MR. BECKETTCREATIVE WRITING

Periods/Movements in Art History: A Brief Overview

Romanticism (1780-1850)

Partly a reaction against the Industrial Revolution and against the scientific perspective on nature.

Emotion was at the core of the arts, especially in the expression of the individual’s experience.

The natural world and one’s surroundings was often seen as a means of inspiration.

Romanticism (cont.)

Most Famous Painters of the Romantic Period include: Caspar David Friedrich Eugene Delacroix J.M.W. Turner William Blake Samuel Palmer Philipp Otto Runge Francisco Goya

Romantic Paintings

Flowers by Eugene Delacroix Chinchester Canal by J.M.W. Turner

Realism (1848-1900)

An attempt to represent things accurately and truthfully.

A revolt against the emotionalism of Romanticism.

Portrayed ordinary people and situations, not avoiding unpleasant or nasty aspects of life.

Details of reality were stressed.Industrial and technological advances,

especially photography, let to this movement.

Realism (cont.)

Realist Painters Gustave Coubet Jean-Francois Millet Honore Daumier Edoudard Manet Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot

Realism Paintings

Bonjour, Monsieur Courbet by Gustave Courbet

The Gleaners by Jean-Francois Millet

Impressionism (1865-1885)

Originated in Paris and the artists received a brutal backlash from other artists.

Characterized by small, thin, yet visible brush strokes.

Emphasized accurate depiction of light and how light changes with time.

Used ordinary subject matter, but emphasized the bending and freedom of experiencing the world around us.

Freedom came out in choice of colors and choice of line/brush strokes. Sensation was key.

Impressionism (cont.)

Famous Impressionistic Painters: Claude Monet Edgar Degas Pierre-Auguste Renoir Paul Cezanne Edouard Manet

Impressionistic Paintings

Venice Twilight by Claude MonetThe Pink Dancers, Before the Balletby Edgar Degas

Post Impressionism (1885-1910)

Reaction to and extension of Impressionism. The Post Impressionists found Impressionism boring in its choices.

Also used vivid colors, thick application of paint, distinctive brush strokes, and real life subject matter.

Emphasized geometric shapes and forms, distorted form for expression, and use unnatural and random color.

Post Impressionism (cont.)

Famous Post-Impressionism Painters Paul Cezanne Henri Rousseau Vincent van Gogh Georges Seurat

Post Impressionist Painters/Paintings

Vincent Van Gough

Starry Night

Van Gogh's Room at Arles

Post Impressionist Painters/Paintings (cont.)

A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

Georges Surrat

Mandrill in the Jungle

Henri Rousseau

Expressionism (1900-1935)

Originating in Germany, Expressionism sought to present the world completely from an individual perspective.

The goal was to express meaning, mood, emotion, or experience.

More concern for expression than presenting things as they are in the physical world.

Expressionism (cont.)

Famous Expressionist Artists Egon Schiele Wassily Kandinsky Edvard Munch Paul Klee

Expressionistic Paintings

Sweet Summer Roses by Wassily Kandinsky

ScreamEdvard MunchCat and Bird by Paul Klee

Cubism/Futurism/Constructivism (1905-1920)

Cubism: associated with art produced in Paris objects are analyzed, broken up and reassembled in

an abstract form. Objects/subjects are depicted from multiple view

points.Futurism:

Originated in Italy. Rebelled against all things “past.” Emphasized themes associated with the future: speed,

technology, youth and violence, cars, airplanes, and cities.

Constructivism: Originated in Russia Objects were created not to express beauty but to

push for some larger purpose. The push to create work that would be mass

produced.

Famous Painters/Paintings: Cubism

Cubism: Georges Braque Pablo Picasso Jean Metzinger Albert Gleizes Fernard Leger

Guernica by Pablo Picasso

La Guitare by Georges Braque

Futurism Painters/Paintings

Umberto BoccioniGiacomo BallaGino SeveriniCarlo Carra

The Noise of the Street by Umberto Boccioni

Luchetto by Giacomo Balla

Constructivist Painters/Paintings

Vladimir Tatlin Kasimir Malevich Alexandra Exter Robert AdamsEl Lissitzky

Vladimir Tatlin - Model for the Monument to the Third International, 

Alexandra Exter – Design for a Stage

Dadaism and Surrealism (1917-1950)

Dadaism: Born out of a reaction to the horrors of World War I. Rejected reason, favoring nonsense and irrationality. Some even believe the word “Dada” is a made up,

nonsense word. Was often very anti war in its message. Collage came out Dadaism Many famous Dadaists became Surrealists

Famous Dadaism Paintings

Hannah Höch Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany

Famous PaintersHans ArpRaoul HausmannHannah HöchJohannes Baader

Raoul HausmannABCD (Self-portrait)

Dadaism and Surrealism (cont.)

Surrealism Aimed to address the battling conditions of dream and

reality. Artists paint illogical, “disturbing” scenes with

photographic precision. The idea was to create a realistic looking painting

with strange creature from everyday objects. This “strange creature” was to represent the

unconscious part of our minds (the dream world).

Famous Surrealist Artists/Paintings

Salvador DaliMax ErnstRene MagritteJoan Miro

Salvador Dali – Inspiration in Many Forms

Max Ernst - Célèbes or Elephant Célèbes

Abstract Expressionism (1940s-1950s)

Originated in America (New York City)Emphasis on subconscious mind (like

Surrealism), but also emphasized spontaneity. Rejection of shape in order to create freedom

and emotion.Although criticized for lack of effort/planning,

careful planning went into most paintings.

Famous Abstract Expressionist Painters/Paintings

Jackson Pollock Mark Rothko Helen

FrankenthalerWillem de

KooningPhilip Guston

Jackson Pollock - Convergence

Dirty Grapes – Mark Rothko

Pop Art (1960s)

Originated in Britain in the mid 50s and in the U.S. in the late 50s.

Challenged the art world by including material that was used in pop culture Advertising News Comic Book Characters Popular Icons/Famous People

Aim was to use found, common, or popular material instead of elitist material of the art world.

Pop art aimed to be popular, low cost, mass produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous, and very commercial.

Famous Pop Artists/Paintings

Andy WarholRoy LichtensteinKeith HaringJasper JohnsJean-Michel BasquiatDavid Hockney

Famous Pop Artists/Paintings (cont.)

Andy Warhol– from his collection

Andy Warhol and Jean-Michel BasquiatCollaborative – Op Op

Roy Lichtenstein's Drowning Girl

Post Modernism (1970-Present)

“Modern art” is Romanticism through Pop Art, Post Modern Art seeks to contradict Modern Art.

New forms of art have been developed: Multimedia: using different media to present art

(video, photography, sound, technology, etc.) Installation Art: 3-D art or objects used in art Conceptual Art: Ideas presented are more important

than the beauty of the art. Performance Art: Art that uses living people to create

its art.

Multimedia Installation Art

Types of Post-Modern Art

Conceptual Art Performance Art

Types of Post-Modern Art (cont.)