MR. S. D. RATHODdspace.vpmthane.org:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2927/1...waters have become...

1

EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON MUDSKIPPER FISHERY OF

ULHAS RIVER ESTUARY WITH A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO

THE BIOLOGY OF BOLEOPHTHALMUS DUSSUMIERI (CUV amp

VAL)

A MINOR PROJECT IN

BIOLOGICAL STUDIES

Report Submitted on July 2005

MR S D RATHOD Lecturer

B N BANDODKAR COLLEGE

OF SCIENCE CHENDANI

THANE (W)-400 601

Sanctioned by

University of Mumbai Fort Mumbai- 400 032

2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author sincerely thanks the University of Mumbai for accepting the

proposal and sanctioning the amount of Rs 15000- for this project He also

records his gratitude to the Principal of B N Bandodkar college of Science

Thane Dr (Mrs) Madhuri Pejaver for allowing him to use the infrastructure for

conducting the laboratory work at the Zoology Department using the library and

computer facilities and for the administrative assistance He is indebted to Dr

(Mrs) N N Patil Dr R P Athalye Dr(Mrs) M U Borkar Mr Hemant

Karkhanis Mr Amol Patwardhan Dr V V Bedekar for extending their hands

generously during the project period He also expresses his gratefulness

especially to his colleagues fishermen community the non-teaching staff and

research students Mr Sameer and Mr Adesh from Advance Study Centre of the

B N Bandodkar college of Science without their help project wouldnrsquot have

been a success Author also acknowledges with thanks to everyone who was

involved in the project work directly or indirectly

Mr Sudesh D Rathod

3

PREFACE

The coastal inward waters such as creeks estuaries lagoons and other

wetlands are the productive and diverse waterbodies India has a long coastline

of 8118 km and an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of 202 million km2 Recent

estimates of the total area of wetlands without mangroves in India include the

brackish water suitable for fish culture 2000000 ha Estuaries 3900000 ha and

Back waters of 3540000 ha Ramsar convention bureau has declared about 19

important wetlands covering 648507 hectares in the country These extremely

interesting sites range geographically all over the country from three sites in

Kerala in the southwest and another in Tamil Nadu in the southeast to another

at 4595m (15075 feet) altitude in the Himalaya They include coastal estuaries

dammed reservoirs and lots of mangroves

The coastal zone of the country is rich in natural resources They are

influenced greatly by human activities Much of this wealth is often exploited in

an unprecedented manner resulting in rapid degradation of the environments

which in turn deplete the natural resources The seasonal variations in the water

quality as well as the biological component of these systems are influenced

heavily by anthropogenic stress exerted by the developmental activities carried

out along the coastal waters

Estuaries are one of the most productive zones on our planet with the

gross primary productivity amounting to approximately 10 K calm2yr of organic

matter and also the most heavily utilized area An estuary is a very dynamic and

fragile ecosystem with unique physico-chemical and biological features Since it

is influenced largely by tidal cycle and the seasonal influx of land run off it

behaves variedly during the months or the seasons Being transitional the

estuary establishes the link between land freshwater and seawater rendering

lsquoedge-effectrsquo and hence harbours the diverse fauna and flora Several species

complete their entire life cycle within the brackishwater of estuaries Some

coastal species find estuaries as very essential at least for a part of their life

cycle In addition estuaries serve as critical reproductive and nursery grounds

for a wide variety of fishes and important habitats for numerous benthic and

4

planktonic organisms They also serve as migratory routes for the anadromous

species or for the catadromous species The substratum of an estuary is always

covered with silt and mud which is the most common type of bottom where the

organic detritus is rich in floral and faunal populations Heterotrophic

microorganisms are a major component of estuarine ecosystems and are

predominant in the estuarine sediments Some terrestrial species find their

refuge in the premises Therefore it is comprised of a typical food chain amongst

aquatic and terrestrial organisms Various endemic finfish and shellfish species

comprise the important fisheries Most of these species are seasonal visitors

visiting the estuaries for breeding or feeding purpose hence the seasonal

fisheries are observed predominantly Fishermen community residing in the

vicinity relies on the estuarine fisheries for their wellbeing

Hence it is very important to discuss about the estuarine ecosystems

giving due consideration to pollution problems Because of the convenience of

sea transport many major cities of the world are located on the shores of

estuaries The concentration of population and of industries on the banks has

inevitably led to the discharge of the waste materials into the estuaries so that

many have become seriously polluted water bodies The other anthropogenic

activities such as construction of bridges dams roads railways solid waste

dumping sand dredging mining tunneling reclamation mangrove cutting

agriculture etc affect these aquatic environments greatly Moreover the

enrichment of estuaries with organic and inorganic nutrients has contributed to

the eutrophication problems in numerous estuarine systems In many cases

domestic and municipal sewage wastes as well as nonpoint source run-off have

been the principal sources of nutrients to estuaries It causes acute and chronic

pollution in estuarine and coastal marine environment leading to a severe threat

to the inhabiting aquatic communities Due to these activities the existence of

rich biodiversity in the estuaries is under threat Already many coastal inward

waters have become either unproductive or unharvestable for a variety of finfish

shellfish and other marine living resources due to indiscriminate entry of

domestic and industrial pollutants The fishermen communities thus affected

looking for other earning sources may lead to the local financial crisis

5

Strict monitoring and corrective measures have to be undertaken to

safeguard their existence This needs urgently a thorough knowledge of the

pollutants their entry source nature of toxicity on biota monitoring of the

ecosystem remedial measures management legislation etc

This project work discusses the status quo of pollution and problems and

need for protection of Ulhas River estuary of Thane district situated in

Maharashtra State

Mr Sudesh D Rathod

Associate Professor

Zoology Deptartment

B N Bandodkar College of Science

Thane Maharashtra India

6

CONTENTS

Title 1

Acknowledgement 2

Preface 3--5

Chapter I INTRODUCTION helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip 7--12

Chapter II POLLUTION STATUS OF THE helliphelliphelliphelliphellip 13--28

ULHAS RIVER ESTUARY AND

SOME ANTHROPOGENIC

ACTIVITIES INVOLVED

CHAPTER III BIOLOGY of Boleophthalmushelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip 29--40

dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

CHAPTER IV FISHERY of Boleophthalmus helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip 41--46


CHAPTER V DISCUSSION helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip 47--50

CHAPTER VI BIBLIOGRAPHY

WEBSITES SITED amp

ABBREVIATIONhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip 51--60

7

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

The Ulhas River estuary is one of the inward waters characteristic in its

environmental conditions due to the shallow depth tidal currents mangrove

vegetation salinity gradient diurnal temperature variation etc It is one of the

important waterbody in Thane District Ulhas River originates at Budhemal Lake

near Rajmachi Fort 821655 meters above the sea level traverses through

Sahyadrian ranges of hilly tracks of Western Ghats and meets the Arabian Sea

at Vasai Fort in Thane District The upper stretches of the Ulhas River is fed by

fresh water from the Raigad and Thane districts It receives a number of

tributaries carrying runoff water from their respective catchment areas namely

Pej Chilar Pashri Kalu Bhatsa Murbadi Varna and Kamwadi It runs for about

122 kms before joining the sea at Vasai The estuarine part of the river

commences from S-E near Kalyan ndashDombivli railway station headwards

meanders for about 40 km before it joins the Arabian Sea towards N-E at Vasai

creek situated between the latitude 18045rsquo to 19016rsquo N and longitude 72042rsquo to

73020rsquo E on the world map The river is shallow having sandy basin since the

land runoff carry huge sediments from its catchment area

There are number of industries situated along the either riverrsquos banks

adding their effluents at various localities namely Ambivli Ulhas Nagar

Dombivli Bhiwandi and Thane City and loading the waterbody with pollutants

heavily There is a considerable load of the domestic waste water is also added

to the estuary since the Thane city requires over 280 MLD (Lala2004) of water

which in-turn must be used variously and ultimately added to the Thane creek

and Ulhas River estuary daily Archeivala (1969) has observed that the heavy

pollution at the upper reaches of the estuary has lost the spawning ground of the

8

Hilsa fishery It has been observed that the fisheries of the estuary have been

dwindling to the threatening status (Rathod et al 2002) It is evident that the

heavy pollution due to industrial and domestic effluents affects the aquatic

organisms inhabiting the ambient water Nath et al (2003) observed the

degeneration in the ovarian cells of Clarias batrachus due to the altered physico-

chemical parameters of the wetlands Moreover mass kill of the fish occurs

frequently in the coastal waters of Mumbai and Thane cities

The conditions observer at one instance will change at the other as the

estuaries are dynamic in nature Therefore despite of earlier findings

reinvestigation of the hydrological conditions is essential An effort has been

made to ordained pollution status of the Ulhas River estuary and to determine

the fate of mudskipper fishery one of the major fisheries from the Ulhas River

estuary on which the poor fishermen communities residing in the vicinity rely

The important fish species being Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) (See

plate no1) of the mudskipper fishery has been considered for the study It is one

of the most relished and highly demanded fish in the local market It is

consumed in fresh condition

Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuvier amp Valencienne 1837) is the

amphibious estuarine fish found flourishing in the mudflats of the of Ulhas River

estuary It is a benthic and burrowing type of fish inhabiting on the neretic

mudflats of the Ulhas River estuary They construct the burrows in the mud and

feed on the mudflats Although they often come out of water they restrict

themselves close to the water for breathing and other activities Therefore their

burrows are always constructed in the limits of intertidal zone (Mutsaddi 1964

Chung et al 1991 Clayton 1993)

The salient features of the ambient mudskipper B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

are described as follows

i Fin Formula BV D527-28 P19 V15 A26 C13 L1ca 125

ii Pseudobranchiae present single rayed dorsal fin with flexible spine

eyes placed dorsally

9

iii Smaller black blotches on 1st dorsal 2nd dorsal contains 2-3 rows of

oblong white spots

iv Three teeth on the either side of middle of upper jaw pointed and

directed downwards A pair of posterior canines on lower jaw and

about 25 truncated and notched sub-horizontals on either aside of the

lower jaw

v Caudal pointed lower rays are shorter than the dorsals

Systematic position of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuvier amp Valencienne

1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae

ii Sub family- Oxudercinae

iii Genus- Boleophthalmus

iv species- dussumieri

The fishermen communities residing in the vicinity of the Ulhas River

estuary dependant on available fisheries of the same are suffering for their daily

needs due to the depleted fishery Many fisher-folks have therefore shifted to the

other available occupations As the river is moderate source of sand few

fishermen have adopted sand dredging activities

Besides some anthropogenic activities such as solid waste disposal

mangrove cutting reclamation construction etc are also observed to be

influencing the estuarine environment of the ambient waterbody (Athalye et al

2003)

I1 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The project involves an attempt to determine the pollution status of the

ambient water through the hydrological study and certain anthropogenic

activities affecting the same

To correlate the biological studies of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp

Val) with its health status

10

To ordain the status quo of the Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

fishery of the Ulhas River estuary

I2 PLAN OF WORK

Since tidal water oscillates from Vasai Fort to the Dombivli-Kalyan and

back it was taken up as the estuarine region of the Ulhas River The estuary

was imagined for the three zones as study areas as follows

Zone I ndash From Dombivli to Kolshet this zone is highly affected due to the

domestic activities as there are several human habitations viz Mumbra

Kharegaon Vehele Alimghar Diva where fragmented of mangrove

vegetation and the fishery is seldom occurred The zone is constricted at its

seaward proximity due to two major bridge constructions of Bhiwandi bypass

and the Kasheli

Zone II ndash From Kasheli village to Gaimukh Sand landing centre traversing

from the lustful mangrove vegetation The zone is demarcated by moderate

depth and prevalent mudflats It is influenced largely due to the Bhiwandi

MIDC area Bayer Pharmaceutical Company ColorChem Dyeing industry and

sand dredging activities

Zone III ndash From Gaimukh to the Bhayandar made-up of rocky basin and

gradually increasing in depth at its greatest as it approaches the Arabian Sea

towards Vasai Fort Mudskipper fishing is predominant in this zone as it holds

a number of wider mudflats throughout

The study was carried for nine months from the month of July 2004 to

March 2005 The seasons were designated as

Monsoon- July to September

Early Post Monsoon (EPM)- October to December

Late Post Monsoon (LPM)- January to March

The hydro-sedimentological studies were performed zone-wise on

monthly basis Sample collection stations one station from each zone were

decided for the sampling purpose

-Kharegaon station (KS) in the vicinity of Thane city from Zone-I

-Gaimukh station (GS) at Gaimukh jetty from Zone-II and

11

-Versova-bridge station (VS) near Bhayandar Village (see plate 1 amp

Map annexure I)

-Whereas the fishery and the biology of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv

amp Val) were studied zone-wise and recorded according to season in the

entire estuary Entire investigation was carried from the months of July 2004 to

March 2005 A pooled data of the biology of Boleophthalmus dussumieri

(Cuv amp Val) has been produced

12

13

CHAPTER II

POLLUTION STATUS OF THE ULHAS RIVER

ESTUARY AND SOME ANTHROPOGENIC

ACTIVITIES INVOLVED

Numerous experts have instantaneously studied the hydrological

parameters of various waterbodies in the country It has been found that the

water quality of the water bodies lying in the vicinities of urban areas is heavily

polluted due to industrial and domestic wastes It influences aquatic environment

heavily and put adverse effect on the organisms living therein (Mishra 2002

Athalye et al 2003 CPHERI 1971 Tandel 1884 Durve 1961 Metcalf et al

1979 Zingde 2002 Mohapatra et al 2000 Patil 1982) The study of water

quality and the sediments indicate the pollution status of the aquatic

environments The Ulhas River estuary hydrology was corroborated by Qamrul

Hasan (1984) Shahoo et al 1985 1987) Mathew (1989) Mukharji (1993)

Hence the hydrology was considered for the study

MATERIAL AND METHOD

The study of hydrological parameters was carried in the three zones at

their corresponding stations KS GS and VS every month from July 2004 to

March 2005 Sampling was done between the 2nd and 3rd week of every month

during full tide Samples were assessed using the standard methods as per

APHA AWWA WPCF 1981 sediments as per the Buchananrsquos settling rate

method 1984 and Organic carbon by Walkley and Black 1934 method

14

The water parameters assessment such as water colour water

temperature light penetration and dissolved oxygen were assessed on site

during the collection Water samples required for remaining parameters such as

water pH salinity BOD SiO3-Si NO3-N and PO4-P were collected in the

lsquowasher-stopperedrsquo polyethylene bottles of one liter capacity and brought to the

laboratory and were examine on the same day

II1 WATER PARAMETERS

II 1i WATER COLOUR

Water colour changes due to the seasonal or artificial alteration such as

planktonic growth land run-off industrial effluents etc the study some how

helps in water condition interpretation

The greenish colour of water showed the rich growth of phytoplankton

brownish colour showed either river influx during the rainy season or the sand

dredging activity and the blackish colour showed the pollution along the Ulhas

River estuary

II1ii WATER TEMPERATURE

Due to the shallowness of the basin and influx of the river the temperature

varies diurnally and seasonally Several other manmade factors such as the

particulate matter thermal pollution exothermic chemicals etc also affect the

temperature regime of the estuarine ecosystem Therefore water temperature

plays an important role in the estuaries The endemic organisms being

eurythermic can tolerate the temperature fluctuation but the occasional visitors

are greatly affected Temperature fluctuation also affects the phytoplankton and

zooplankton and hence affects the fish

The surface water temperature ranged from 24oC to 33o C with an average of

263 0C in the Ulhas river estuary (Graph 1) The temperature rises gradually

from early post monsoon to the late post monsoons throughout the estuary

II1iii LIGHT PENETRATION

15

The light penetration has importance regarding the primary productivity of the

ambient water Being shallow the light can reach the bottom but due to the

particulate matter it is greatly obliterated The particulate matters may be the

plankton or the suspended solids Certain other sources like turbulence run-off

water water added from the domestic and industrial wastes mining or dredging

activity increase the particulate matters which in turn hinder the light penetration

Light penetration ranged between 15 cm in September 2004 at GS and 38 cm

in October 2004 at VS and the average being 1033 cm (Graph 2) in Ulhas

River estuary Light penetration remained in concurrence with the water colour

ie When water was greenish (revealing the high phytoplankton) the light

penetration was also greater

II1iv SUSPENDED SOLIDS (SS)

The plankton population imparts the suspended solids in aquatic habitat

like estuary The upwelling of the sea and land run-off water during winter and

monsoon respectively causes the increase in SS Human activity such as

mining sand dredging may bring about considerable change in the SS of small

waterbody like Ulhas River estuary Alam (1992) observed that detrital particle

generally form a major component of suspended matters in sewage polluted

aquatic environment Suspended particles obliterate the light penetration hence

lowering the photosynthetic rate These also hinder the vision and clog the gills

of animals

Present study exhibited the suspended solids in the Ulhas River estuary

was fluctuating between 04 mgl (in Jan 2005 at GS and VS) and 150 mgl (in

Nov 2004 at VS) The average of being 4378 mgl (Graph 3) Suspended

solids in the estuary were high during the rainy days The high values occurred

however occurred on other than rainy days also

II1v pH of WATER

Saline water does not vary in pH since the salts render buffering action

but the pollution status may bring down the pH of water which normally remains

16

slightly alkaline Accumulation of CO2 due to the heavy decomposition of

organic matter indicating domestic deposition may also decrease pH

The pH ranged from 624 (acidic in February 2005) at GS to 791

(alkaline in Sept 2004) at VS The average pH was 708 (Graph 4)

II1vi SALINITY

Water salinity plays a crucial role in the estuarine habitat as it often

fluctuates with the oceanic tidal inundation and the river water influx Ulhas River

estuary is very shallow and hence is affected largely due to both the tidal and

riverine currents Euryhaline endemic organisms are not much affected due to

the salinity fluctuation but some being very sensitive to it cannot withstand the

dilution due to sewage water disposal or release of dam water up-streams

The salinity varied greatly from 0376 0(in Aug 2004 at KS) to 3122 0

in March 2005 at VS) with an average of 174 o (Graph 5)

II1vii DISSOLVED OXYGEN (DO)

Dissolved oxygen (DO) like salinity plays an important role in the estuary

The inhabitant organisms are affected greatly due the diurnal and seasonal

variation in the dissolved oxygen of the ambient water DO is governed by the

water turbulence surface diffusion rate of photosynthesis BOD water

temperature and carbon dioxide concentration The dissolved oxygen level

below 25 mgl (Laponite et al 1992) is hypoxic to organisms residing in

estuary (Graph 6)

Dissolved oxygen ranged between 0504 mgl (in Feb 2005 at KS) and

7049 mgl (in March 2005 at VS) the average being 2402 mgl the dissolved

oxygen was almost at hypoxic level in the entire estuary

II1viii BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD)

It is a measure of the organic matter present in the ambient water BOD

increases with the increased inflow of the domestic waste Athalye et al 2003)

High BOD depletes the oxygen level to a critical condition especially during the

night Oxygen being vital factor in the estuarine ecosystem BOD must be

17

checked for its existence Besides it is a tool for monitoring the pollution status

of waters

BOD of Ulhas River estuary ranged from 0403 mgl (in Oct 2004 at GS

and VS) to 15708 mgl (in Jan 2005 at VS) with an average of 4597mgl BOD

increases to its greatest in the LPM season indicating the accumulation of

organic matter (Graph 7)

II1ix NUTRIENTS Phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P) Nitrate nitrogen

(NO3- N) and Silicate silicon (SiO3-Si)

The nutrients play a major role in primary productivity of the estuary

These are generated as a result of decomposition in natural condition that is

regularly taken up by the phytoplankton in an aquatic body However the

industrial effluents and domestic waste also carry excessive nutrients like NO3-N

and PO4-P The SiO3-Si is brought in by riverine water due to leaching of the

basin as a result of affinity to oxygen or sources like igneous rock of volcanic

origin (Mishra 2002) (Graph 8) The silicate silicon values are very elaborate

with an average of 488 mgl high during monsoon and gradually decreasing in

the EPM and finally LPM

Nitrate nitrogen values are moderate and rose twice in the monsoon and

later in the Late-post monsoon In monsoon it must be brought in by the rain

water from the catchment area whereas in LPM it is due to high decomposition

rate as indicated by the BOD Nitrogen averages at 1124 mgl (Graph 9)

The phosphate phosphorus is added to the estuary from the domestic

area sewage The bimodal curves occurred (see graph 10) thus land runoff

increases the phosphorus during the monsoon and in LPM from the domestic

sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS

Sediments are deposited from the river fed water which forms a rich

substratum for the benthic organisms in the estuary The animals like

mudskippers crabs clams etc require soil for their shelter The Ulhas River

estuary has rich mudflats on its either banks from Kevani-Diva to its proximity till

18

Vasai Fort This renders a considerable fishery in the area But due to the

various anthropogenic activities the substratum is disturbed and the fishery

species are greatly affected Therefore assessment of the sediment structure is

essential to be taken in the mudskipper fishery study The Sedimentology such

as soil texture and organic carbon were done

II2i SOIL TEXTURE

Soil texture involves three types of particlesndash the particles size above 62micro

are sand between 4 micro to 62 micro is silt and particles below 4 micro are clay (Buchanan

1984)

Mishra (2002) found highest percentage of the silt in monsoon season in

the Ulhas River estuary

The present study revealed the silt being keeping high during the entire

study period It ranged from 30 to 60 in various months The average was

found to be 1956 4482 and 2815 for sand silt and clay respectively (Graph

11)

II 2ii ORGANIC CARBON

Organic carbon is a source of organic matter which is dumped in the

estuary through domestic wastes and the dead organisms of the water body

Organic matter enhances the decomposition increasing the BOD of the water

and discomforting the living beings inhabiting in it Many endemic organisms are

therefore shifted to the other available locations

The present finding revealed that organic carbon in the Ulhas River

estuary varied from the minimum of 069 to 353 with an average of 2173

Zone I reciprocated with Zone II amp III in early post monsoon dropping abruptly to

069 in the month of November in EPM However overall organic carbon kept

fluctuates during the study period (Graph 12)

II 3 ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES

Several anthropogenic activities have been noted during the study those

incur favorable or adverse effect on the health of the ambient waters such as

19

plastic garbage mangrove cutting for fuel reclamation in the estuarine area

constructions solid waste dumping

A HARMFUL PRACTICES ALONG THE ULHAS RIVER ESTUARY

Indiscriminate use of plastic goods and the polyethylene bags has

raised the plastic garbage to unimaginable level The Ulhas River

estuary has dumped with tremendous plastic garbage which is

blocking the pneumatophores of mangrove plants suffocate the fish

and hinder the normal activity of the aquatic organisms Huge

amount of plastic was found trapped in the fishing gears Animals

sometime consume the plastic mistaking them for food and die

(Anatharaman et al 2003) The young ones of B dussumieri (Cuv

amp Val) were found to get disappeared from plastic prone areas in

the study (see plate 3)

Fuel gathering is the activity disturbing the habitat Villagers from

Yela Alimghar Kevani Kalher Chena etc have been observed for

mangrove cutting for fuel purpose

Places are reclaimed for human settlement through obliterating the

channel of the Ulhas River Estuary The solid waste dumping and

reclamation go hand in hand in the Ulhas River estuary The solid

waste especially from the reconstructions eg building rubbles are

dumped in the area sited for reclamation (eg Mumbra) which

narrowed the channel affecting the passage of organisms inhabiting

it

Besides the megaconstructions like bridges also constrict the

passage for the estuarine water and enhances the sedimentation

due to the lack of proper flushing On estuary there are four major

bridges namely Bhiwandi bypass Kasheli Bridge Versova Bridge

and Bhaindar-Virar Bridge Sand dredging was frequent in the Zone

I and Zone II latter being more vigorous (Plate 2)

20

B PLASTIC SORTING AT ULHAS RIVER ESTUARY

Approximately 10 million tonnes of solid waste are discharged in to ocean

every year of which 1 million tonnes are plastic debris (Anantharaman et

al 2003) It is prime time for controlling the plastic garbage from

deteriorating the ambient waterbody

Amongst one of the healthy practices plastic was found to be sorted at

Kharegaon for recycling procedure at Kharegaon (See Plate 2) Such

practices are the prime need of the present days

Hydrological Parameters in Ulhas River Estuary

Graph 1Water Temp URE 2004-05

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR

months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21

Graph 2 Light Penetration URE 2004-05

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII


Graph 3Suspended solids URE 2004-05

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22

Graph 4 pH in URE 2004-05

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII


Graph 5 Salinity in URE 2004-05

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23

Graph 6 Dissolved ozxygen in URE 2004-05

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII


Graph 7 BOD in URE 2004-05

0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24

Graph 8 Silicates in URE 2004-05

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)

Series1 Series2 Series3


Graph 9 Nitrate-Nitrogen in URE 2004-05

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25

Graph 10 Phosphates-P in URE 2005-04

0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

Sediments in Ulhas River Estuary

Graph 11 Organic carbon in URE 2004-05

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26

Soil Texture in Ulhas River Estuary 2004-05

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

UI UII UIII UI UII UIII UI UII UIII

Sand Silt Clay



Silt regime of URE 2004-05

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt

Silt UI Silt UIISilt UIII

27

Graph 12 Sand Regime in URE 2004-2005

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d

Sand UI Sand UII Sand UIII

Graph 14 Clay regime in URE 2004-05

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay

Clay UI Clay UII Clay UIII

28

29

CHAPTER III

BIOLOGY of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (cuv amp

val)

Biological study is essential to ordain the health status of the ambient fish Food

feeding hepatosomatic index gonadosomatic index length-weight relationship

proximate composition spawning behaviour etc are the frequently quested

biological aspects during the last two centuries and have been found to be

established in directing the condition of the fish( (Day 1882 Mutsaddi 1964

Qasim 1972) The present biological studies have been corroborated for

procuring the exact health status of the ambient fish in the Ulhas River estuary

III1 MATERIAL AND METHOD

The specimens were collected from the fishing location in live condition and

were assessed immediately for glycogen in the muscles At-least three

individuals were assessed separately and the mean of the spectrophotometric

readings was noted The edible part (muscles) was removed from the freshly

killed individuals and was kept for drying in the oven at 70oC for 48 hrs This was

used for crude protein total lipids (Ametaj et al 2003) and body moisture

assessments Remaining individuals were preserved in 10 Formaldehyde

prepared in brackish water collected from the Ulhas River estuary for future

study (length-weight relationship food and feeding and liver- somatic index)

The length and weight of fish were noted in preserved condition Specimens

were washed and carefully blotted and length and weight were noted to the

30

nearest mm and mg respectively Each fish was then opened and the liver

weight and the gut contents were noted

The Following methods were used for various biological assessments

Sr

No Biological study Method

1

Food and feeding habit

of B Dussumieri (Cuv amp

Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight

relationship Statistical method

3 Hepato-somatic index Adams amp Mc Leanrsquos equation

Proximate composition

4 Muscle crude protein Lowryrsquos method (Lowry1984)

5 Muscle glycogen Anthrone reagent method (Seifter et

al1949)

6 Total lipids Folch et al (1957)

7 Body moisture Oven drying

8 Total ash Furnace combustion

III2 Food and feeding habit of Boleophthalmus Dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

The estuarine environment are rich in primary production therefore

numerous fishes migrate to the estuary for feeding purpose Food and feeding

habit of the fish in the estuary is of great importance to understand their life

history including growth breeding and migration and also for management of

commercially important fisheries (Bal et al 1984) Several experts have

concentrated on the food and feeding habit of various fish in the world (Day

1882 Mutsaddi 1964 Qasim 1972 Clayton 1993 Wise 1994 Connolly 2004

Kitts 2004)

Boleopthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) is herbivorous bottom feeder

and endemic to the Ulhas River estuary A seasonwise pooled data was

procured for food and feeding habit of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

31

The high feeding intensity of the monsoon season decreased to its lowest

level in the late post monsoon Individuals were well-fed in monsoon moderately

fed in early post monsoon and starving in the late post monsoon season (Graph

13) Diatoms were the most selected food during the monsoon season

Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) was observed for shifting from diatom

to algae during early post monsoon whereas in late post monsoon most of the

individuals were starving (Graph 14) and found to be foraging on decayed

mangrove foliage (Spongy tissue water storage tissue Palisade cells and salt

glands) and seldom on fish scales and ova But the extent of the intake of

mangrove foliage was very low Individuals having the gorged or full stomach

were found to forage on diatoms predominantly (Table III2)

Food items were observed in the gut of b Dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) from

ulhas river estuary 2004 -2005 as tabulated below (plate 5 amp 6)

Table III2

type of food sr no name of food item frequency

pinnate diatoms 1 Nitschia sigmoides most frequent

2 Navicula tumida Very frequent

3 Pleurosigma sp Very frequent

4 Nitschia ascicula Frequent

5 Gyrosigma sp Frequent

6 Surirella sp Frequent

7 Asterionella sp Common

8 Navicula sp Frequent

9 Pseudonitschia sp Common

Centric Diatoms 10 Cyclotella sp Frequent

Algae 11 Melosira sp Frequent

12 Oscillatiria sp Frequent

13 Spirulina sp Common

14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32

Early postmonsoon diet of B dussumieri (Cuv amp

Val)

8537

0183 122

Diatom Algae Foliage Others

Mangrove foliage 16 Water storage tissue

Spongy tissue Palisade

cells and salt glands

Common

Others 17 Fish egg Accidental

18 Fish scale Accidental

Late postmonsoon diet of B dussumieri

(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089


monsoon diet of B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

1736

6110

7673


33

III3 Length-weight relationship of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp

Val)

The knowledge of length-weight relationship of fish has a vital importance in

fishery as it not only helps in establishing the yield but in converting one

variable (eg Length) into the other (weight) Fishery biologists commonly

record the size of fish in terms of length and work out its relationship with the

weight of animal so that the conversion between length and weight may be

possible when desired This relationship also helps in fishery management and

in understanding biological phenomena like age growth and maturity It also

gives insight into the well being of the animal (Pejaver 1984)The relationship

between length L and weight W is derived by the equation W = a Lb where a

(Le Cren 1951) is a constant and b the exponent On the linear transformation

the above equation becomes

log W = log a + b (log L)

Where theoretical value of lsquobrsquo is normally 3 called as Herbert Spencerrsquos

cube law

Length and weight of the specimens were taken in preserved condition

The observations on specimens from three seasons (monsoon early post-

monsoon and late post-monsoon) were analyzed separately for which they

were grouped with the class interval on 10 mm Average total body length and

total body weight of the specimens in each group were calculated Average

length frequency of specimens groups ranged from 75-85 to 105-115 These

groups were found common in all the three seasons and hence were considered

in the length-weight relationship The relationship between the length and weight

of both the sexes shows parabola (Graph15) ie exponential relationship

occurred Log length and Log weight relationship in all the three seasons

indicates a straight line with little difference (Graph 16) The length-weight

relationship indicated that the health of the Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp

Val) was better in early post monsoon and was poor in the late post monsoon

34

Graph 13 Seasonwise feeding intensity of

Boleopthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness

gorged full 34th half 14th traces empty

Graph 14 Season wise variation in components of gut

content in B Dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

monsoon Epm LpmSeason

O

ccu

rren

ce


Graph 15 Season-wise Length-weight relationship of

Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) from URE 2004-05

35

L-W Relationship of B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) in Monsoon

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)

L-W Relationship of B Dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) in EPM

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)

L-W Relationship of B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) in LPM

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36

L-W rlationship B dussumieri i(Cuv amp Val) in monsoon

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w

L-W Relationship of B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) in EPM

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w

L-W Relationship of B dussumieri (Cuv Val) in LPM

335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w

Length-Weight BD Monsoon -2004 (July Aug amp Sept)

37

Length-Weight BD Early-postmonsoon -2004 (Oct Nov amp Dec)

Sr

No

Grps L (mm) W (gm) Log L=X Log

W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472

Length-Weight BD Late-postmonsoon -2005 (Jan Feb amp March)

Sr

No

Grps L (mm) W (gm) Log L

=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317

III4 Hepato-somatic index (IH) of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

Sr

No

Grps L(mm) W(gm) Log L=X Log

W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38

Fish growth pattern can be a tool for determining the health of fish

Logically the growth of tissue and the storage energy in muscles and liver can

cause a fish to attain a greater weight than it would normally have at a particular

age during the period of high energy intake (Busacker et al 1998)

On the contrary the pollution may affect the normal growth of fish Hoque

(1998) found the growth rate and liver somatic index (IH) significantly lower

(Pgt005) in Mystus nemurus exposed to hydrogen sulphide A reduction in IH has

been demonstrated in fish population stressed by acidity (Lee et al 1983) other

chemicals such as heavy metals (Larsson et al 1984)

Graph 17 Season-wise average of hepato-somatic index (I H)

of B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) from URE 2004-05

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH

In the ambient fish the Hepato-somatic index (Mc Lean 1985) was found

to be greater in early post-monsoon the second highest was the monsoon and

the least being late post-monsoon (Graph 17)

III 5 Proximate composition of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

The proximate composition of organisms (such as lipids glycogen

moisture crude protein) has been fetching the concentration of the several

experts as it is closely related to the health and the toxic stress caused due to

the pollution in aquatic environment Millory (1908) observed conspicuously low

glycogen level in spent fishes The increased feeding intensity rises the

glycogen percentage after spawning in both the sexes The glycogen content of

39

muscle fluctuates in relation to the maturation and spawning (Sonawane et al

2001) The energy metabolism has a key role as the animal is forced to spend

more energy to mitigate the augmented toxic stress The glycogen level

decreases as the pollutants increase in the aquatic organisms (Kumar et al

2001) Tandel (1984) observed the reciprocal relationship fat and moisture

content in both Mugil cephalus and Mystus gulio Therefore proximate

composition was assessed to find whether they correlation with the pollution

status of the estuary

III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832

The study revealed that the percentage of the moisture in the muscles is directly

proportional with that of crude protein glycogen and total ash where as it

reciprocates with the fat content of the body (Table III5) The fish was observed

to be containing comparatively high moisture crude protein and glycogen and

low fat contents in early post-monsoon Monsoon season exhibited medium

levels whereas in late post-monsoon the former conditions were exactly

opposite to that of early post-monsoon season

40

41

CHAPTER IV

FISHERIES of Boleophthalmus dussumieri (cuv

amp val)

IV1 FISHING ACTIVITIES

The poor fishermen are mostly involved in the inward water fishery

therefore estuary is boon for their livelihood It has been observed that the

estuarine fisheries are dwindling by time The main reason is the human

exploitation of the ambient waterbody The fuel gathering reclamation industrial

and domestic pollutants and overfishing are the main factor involved in the

deterioration of the Ulhas River estuary (Qamrul et al 1981 Athalye et al

2003 Baig 1990) In the Ulhas River estuary fishermen from localities in the

vicinity such as Vehele Sarang Surai Anjur Diva-Kankavli Alimghar Dombivli

and Kasheli from Zone-I are involved in the mudskipper fishery In Zone-II

mudskipper fishery was insignificant whereas in Zone-III it was frequently

observed at Nagla Sasu Navghar Maljipada Versova Naigao Vadavli

Khochivade and Panju situated along the northern bank

The fishery study was carried through the personal interview of the

fishermen involved in the mudskipper fishery in the regions and the survey of

fish market at Thane Kankavli Naka Kalher and Bhayandar

The mudskipper fishing is carried out mostly setting a trap on the

mudflats only of northern bank of the Ulhas River estuary as there is

considerable deterioration occurred due to the human intrusion on the southern

bank (see map annexure I) The fishing method involved lsquobasin-methodrsquo locally

known as lsquoMallirsquo The technique is based on suffocating the fish by covering the

42

burrow A rectangular or triangular embankment is constructed out of mud from

the fishing ground itself A slope is maintained towards one of the corners

where an earthen or metal container is buried in the soil keeping its mouth

(brim) open at ground level The container plays a role of trap Now the burrows

in the ring are blocked by plastering with the mud The mudskippers come out of

burrow due to suffocation which are scared making noise and waving the flag

made of colorful cloth and slowly driven towards the trap Fish is hauled after a

considerable number of individuals are trapped and transported in the split-

bamboo basket Apart from this fishes are seldom caught in Dol net (bag net

used in the estuary proper in major fishery) Bokshi net (small bag net used in

the inundated area with very fine mosquito-net mesh during monsoon) and

barrier net (a pen net popular for mullet fishery) along the entire estuary The

bokshi-net being destructive to mudskipper fishery as the young-ones of 30mm

to 60mm length are caught which may diminish the catch of the forthcoming

season

Fishing attempts were on vogue from monsoon to the early post-

monsoon seasons frequenting from thrice to forth in a fortnight which however

diminished towards the late post-monsoon to negligible level There were about

50 from Zone I 3 from Zone II and 200 fishermen from Zone III were found to be

engaged in B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) fishing during the observation

IV2 FISHERY

Several gobiid fish species were caught along the Ulhas River estuary

(Rathod 2003) out of which the Gobius spp Boleophthalmus dussumieri and B

boddarti comprised major catch B dussumieri was dominant species in the

mudskipper fishery locally known as lsquoNiwatirsquo The B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

fishery is important as concerned to the high demand from decades It is

relished in fresh condition by the local people of Thane district Bdussumieri

(Cuv amp Val) fishery has fetched a special importance as the fish is available in

live condition in the markets It was soled in a local measure of lsquoKodi (ie one

Kodi = 22 pieces) immaterial of the size and weight The value of a lsquoKodirsquo ranged

from Rs 25 to Rs 100Kodi dependent on the availability and demand of the

43

fish It was learned through the interview of fishermen that the fishery has

dwindled to merely 5 as compared to the past two decades Therefore many

fishermen have recently stopped the mudskipper fishing Most of the

mudskipper catch was confined to monsoon and early post monsoon seasons of

the study period The size groups in the monsoon were varied whereas in the

early post-monsoon they were bigger and uniform

44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION

Despite the studies on hydrology and fisheries of the Ulhas river estuary

were attempted on a few occasions (Mutsaddi 1964 Archeivala 1969 Qamrul

et al 1981 Baig 1990 Mishra 2002 Athalye et al 2003) and as the estuary

being a dynamic and ever-changing it was essential to perform the similar

studies again to ordain exact present status quo of the estuarine pollution and

fisheries therein Several factors found insignificant at one instance may become

significant at the other The synchronization between the ambient species B

dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) and the seasonal variation in the hydrological

conditions of the Ulhas river estuary was needed to be established Therefore

the hydrological study was included in the plan along with the fishery B


V1 Hydrological parameters (Refer Table I1 I2 and I3)

Present study revealed that the water temperature stayed almost

constant except during the severe hot month of Late post-monsoon Variations

were almost stable in all the zones (Graph 1) The temperature condition is

quiet encouraging to the inhabitant species as it renders the protection Light

penetration was at peak in the early post-monsoon This dropped to its minimum

due to the increased turbidity in Zone II and Zone III except Zone I where the

turbidity is diluted due to riverine clear water The other reason to increase the

turbidity in Zone II and Zone III was due to the increased sand dredging activity

in Zone II The water colour was in concurrence with the light penetration Water

remained greenish when light penetration was greater indicating high primary

48

productivity The brownish water colour was due to the land runoff water from

riverside during monsoon and at the occasions of sand dredging activity

Normally the saline water remains stable in pH keeping at slightly alkaline due

the buffering action of dissolved salts But it was found that the pH dropped to

slightly acidic from the month of December 2004 to February and March 2005

In zone II it kept fluctuating irrespective of the seasons This must be due to the

effluent added intermittently from the industries lying in this zone such as Bayer

color-hem MIDC Bhiwandi etc the pH variation in zone I and zone II must

exerting heavy stress as the estuarine organisms are sensitive to pH fluctuation

The condition becomes worst when the salinity is low (Clayton 1993) therefore

the mudskippers are not populated at all in zone II and scarce in zone I The

ambient species being Euryhaline stays in the estuary for lifetime but it has been

observed that the young-ones abruptly disappear after the initial monsoon

precipitation from zone I Tandel (1984) in her study observed the size-wise

composition of mudskippers in the catch indicated that only small mudskippers

were more sensitive to the turbulence caused by rainy season

Dissolved oxygen however remained hypoxic throughout the year in all

the zones except some instances (Graph 6) revealed that the estuary is highly

polluted (Laponite amp Clark 1992)

BOD was relatively high in zone than zone II and zone III indicating the

high organic deposition through domestic wastes It was observed during the

study that in zone III the human excreta were disposed in the estuary in the late

post monsoon season due to which the BOD shot to extreme level (2122 mgl)

The nutrients like SiO3-Si and NO3-N remained very high can be

correlated with the industrial effluent and domestic waste added to the estuary

throughout the year Extreme high levels of SiO3-Si in Ulhas River estuary was

due to igneous rock of volcanic origin in the vicinity (Mishra 2002) High

phosphate status in the monsoon was due to land runoff water flooded in the

estuary during monsoon (Qasim et al 1969)

Sedimentology study with an average of sand silt and clay revealed that

the percentage of silt was greater According to Buchanan (1984) the soil is

clayey silt if the silt exceeds 60 in soil texture estimate High silt is the sign of

49

domestic wastes (Goldin 2001) added to the estuary This forced the inhabitant

species to abandon the area Due to the siltation the benthic organisms were

disappeared from zone I and zone II as it must be hindering them from building

their burrows

In the present study it was found that the health of the estuary has

reached a critical position due to industrial and domestic activities Overall

scenario of the pollution status of the Ulhas River estuary during the study

period indicated that the estuary has deteriorated to its threshold limit and must

be protected from indiscriminate exploitation in future to save the natural

heritage of our township

V2 Biological study

From feeding intensity and the content of gut B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

was found to be selective in feeding as it selected only few spp of diatoms from

the number of them occurred in earlier study (Mishra 2002) Individuals were

well fed in the prosperous seasons Diatoms were the most selected food during

monsoon and early post monsoon seasons Hence the diatom can be called as

the basic food of the B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) Alternatively the individuals

also foraged on algae as obligatory food In the absence of both the basic and

obligatory food the fish was found to survive on mangrove foliage in late post

monsoon season Therefore the decayed mangrove foliage may be noted as

emergency food It is evident from the food and feeding of B dussumieri (Cuv

Val) that it suffered from sever starvation which is in concurrence in the low

primary productivity in late post-monsoon season This must be the reason for

the depletion of the mudskipper fishery in the late post-monsoon season and the

meager catches of the same indicated lack of bigger individuals in the estuary

The bigger individuals might be either migrating towards sea or dying of

starvation and stress or probably due to the fishing activity in early post

monsoon The fish containing high body fat low muscle glycogen in late post-

monsoon indicated the high pollution stress

The length weight study supports the pollution conditions in the three

seasons In the early post monsoon the fish were comparatively healthy stating

50

the prosperity of the season The early post monsoon season exhibited wealthy

food condition stability in the environmental conditions The subsequent

increase in the organic carbon indicated that earlier primary production in the

season

The study of proximate composition also revealed the change according

to the seasons Tandel (1984) observed the reciprocal relationship between the

fat and moisture content of the body She has also mentioned that the fish

accumulates fat due to the environmental stress The rise in the fat in late post

monsoon is the similar observation in present study At the same time the

lowered glycogen in the late post monsoon season supports the above fact

The fishery study was found concomitant to the hydrological and

biological evidences procured in this study The fish has to face heavy

environmental stress in late post monsoon that makes it to disappear in the

season from the Ulhas River estuary

V3 Conclusion

The pollution study of the ambient water examined through hydrology has

clearly shown that the estuary was polluted to a critical level Zone I

comparatively faced sever hazard due to domestic activity The water body

as a whole was influenced greatly during the late post-monsoon season

The anthropogenic activities along with the industries are worsening the

situation

The B dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) health has affected due to pollution The

fish was lacking from the Zone I and Zone II in late post monsoon the

pollution stress exerted on the fish during the late post monsoon season

The low glycogen and high fat content of the fish B dussumieri (Cuv amp

Val) during the late post monsoon was concurrent with the pollution and

the low salinity stress during the rainy season

The fishery has dwindled to a miserable condition due to the above

reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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salmoides Lacepede growth using the liver-somatic index physiological

variables J of Fish Biology 26 11-126

2 Alam S K 1992 Ecology of Zooplankton and Benthos with Special Reference to

Waste Waters of the Malad Creek along Bombay Coast Ph D Thesis

University of Bombay pp

3 Alexander K M 1954 Gross Chemical Composition of the Skeletal Muscle in some

Representative Vertebrates and its Significance Ph D Thesis University of

Mumbai pp

4 Ametaj BN et al J Agric Food Chem 2003 51 2105

5 Anantharaman P and V Daisy Rathina Nightingale CAS in Marine Biology Seshaiyana

Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp

6 AOAC 1975 Official methods of analysis 15th ed Association of Official Analytical

Chemists Washington DC 1984 1018 pp

7 Association of official analytical chemists (AOAC) 1984 Official Methods of Analysis

Horwitz W Ed 12th EditionWashington D C 129-146pp

8 APHA AWWA WPCF 1981 International Standard Methods for the Examination of

Water and Waste Water 15th Edition Washington D C 874pp

52

9 Archeivala S J 1969 Water Pollution Control and Strategy for a Livable

Environment Env Health -1191pp

10 Athalye R P 1988 Status of Macrobenthos in Detritus Food Chain of Thane Creek

near Thane City Ph D Thesis University Of Bombay 197pp

11 Athalye R P Goldin Quadros 2004 Aug Deterioration of Thane Creek Ecosystem-

Proceedings of One Day Seminar on- Pollution of Water Bodies In urban Area

(case Study) Vidya prasarak Mandalrsquos Polytechnic Thane Sponsored by

AICTE N Delhi pp 10-12pp

12 Athalye R P Goldin Quadros V Ullal and K S Gokhale 2001 Status of fishery of

Thane Creek Ecol Environ And Cons 6(3) 63-69pp

13 Athalye R P V V Mishra G Quadros V Ullal and K S Gokhale 2001 Heavy Metals

in the Abiotic Components of Thane Creek Ind Eco Environ And

Conservation 7(3) 105-111pp

14 Athalye R P N N Patil U Borkar Goldin Quadros and V U Somani 2003 Study of

Flora Intertidal Macrobenthic Fauna and Fishery of Ulhas River Estuary

and Thane Creek to assess the pollution status and decide mitigative

strategy B N Bandodkar College of Science Thane and MMRDA Mumbai

project 211pp

15 Bagenal T B amp F W Tesch 1978 Age and growth Methods For assessment of

fish production in freshwater (Banegal T B Ed) Oxford Blacwell Scientific

Publications 101-136pp

16 Baig M M N 1990 Studies on the River Ulhas with Reference to Pollution in the

Vicinity of Shahad ndashAmbivli Industrial Area and its Effect on Puntius

sphore MSc Thesis University of Mumbai pp

17 Bal D V K Virbhadra Rao 1984 Marine Fisheries Tata Mcgraw-Hill Publication Coy

Ltd N Delhi 470pp

18 Bal D V amp K V Rao 1990 Marine fisheries of India Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company Ltd N Delhi 472pp

53

19 Buchanan J B 1984 Methods of Study of Marine Benthos Edited by N A Holmes amp

A D McInytre (Blackwell Scientific Publication) 384pp

20 Busacker G PAdelman I R and Goolish E M 1990 Growth In Methods for Biology

(Screck C B and Moyle P B Eds) 363-387pp

21 Chatterji Jaya Conservation of Mangroves along the East Coast Biodiversity 268-

296pp

22 Chopra Geetanjali March 2000 Sewage Disposal Project Transforming Urban

environment and Improving Quality of Life in Mumbai Indiapp

23 Chung Ee-Yung Cheul-Min and Taek-Yuil Lee 1991 Sexual maturation of the

bluespotted mud hopper Boleopthalmus pectinirostris (Linnaeus) Bull of

the Korean Fisheries Society 24(3) 167-176pp

24 Clayton David A 1993 Mudskippers in Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 31 515-

518pp

25 Connolly Rod M Michaela A Guest 2004 Critical estuarine habitats for foodwebs

supporting fisheries in Port Curtis Co-op Research Centre for Coastal Zone

Estuary and waterway Management Central Queensland Australia 1-25pp

26 CPHERI 1971 Survey of literature on sewage and waste treatment with reference to

Indian condition Survey of Bombay Harbour bay and Thane Creek pp

27 Davis James TD M Gatlin and Max R Alleger Channel Catfish- Dietary Effects on

Body Composition and Storage Quality Southern Regional Aquaculture

Centre Publication No 186 1-4pp

28 Day F J B 1889 The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma Fishes

Willium Dawson and sons London Taylor and Francis 1 548pp 2 509pp

29 Durve V S amp Bal D V 1961 ndashHydrology of Kalwa Backwaters and Adjoining Area

J Univ Bom 2939-48pp

30 FAO Aqua-book 1991 Environment (Protection) Act 1986 and Coastal Regulation

Zone 41-79pp

54

31 Folch J Lees M Stere amp G H Stanely 1957 A simple method for isolation and

purification of the total lipids from animal tissue J Biol Chem 226297-

308pp

32 Ghate Utkarsh Peoples Ecological Planning (PEP) Network and Agricultural

Revitalization in South India 235-248pp

33 GokhaleYogesh Scope Of Sacred Conservation Practices In India Sacred

Consevation Practices 257-267pp

34 Goldin Quadros 2001 Study of Intertidal Fauna of Thane Creek Ph D Thesis

University of umbai 1264pp

35 Goldin Quadros V Mishra V Ullal K S Gokhale and R P Athalye 2001 Status of

water quality of Thane Creek (India) Ecol Environ And cons 6 (3) 17-22pp

36 Goldin Quadros RP Athalye Vidya Mishra Vidya Ullal Mangal Mukherjee Madhuri K

Pejaver SS Tandel Mangal Borkar Vaishali Somani and KS Gokhale 2003

Deterioration of Thane Creek Ecosystem near Thane City over the Past 20

Years Zoology Department BNBandodkar College of Science lsquoDnyanadweeprsquo

Chendani Thane 400 601 Maharashtra India Email 7 Seshaiyana 11 (2) 6

-7pp

37 Hendry P Andrew and Ronald W Hardy 2000 Proximate composition reproductive

Development and a Test for Trade-Offs in Captive Sockeye Salmon

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society129 1082-1095pp

38 Hoque M T F M Yusoff A T Law and M A Syed 1998 Effect of Hydrogen

Sulphide on Liver Somatic Index and Fultonrsquos Condition factor in Mystus

nemurus J of Fish Biology 52 23 -30pp

39 Humphrey Sarah Marine Protected Area Needs in the South Asian Seas Region

Volume 2 India IUCN Marine and Coastal Areas Programme Rue Mauverney

28 1196 Gland Switzerland 1-63pp

40 Jhingaran V G 1982 Fish and Fisheries of India 2nd

Ed Hindustan Publishing Corp

Delhi 666pp

55

41 Joseph Leena ndashEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Studies with Special

Reference to the Impact of Effluent Discharge on the Coastal Waters of

Mumbai Maharashtra Ph D Thesis CIFE 199pp

42 Kitts David D Minh Dieu Huynh Chun Hu and Andrew W Trites 2004 Season

Variation in Nutrition Composition of Alaskan Walleye Pollock Can J

Zool 82 1408-1415pp

43 Kamat Sima V 2003 (Dept Bot PES Coll Farmagudi Ponda Goa

403401)Bioecological Observations of the Aquatic Macrophytes of the

Wetlands of Goa Eco Env Conserv 9 (3) 385-390pp

44 Kuo Shih-Rong and Kwang- Tsao Shao 1999 Species Composition of Fish in the

Tsengwen Estuary with Description of Five New Records from Taiwan

Zoological Studies 38 (4) 391 -404pp

45 Lakshminarayana K 1992 Conservation and Management of the Mangroves of the

Krishna Delta Final Report Of Research Project Andhra University Waltair -

530003 Financed by Department of Environment Forests amp Wildlife Ministry of

Environment and Forests New Delhi pp

46 Lala KD 2004 Aug Water Supply of Thane Municipal Corporation Proceedings of

One Day Seminar on- Pollution of Water Bodies In urban Area (case Study)

Vidya prasarak Mandalrsquos Polytechnic Thane Sponsored by AICTE N Delhi 6-

9pp

47 Laponite and Clark 1992 Nutrient inputs from the Water Based on an assessment of

Dominance and Diversity J Nat Hist 17859-874pp

48 Larsson A Haaux CSjobeck M L and Lithner G 1984 Physiological effects on an

additional stressor on fish exposed to a simulated heavy metal-containing

effluent from a sulphide ore smeltry Ecotxicology and Environmental Safty

8 118-128p

49 LeeR M Gerking S B and Jezierska B 1983 Electrolyte balance and energy

miobiliztion in acidstressed rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri and their

relation to reproductive success Environmental boil Of fish 8115-123p

50 Lowry O H Rosebrough NJ Fare AL Randal RJ 1951 Protein Measurement with

Folinrsquos Phenol Reagent J Biol Chem 193265-275pp

56

51 Luzzana U G Serrini V M Moretti P Grimaldi M A Paleari and F Valfre 1996

Seasonal Variation in Fat Contenet and Fatty Acid Composition of Male

and Female Coregonid lsquoBondellarsquo from Lake Maggiore and Landlocked

Shad From Lake Como (North Italy) J of Fish Biology 48 352 -366pp

52 Madhupratap M K N V Nair T C Gopalkrishnan P Haridas K K C Nair P

Venugopal and Mangesh Gauns 2001 Arabian Sea Oceanography and

Fisheries of the West Coast of India Current Sci 81 (4) 355 -361pp

53 Madhyastha M N P D Rekha and K C Shashikumar Estuary ndash A Significant

Wetland Mangroves and Estuaries 200 pp

54 Mahesh Shindikar Sandeep Jadhav Rajendra Karpe VR Gunale Manish Lale and P

Tetali 2002 Biodegradable solid waste material in the mangroves of

Thane creek

55 Metcalf amp Eddy 1979 Study of Municipal Treatment and Disposal of Waste Water

from Greater Bombay Vol 1 Metcalf amp Eddy Inc Environ Engineering and

consultants- joint venture pp

56 Millory T H 1908 Changes in the Herring during the Reproductive Period Biochem J

3 360-390pp

57 Mishra Vidya 2002 Study of Macrofauna of Mangrove Mudflats of Ulhas River

Estuary Ph D Thesis University Of Mumbai 253pp

58 Mohapatra BC K Rengarajan 2000 Heavy metal toxicity in the Estuarine Coastal

and Marine Ecosystems of India CMFRI Special Pub 69 121pp

59 Morris D L 1948 Quantitative Determination of Carbohydrates with Drywoods

Anthrone reagent Science 107 254-255pp

60 Mutsaddi K B 1964 A Study of Gobioid Boleopthalmus Dussumieri (Cuv amp Val)

Ph D Thesis University Of Bombay pp

61 Naik Nilima 1999 Toxicity Studies With Phospamidon On Gobioid Boleopthalmus

Dussumieri (Cuv amp Val) Ph D Thesis University Of Mumbai pp

62 Nair Tulsi J 1998 Study on Clupeoids Ph D Thesis University of Mumbai pp

57

63 Nath A Verma Prakriti Chand GB Sinha Anuja 2003 (Cell Bio Toxico Lab Dept Zoo

Patna Univ Patna 800005) Degenerative changes in the ovarian cells of

Clarias batrachus due to altered physico chemical parameter of wetlands

J Ecophysio Occupl Hlth 3 (1amp2) 153-159pp

64 Natrajan A V and A G Jhingran 1961 Index of preponderance ndasha Method of

Grading the Food Elements in the Stomach Analysis of Fishes Indian J

Fish 8(1)54-59pp

65 Nelson D W and L E Sommers 1982 Total Carbon Organic Carbon and Organic

Matter In A L Page et al (ed) Methods of soil analysis Part 2 Chemical and

microbiological properties ASA Monograph 9 539-579pp

66 Nikolsky G V 1963 The Ecology of Fishes Academic Press London and New York pp

67 NSW Fisheries 2004 Publication (Cronulla Fisheries Centre 02 Nicholson Parade

CORONULLA NSW 2230) Fishery Management Strategy for the Estuary

General Fishery pp

68 Patil A R 1982 Study of Heavy Metals (Cu Cd amp Hg) in the Aquatic Environment of

Ulhas Mula-Mutha River MSc Thesis University Of Mumbai pp

69 Pejaver M K 1984 Bilogy of some Crustaceans from the creek near Thane City

MSc Thesis University of Bombay 108-143pp

70 Pillay T V R 1952 A Critique of the Methods for Study of Food of Fishes J Zool

Soc India 4185-200pp

71 Qamrul Hasan 1980 Studies on Fishes and Fisheries of the Ulhas River District

Thane J of Univ of Bombay 85 XLIX 25-38pp

72 Qamrul Hasan and K B savant 1981 Some Ecological Aspects of Ulhas River

District Thane Vol I amp II MSc Thesis University of Mumbai pp

73 Qamrul Hasan R 1984 Ulhas Creek Pollution with Reference to Effluents from

MIDC Kalyan ndashBhiwandi and their effects on Mystus gulio (Ham) Ph D

Thesis University of Mumbai pp

58

74 Qasim S Z 1972 The dynamics of food and feeding habits of some marine fishes II

Indian J Fish 19 (1-2) 11-28pp

75 Rathod Sudesh D N N Patil Goldin Quadros and R P Athalye 2002 Qualitative

Study of Fin Fish and Shell Fish Fauna of Thane Creek and Ulhas River

Estuary Proc The National Seminar On Creek Estuaries And Mangroves ndash

Pollution and Conservation Nov 135-141pp

76 Ryu Bong-Suk Ryu Ik-Soo Kim and Young Choi 1995 Ecology and Life History of

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris in Korea J Korean FishSoc 28 (3) pp 316-

324

77 Sagir Ahmed Md Md Aktheruzzaman and Paul Thompson 2002 Katha fishery in the

River Titas Brahmanbaria Bangladesh SUFER Project DFID UGC

Bhaban Agargoan Dhaka 1207 Department of Zoology University of Dhaka

Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh 5 pp

78 Shettu N 1993 Studies on Certain Aspects of Biology of the Gobid Fish

Boleopthalmus dentatus (Cuv Val) Ph D Thesis CIFE P-25pp

79 Shiefter S Seymour Dayton B Novic and Edward Muntwyler 1949 The Estimation of

Glycogen with the Anthron Reagent Federation Proc8 (249) 191pp

80 Singh Khuraijam Bijoykumar the Sacred Grove Of Umanglai Traditional Bio-

Diversity Conservation Manipur Shape of Lokayan 249-256pp

81 Sonawane S R Sumela Sinha B S Khoberagade and D R Deshmukh 2001

Seasonal Variation in Muscle Glycogen Content in the Common carp Cyprinus

carpio J Aqua Biol 16 (1) 68-70pp

82 Suma KP Joy CM 2003 (Dept Bot SNM Coll Moliankara 683516 Kerala)

Hydrobiological studies on mangrove flora and associated algae in

Vypeen Kerala Nature Env Polln Techno vol 2 no 3 269-272pp

83 Tandel S S 1984 ndashBiology of some fishes of Thane Creek near Thane city MSc

Thesis University of Bombay pp

59

84 Tandel S S 1986 Influence of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on a Catfish Mystus gulio

(Ham) from Thane Creek near Thane City Ph D Thesis University of

Bombay pp

85 Tandel S S 1984 Biology of Some Fishes of the Creek near Thane MSc Thesis

University of Bombay 150pp

86 Walkley A amp J A Black 1934 ndashIn Soil and plant analysis by Piper The determination

of organic carbon by rapid titration method Soil Science 37 29-38pp

87 Washio Masato Minoru Tsutsui and Toru Takita 1991 Age and Growth of the

Mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris Distributed in the Mud Flat of

the Midori River Kumamoto Prefecturerdquo Bulletin of the Japanese SocSci

Fisheries vol 57 no 4 637-644pp

88 Wise B S I C Potter and J H Wallace1994 Growth movements and diet of the

terapontid Amniataba caudavittata in an Australian estuary J of Fish

Biology 45 917-931pp

89 Zingade M D S K Trivedi and B N Desai Physico-chemical studies on coastal

pollution off Bombay Ind J of Marine Science 8 271-277pp

90 Zingde M D 2002 A report on Health status of Coastal Marine environment of India

Regional Center National Institute of Oceanography Mumbai 400054 India

2002 pp

Websites sited

1 wwwhttpaucasmbenvisorg

2 wwwhttpfisheriesnswgovau

3 wwwhttpSouth Asia SUSG Fisheries Workshop

4 wwwhttpramsarorgphoto_essay_india_bhojhtm

ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon

2 Epm EPM= early post monsoon

3 LpmLPM = late post monsoon

4 URE = Ulhas River estuary

5 DO = Dissolved oxygen

60

6 BOD = Biochemical oxygen demand

7 IH = Hepatosomatic index

8 LP= light penetration

9 SS = Suspended solids

10 pp = printed pages

2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author sincerely thanks the University of Mumbai for accepting the

proposal and sanctioning the amount of Rs 15000- for this project He also

records his gratitude to the Principal of B N Bandodkar college of Science

Thane Dr (Mrs) Madhuri Pejaver for allowing him to use the infrastructure for

conducting the laboratory work at the Zoology Department using the library and

computer facilities and for the administrative assistance He is indebted to Dr

(Mrs) N N Patil Dr R P Athalye Dr(Mrs) M U Borkar Mr Hemant

Karkhanis Mr Amol Patwardhan Dr V V Bedekar for extending their hands

generously during the project period He also expresses his gratefulness

especially to his colleagues fishermen community the non-teaching staff and

research students Mr Sameer and Mr Adesh from Advance Study Centre of the

B N Bandodkar college of Science without their help project wouldnrsquot have

been a success Author also acknowledges with thanks to everyone who was

involved in the project work directly or indirectly

Mr Sudesh D Rathod

3

PREFACE































4

































5







Maharashtra State

Mr Sudesh D Rathod

Associate Professor

Zoology Deptartment



6

CONTENTS

Title 1

Acknowledgement 2

Preface 3--5




SOME ANTHROPOGENIC

ACTIVITIES INVOLVED







WEBSITES SITED amp


7

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

























8































9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






3

PREFACE































4

































5







Maharashtra State

Mr Sudesh D Rathod

Associate Professor

Zoology Deptartment



6

CONTENTS

Title 1

Acknowledgement 2

Preface 3--5




SOME ANTHROPOGENIC

ACTIVITIES INVOLVED







WEBSITES SITED amp


7

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

























8































9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






4

































5







Maharashtra State

Mr Sudesh D Rathod

Associate Professor

Zoology Deptartment



6

CONTENTS

Title 1

Acknowledgement 2

Preface 3--5




SOME ANTHROPOGENIC

ACTIVITIES INVOLVED







WEBSITES SITED amp


7

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

























8































9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






5







Maharashtra State

Mr Sudesh D Rathod

Associate Professor

Zoology Deptartment



6

CONTENTS

Title 1

Acknowledgement 2

Preface 3--5




SOME ANTHROPOGENIC

ACTIVITIES INVOLVED







WEBSITES SITED amp


7

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

























8































9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






6

CONTENTS

Title 1

Acknowledgement 2

Preface 3--5




SOME ANTHROPOGENIC

ACTIVITIES INVOLVED







WEBSITES SITED amp


7

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

























8































9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






7

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

























8































9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






8































9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






9


oblong white spots




lower jaw



1837) is as follows

i Family- Gobiidae












2003)







10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






10



I2 PLAN OF WORK









and the Kasheli




















11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






11


Map annexure I)






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






12

13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






13

CHAPTER II



ACTIVITIES INVOLVED












MATERIAL AND METHOD







14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






14








II 1i WATER COLOUR







River estuary














15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






15





















of animals






II1v pH of WATER



16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






16





II1vi SALINITY
















estuary (Graph 6)









17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






17


of waters























sewage (Graph 10)

II 2 SEDIMENTS





18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






18






II2i SOIL TEXTURE



1984)






11)















19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






19























it







20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






20











0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

tem

p (

C)

UI UII UIII

21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






21


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


monthas

LP

(cm

)

UI UII UIII



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16


months

SS

(m

gl)

UI UII UIII

22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






22


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


months

pH

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


months

Sa

lin

ity (

oo

o)

UI UII UIII

23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






23


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8


months

DO

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

5

10

15

20

25


months

BO

D (

mg

l)

UI UII UIII

24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






24


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


months

Silic

ate

as (

mg

l)




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

NO

3-N

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII

25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






25


0

01

02

03

04

05

06


month

ph

osp

hate

(m

gl

)

UI UII UIII



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

4


months

o

rg ca

rbo

n

UI UII UIII

26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






26


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Sand Silt Clay




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


month

s

ilt


27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






27


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


months

o

f S

an

d



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


months

o

f C

lay


28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






28

29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






29

CHAPTER III


val)




















30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






30




Sr


1



Val)

Point method

2 Length-weight






al1949)












Kitts 2004)




31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






31














Table III2















14 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Common

(plate 5 )

15 Unidentified sp

(Chlorophyceae)

Rare

(plate 5)

32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






32


Val)

8537

0183 122





Common




(Cuvamp Val)

6271

2723297 1089



1736

6110

7673


33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






33


Val)














cube law














34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






34



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

mon Epm LpmSeason

f

ull

ness




1736122

6287

611183

1089

0 0 149

2723

7732

8537

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


O

ccu

rren

ce




35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






35


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)


2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

length (mm)

we

igh

t (m

g)



36


32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


355

36

365

37

375

38

385

39

395

4

188 19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206 208

log l

log

w


335

34

345

35

355

36

365

37

375

38

385

19 192 194 196 198 2 202 204 206

log l

log

w


37


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 105-115 11063 2173 2044 1337 4178 1788 2732

2 115-125 1200 902 2079 0955 4323 0912 1986

3 125-135 1265 10135 2100 1006 441 1012 2113

4 135-145 1344 2027 2128 1307 453 1708 2782

5 145-155 15067 13275 2178 1123 4744 1261 2446

6 155-165 1600 15405 2204 1188 4858 1411 2618

7 165-176 1730 1907 2238 128 50 1639 2864

8 175-185 1775 20095 2249 1303 5058 1697 2931

sum 8 1722 9499 37101 11428 20472


Sr

No


=X

Log W

=Y

X2 Y2 XY

1 55-65 490 1053 169 0022 2857 000 0037

2 65-75 690 1687 1839 0227 3381 0052 0417

3 75-85 8075 2495 1907 0397 3637 0158 0757

4 85-95 89571 3669 1952 0565 3811 0319 1103

5 95-105 10029 4998 2001 0301 4005 0091 0602

6 105-115 10978 6113 2041 0786 4164 0618 1604

sum 6 943 2696 21855 1635 5317


Sr

No


W=Y

X2 Y

2 XY

1 75-85 7967 2307 1901 0363 3615 0132 069

2 85-95 890 309 1949 0489 88 0239 0953

3 95-105 990 5024 1996 0701 3982 0491 1399

4 105-115 1150 85 2061 0929 4246 0863 1914

5 115-125 1180 945 2072 0974 4293 0949 2018

6 125-135 1290 1304 2111 1115 4455 1243 2353

sum 6 62967 41371 1209 4571 24391 3917 9327

38












0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Monsoon EPM LPM

Season

IH











39









III5i Observations

Table III5

Season Moisture

()

Crude

Protein ()

Lipids () Glycogen

()

Total Ash

()

Monsoon 803 955 063 169 780

EPMonsoon 807 1048 051 240 680

LPMonsoon 801 869 110 120 832








40

41

CHAPTER IV


amp val)






















42















season






IV2 FISHERY











43







44

45

46

47

CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION























48

































49




their burrows







V2 Biological study





















50




season











V3 Conclusion






situation








reasons

51

CHAPTER VI

BIBLIOGRAPHY









Mumbai pp



Vol11 No2 (2003) 5 pp







52


















project 211pp








Ltd N Delhi 470pp



53






296pp







518pp














Zone 41-79pp

54



308pp














-7pp












Delhi 666pp

55






Zool 82 1408-1415pp














9pp






8 118-128p






56












Thane creek





3 360-390pp












57







Fish 8(1)54-59pp







General Fishery pp














58









324



















59



Bombay pp
















2002 pp

Websites sited





ABBRIVIATIONS USED-

1 Mon = monsoon





60






MR. S. D. RATHODdspace.vpmthane.org:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2927/1...waters have become...

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