MOULD OF CAT FUR

ISOLATION AND

IDENTIFICATION OF MOULD FROM FELINE

FUR

NIK NOOR SYAMIMI ISMAIL

1207-2101

DIPLOMA IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED : BY

SUPERVISOR :

MRS. NORASNIDA KAMARULZAMAN

INTRODUCTION Scientific name for cat is Felis catus Felidae is the biological family of the cats. The

most familiar felid is the domestic cat, but the family includes

all other wild cats,

including the big cats. Hundreds of millions of cats are kept as pets around the world. Cats are also used in the fur trade, as food and to control pests.

OBJECTIVES

1. To identify the mould present on cat

fur

2. To study the differ group of mould of

indoor and outdoor cat

ISOLATION & IDENTIFICATION Isolation• The term ‘isolate’ can be applied to any

form or species for separation.• The method is to isolate individual cells

and produce pure culture is by prepare a streak plate and let it grow in incubator

Identification• By taking the specimen to glass slide

that together with stain to see the structure of specimen under microscope

ONE OF FUNGUS DISEASE ON CAT ulcerative dermatitis;

cryptococcal rhinitis through the facial bones

Cryptococcosis is common for where frequent at upper respiratory, and occasional pulmonary involvement; often swelling of the bridge of the nose

DERMATITIS TO HUMAN A fungal dermatitis which

caused by a fungus named Trichophyton Verrucosum not a worm. It gets it's name from ringworm because of the shape of the skin disorder.

Human skin infected with ringworm

Cat skin infected with ringworm

INDOOR & OUTDOOR CATS Indoor Catoften called housecat because they are kept indoor (in house) and valued by humans for companionship, and their ability to hunt household pests.

Outdoor CatCat that not owned by any one individual, but is generally friendly to people and may be fed by several households

METHODOLOGY Preparation of Agar

Weight the agar

powder

Calculate the

standard method

Mix with distilled water

Heat and stir on

hotplate and stirrer

Autoclave

Rinse with water to let

it cool

Pour plate Agar hardened and ready to be

use

SABOURAUD’S DEXTROSE AGAR (SDA)

Selective medium is formulated to allow growth of fungi, cultivate dermatophytes and inhibit the growth of bacteria

Dermatophytes is a fungus that commonly causes skin disease in animals and humans.

YEAST EXTRACT PEPTONE DEXTROSE (YPD/YEPD)

YPD, is a complete medium for yeast growth and not a selective medium.

Nutritionally rich medium for the growth of

Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is a species of yeast used in baking, winemaking & brewing of beer making

LACTOPHENOL COTTON BLUE STAINS The cotton blue is the one that gives the

colour and permit to visualize the fungi under microscope. The stain adheres (stick or absorb) to the chitin of the fungi walls of hyphae and conidia

Hyphae

METHODOLOGY Staining of Fungus by using Lactophenol

cotton blue

Add a drop of stain

Flame the needle

Pick mycelia Spread to the stain

Flame the needle

Place coverslipView under microscope

AREA SPECIMENS

1. NOSE2. CHIN

3. CHEEK (LEFT)4. UPPER HEAD

3

2

14

METHODOLOGY Taking the specimen

Sterilized transport medium

was open

Cotton swab taken &

swabbed on the places

(nose, head, cheek &

chin)

Cotton swab was

inserted to the

transport medium

and labelled

Streak to agar using cotton swab

that was swabbed

Lid of agar plate was

closed and

inverted

Agar plates

were put in

incubator at 25oC &

for 5-7 days

RESULTS

CANDIDA ALBICANS1

From experimentLight microscope40x magnifier

From referenceLight microscope150x magnifier

ASPERGILLUS NIGER2



CLADOPHIALOPHORA CARRIONII

3



ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS4



5 SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE



TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM6



CUNNINGHAMELLA BERTHOLLETIAE

7



BLACK

OUTDOOR CATHOSTEL TPM COLLEGE2-4 YEARS OLDFEMALE

SDA agar YPD agar

HEAD

4. Aspergillius flavus 7. Cunninghamella bertholletiae

5. Saccharomyces cerevisiae7. Cunninghamella bertholletiae

4

7

5

7

SDA agar YPD agar

CHEEK

4. Aspergillius flavus 2. Aspergillus niger

2

4

SDA agar YPD agar

CHIN

2. Aspergillus niger4. Aspergillus flavus

Contaminated

4

2

SDA agar YPD agar

NOSE

3. Cladophialophora carrionii4. Aspergillus flavus7. Cunninghamella bertholletiae

Contaminated

4

73

OREO

OUTDOOR CATHOSTEL TPM COLLEGE1.5-2 YEARSMALE

SDA agar YPD agar

HEAD

2. Aspergillus niger3. Cladophialophora carrionii6. Trichophyton rubrum

5. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2

6 3

5

SDA agar YPD agar

CHEEK

2. Aspergillus niger5. Saccharomyces cerevisiae


2

5 5

SDA agar YPD agar

CHIN

4. Aspergillus flavus6. Trichophyton rubrum

Contaminated

46

SDA agar YPD agar

NOSE



55

OYEN

INDOOR CATFLAT, WEST PORT,KLANG2-3 YEARSMALE

SDA agar YPD agar

HEAD

2. Aspergillus niger4. Aspergillus flavus7. Cunninghamella bertholletiae

Contaminated

4

2

7

SDA agar YPD agar

CHEEK

1. Candida albicans6. Trichophyton rubrum


1

7

6

SDA agar YPD agar

CHIN

2. Aspergillus niger4. Aspergillus flavus6. Trichophyton rubrum

2. Aspergillus niger3. Cladophialophora carrionii

4

2

6

3

2

SDA agar YPD agar

NOSE

2. Aspergillus niger4. Aspergillus flavus3. Cladophialophora carrionii


4 2 73 5

DISCUSSION The fungus growth on SDA agar and YDP agar

are Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans and yeasts

Overall, Aspergillus sp. is have the most growth of fungus that have on agar plates (KSJang, 2007) For the fungus growth; indoor cat have more fungus species numbers than outdoor cat KSJang, 2007

This is because indoor cat lives in a house is humid, limited ventilation and space (flat house).

The air also mixed with chemicals and skin debris from the people live in the house

DISCUSSION Contaminated agar plates were due to

unsterilized condition of incubator and laboratory where moths and ants can get in to the incubator

It also because the agar plates were not sealed as the Parafilm were absent

CONCLUSION Through this experiment, all the

objectives have accomplished. The species of mould that both indoor and outdoor cat have on cat fur is Aspergillus sp. The group of moulds or fungus present on fur of indoor have more mould than outdoor cat

REFERENCES Kye-Seung Jang, Yeo-Hong Yun, Hun-Dal Yoo, &

Seong Hwan Kim (2007). Molds Isolated from Pet Dogs. doi:10.4489/MYCO.2007.35.2.100

Tournas, V., Stack, M. E., Mislivec, P. B., Koch, H. A., & Bandler, R. (2001, April). BAM: Yeasts, Molds and Mycotoxins. BAM: Yeasts, Molds and Mycotoxins.

Hall, L., Wohlfiel, S., & Roberts, G. D. (2003). Experience with the MicroSeq D2 Large-Subunit Ribosomal DNA Sequencing Kit for Identification of Commonly Encountered, Clinically Important Yeast Species. Introduction to Clinical Mycology, Part 4.

MOULD OF CAT FUR

Health & Medicine

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