceed500mfromthelinelimitingtheseawatermargin;"Maritimerangeofprotection",whosemaximumlimitisthebathymetricof30m,exceptintheislandswhereitcangotillthebathymetricof50moreven100m.

POOC–COASTALZONESPATIALMANAGEMENTPLANS

MaritimerangeofprotectionMarginofseawater

Privatedomain PublicMaritimedomain

CoastalZoneSpatialManagementPlans

LandZoneprotection

Coastalwaters

TerritorialwatersBaselineGroundwater Surfacewater

45MPA’s•  15RegionalMPA’s

Natura2000/UE•  17ZEC’s•  2SIC’s•  10ZPE’s

•  11OSPAR•  3BiosphereMarine

Reserves•  2RAMSARAreas

AZORESISLANDS

• PontadeSãoLourenço• ReservaNaturalParcialdoGarajau

• ReservaNaturaldoSítiodaRochadoNavio

• ReservaNaturaldasIlhasDesertas• IlhéudasCenouras,IlhéudeBaixo,IlhéudeCima,IlhéudeFora,IlhéudaFonteeoIlhéudoFerro• ReservaNaturaldasIlhasSelvagens

MADEIRAISLANDS

PORTUGALNETWORKOFMPA’S

CONTINENT

SIC:IlhasDesertas(85%)

IlhasSelvagens(97%)PontaS.Lourenço(83%)

IlhéudaViúva(100%)

ZPE:IlhasDesertas(85%)

IlhasSelvagens(97%)

TOTAL11263525.33ha112635.25km2

THEDIFICULTIESOFARTICULATIONATTHECOASTALZONE

Problem: The Law for Planning andManagement of the NationalMaritimeSpace and its regulation does not consider Special Plans, nor SpatialManagementPlans for ProtectedAreas orSpatialCoastalManagementPlansor even Spatial/Special Managemet Plans for MPA’s. Thus, all protecionregulationscanturnouttobeuneffective.Thechallengeis:howtoturnmandatoryforprivatecompaniesandcitizenstheregulationscontainedintothoseplanswhitinthePSOEM?Possibelsolution:aspecificregulationpointedoutattheRCM approvingthePSOEManddevelopedsubsquently(underanalysisanddiscussion).

STRENGTHS,WEAKNESSES,OPPORTUNITIESANDTHREATS

STRENGTHS•  A large political consensus regarding maritime policy as national

priority, involving all parties represented at the PortugueseNationalAssembly;

•  A qualified legislative consensus (2/3) which approved the Law forPlanning and Management of the National Maritime Space (MarineAct);

•  A simple and comprehensive legal framework designed for themaritime space with specific instruments for maritime spatialplanning;

•  Aclearlicensingregimeinfavouringtransparencyforinvestors;•  Acommitmentforprotectingmarinebiodiversitybyallocating14%of

maritime territory to MPA’s (including Nature 2000 Network) and acoastalprotectionzoneof1,5NMregardingmaritimelandscape;

•  Portuguese government suspended oil and gas prospection andexploitationinfavouringrenewableenergies–thePSOEMreflectsthatoption;

•  A “Blue Fund” using licencing incomes aswell as national budget topromotescientificresearchandblueentrepreneurship.

WEAKNESSES

•  Discrepancywithlandusespatialmanagementinstruments,particularlyon Coastal Zone, generates fragility regarding regulation of coastalprotected areas, integrated coastalmanagement and effectiveness ofregulationsalsoonMAP’s;

•  Excessive simplicity of the system for maritime spatial planning notforeseeing instruments as sectorial plans (eg.Aquaculture, Renewableenergies,NauticalTourism,SpecialplansforMPA’s),thusturningfragiletheplans tobedevelop for sectorialandpriorityareasdefined inBlueGrowth;

•  Lack of specific regulation for the Plano de Situação do EspaçoMarítimoNacional (TheNationalMaritimeSpatialPlan), turningsomeofitsproposedcontentsofdubiousjuridicaleffectiveness;

•  Theenvironmental licencingregime isbasedonEnvironmental ImpactAssessmentregulationderivedfromEUDirectiveonEIA;severalofthenewmaritimeactivitiesarenotforeseeninthoseregulations;

•  TheAzores Sub-RegionMaritimeSpatial Planning proposal is not yetdevelopedanditisthelargestareaoftheNationalMaritimeSpace.

•  The model of Governance of Maritime Space is not defined at theMarineAct.

THREATS•  Anallnewplanningandlicensingsystemneedstobetested“atstress”

and correcting mechanisms ought to be clear to provide juridicalinsurance;

•  Thenewpartnershipfortheseaswithstakeholdersmustbedeepenedandconsolidated–thereisstillalongroutetonavigate;

•  Largepoliticalconsensusmustbecontinuedindependentlyofelectoralcycleswhichimplies“regimepacts”–investmentsinthemaritimespacearemostlylongtermandneed“politicalstability”

•  Banksstillarereticenttoloansfor blueeconomyastheybelieveistooriskyandreturnuncertain,alsotheylack“oceanliteracy”,thusshowingexcessivelyconservativeapproachesforBlueEconomy;

•  A significant part of the success of maritime activities depends onscientific break through and cutting edge science, demanding asubstantive and continuous effort of public financing,which obviouslydepends on GDP growth and international economic performance,particularlyinUE;

•  Incaseofconflictofuses,economiccriteriamayovercomeconservationobjectives.

OPPORTUNITIES•  AMaritimeSpatialPlanforalmost50%oftheEUZEE;•  Anadvanced,pioneeranddynamicnewregimeforMaritimePolicies

involvingpolitical,institutionalandlegalcoherentframeworks;•  AclearNationalMaritimeStrategytobeupdatedin2020,incompass

withEUplanning;•  Thepossibilitytoupdatethelegalframeworkin2019/20withthenew

MaritimeStrategyandcorrecttheweaknessespointedout;•  The possibility to update theMaritime Spatial Plan at least every 5

years,alsoconsideringtheprogressofscientificknowledge;•  The possibility to develop specific regulations for EIA regarding the

newactivitiesinmaritimespace(eg.offshoreaquaculture,renewableenergies,deepmining)

•  A large, young and dynamic scientific marine community with RTDprojectsgoingoneverycontinentandocean;

•  A clear bet on blue entrepreneurship with specific programmes,dedicated funds, venture capital and incubator centres linked toacademyandprivatecorporationsoperatinginBlueEconomy.

Thankyouforyourattention

ANEWNATIONALTERRITORY

PortugalisSea

MARECENTRE

MSP in Portugal - IUEM

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