Mr. Akagi-Bustin's Science - CC313 001 004 L1 SN …...Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law ACADEMIC theory...
Transcript of Mr. Akagi-Bustin's Science - CC313 001 004 L1 SN …...Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law ACADEMIC theory...
States of Matter 77
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-Hill
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.States of MatterName Date
What physical changes and energy changes occur as
matter goes from one state to another?
Before You ReadBefore you read the chapter, think about what you know about states of matter. Record three things that you already know about matter in the first column. Then write three things that you would like to learn about changes in matter in the second column. Complete the final column of the chart when you have finished this chapter.
Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3
NEWsolidliquidviscositysurface tensiongasvapor
REVIEWmatter
NEW kinetic energytemperaturethermal energyvaporizationevaporationcondensationsublimationdeposition
NEW kinetic molecular
theorypressureBoyle’s LawCharles’s Law
ACADEMICtheory
Chapter Vocabulary
KWhat I Know
WWhat I Want to Learn
LWhat I Learned
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78 States of Matter
Lesson 1
Scan Lesson 1. Read the lesson titles and bold words. Look at the pictures. Identify three facts you discovered about matter. Record your facts in your Science Journal.
Solids, Liquids, and GasesC
opyright © G
lencoe/McG
raw-H
ill, a division of The M
cGraw
-Hill C
ompanies, Inc.
Recall the states of matter.
1. 3.
2. 4.
Characterize ways to describe matter.
using the senses
Ways to Describe Matter
using measurements
unit(s):
solid liquid
unit(s):
unit(s):unit(s):
Identify two factors that determine the state of matter.
1. 2.
Explain the free motion of particles.
Describing Matter
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States of Matter 79
Lesson 1 | Solids, Liquids, and Gases (continued)
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.
Relate particle motion to the distance between particles.
Particle
Speedslow faster fastest
Strength of
attractive
forces
Space
between
particles
tight increased spread out
Particle
motion
Characterize solids.
definite particle arrangement:
attractive forces: particle motion:
Solids
Differentiate crystalline solids from amorphous solids.
Crystalline Solids Amorphous Solids
Particle arrangement:
Example property:
Particle arrangement:
Example property:
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Solids
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80 States of Matter
Lesson 1 | Solids, Liquids, and Gases (continued)
Copyright ©
Glencoe/M
cGraw
-Hill, a division of T
he McG
raw-H
ill Com
panies, Inc.
Characterize liquids.
particle motion: attractive forces:
indefinite definite
Liquids
Define viscosity.
Relate cohesion to surface tension.
Cohesion is the Molecules at the surface of a liquid have no
.
Therefore, they experience a
, and produce surface tension.
Describe gases.
indefinite attractive forces:
vapor: particle motion and arrangement:
Gases
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Liquids
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Gases
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Analyze It Hypothesize what would happen if the attractive forces between all of the particles of matter on Earth were equal.
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States of Matter 81
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, Inc
.
Lesson 2
Predict three facts that will be discussed in Lesson 2 after reading the headings. Write your facts in your Science Journal.
Changes in State
Relate kinetic energy and temperature to particle motion. Draw arrows to show correlating increase or decrease.
Particle Motion Kinetic Energy of Particles Temperature
Contrast the potential energy of particles.
Particles farther apart
Particles closer together
Detail changes in thermal energy.
increased
increased
kinetic energy
potential energy
particles move
particles get
particles move
particles get
Add
thermal energy
Remove
thermal energy
Compare thermal energy with temperature.
Kinetic and Potential Energy
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Thermal Energy
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82 States of Matter
Lesson 2 | Changes in State (continued)
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cGraw
-Hill, a division of T
he McG
raw-H
ill Com
panies, Inc.
Model the process of melting. D raw a line to indicate the thermal energy versus temperature changes as a solid changes to a liquid. Label the line to indicate the changes in temperature (T) and potential energy (PE).
Tem
pera
ture
Incr
ease
s
Thermal Energy Increases
Contrast freezing with melting.
Represent the process of boiling . Draw a line to indicate the thermal energy versus temperature changes as a liquid changes to a gas. Label the line to indicate the changes in temperature (T) and potential energy (PE).
Tem
pera
ture
Incr
ease
s
Thermal Energy Increases
Solid to Liquid or Liquid to Solid
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Liquid to Gas or Gas to Liquid
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States of Matter 83
Lesson 2 | Changes in State (continued)
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Differentiate terms associated with changes of state.
Term Description
Vaporization
Evaporation
Boiling
Condensation
Compare sublimation with deposition.
Characterize water.
Melting point: Boiling point:
Unique because:
Restate concepts of conservation of mass and energy.
Mass: Matter changes , but the total amount
of the matter .
Energy: Thermal energy is sometimes by
surrounding matter, but the total energy is .
Connect It Suppose that you want to compare the mass of a block of ice to its mass as liquid water. You mass the ice, and then you mass a pan. You put the ice in the pan and place it over high heat. What will you find if you measure the mass of the water after it has been boiling for several minutes?
Solid to Gas or Gas to Solid
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States of Water
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Conservation of Mass and Energy
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