Motorcycle&ExhaustEmission id iinIndonesia...MotorcycleSalesinIndonesiaMotorcycleSalesinIndonesia...

Motorcycle�&�Exhaust�Emissioni d iin�Indonesia

Industry�&�Technology�CommitteeAISIAISI

JARI�Indonesia�Round�Table�MeetingJakarta,�14�Feb�2008

JARI�Indonesia�Round�Table�Meeting 114�Feb�08

Contents:Contents:

1 AISI M b1. AISI�Members2. Motorcycle�Market3. Exhaust�Emission�Regulation4. Exhaust�Emission�Reduction�Technology5. Comprehensive�Vehicle�Pollution�Control�

Strategy6. What�AISI�has�achieved7. Problems8. Conclusion


1 AISI Members:1.�AISI�Members:

1. PT Astra Honda Motor http:/www.astra-honda.com

2. PT Inti Kanzen Motor http://www.intikanzenmotor.com

3 PT K ki M t I d i htt // k ki t id3. PT Kawasaki Motor Indonesia http://www.kawasaki-motor.co.id

4. PT Kymco Lippo Motor Indonesia http://www.kymco.co.id

5. PT Danmotor Indonesia

6 PT Indomobil Suzuki International http://www suzuki co id6. PT Indomobil Suzuki International http://www.suzuki.co.id

7. PT Yamaha Indonesia Motor Manufacturing http://www.yamaha-motor.co.id

14�Feb�08 JARI�Indonesia�Round�Table�Meeting 3

2 Motorcycle Market 20072.�Motorcycle�Market�2007ChinaChina25 Asia�is�the�center�of�

motorcycle�production��45�Million�

India7.85

EU�(2006)�1.44

Thai1.59 Japan

0.72USA0.95

Vietnam�2.7

Philippines0 48

Malaysia0.42

Brazil�1.60�

Taiwan0.75

Indonesia4.71

0.48

JARI�Indonesia�Round�Table�Meeting4

14�Feb�08

Motorcycle in use in selected countriesMotorcycle�in�use�in�selected�countries�(2005)

52

60

India�(2004)

China�(2003)

15

16

33

Vietnam

Thailand

Indonesia

13

13

15

Japan

Taiwan

Vietnam

5

9

USA�(2003)

Brazil

0 20 40 60 80�S�S��


Motorcycle Sales in IndonesiaMotorcycle�Sales�in�Indonesia

F l P i6,000�

lFuel�Price5,089�

4,471�4,714�5,000�

,

Thou

sand

s Fuel�Price

2,824�

3,901�

3,000�

4,000�

Unit�)

Economy�Crisis

1 036

1,427�

1,853�1,651�

2,318�

2,000�Sales�(

Economy�Crisis

415� 440� 487�622�

785�1,036�

518� 587�

979�

0�

1,000�

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007


Share�of�4�Stroke�vs 2�Stroke�Motorcyclein�Indonesia

92.4

96.9 98.6 99.4100.0

69 3

74.977.2 78.8

81.585.0

88.692.4

80.0

90.0

57.6

65.5

54.3

59.3

54.252.3

60.5

69.3

50 0

60.0

70.0

4�Stroke

42.4

34.5

45.7

40.7

45.847.7

39.5

30.0

40.0

50.0

Share�(%

)

2�Stroke

30.7

25.122.8 21.2

18.515.0

11.410.0

20.0

30.0S

11.47.6

3.1 1.4 0.60.0

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008


2�1��Situation�of�World�Exhaust�Emission�Regulation3.�Exhaust�Emission�Regulation

ECE/EU�or�their�derivativeECE/EU�or�their�derivative(ECE40 mode)(ECE40 mode) OthersOthers

EPA/CARB�typeEPA/CARB�typeFTP (LAFTP (LA 4 mode)4 mode)(ECE40��mode)(ECE40��mode)

European�countries

FTP�(LAFTP�(LA��4��mode)4��mode)

Asian countries USA,�CanadaAsian�countries

Brazil

Taiwan

IndiaBrazil

World�Trend��ECE RegulationECE�Regulation�

14�Feb�08 8JARI�Indonesia�Round�Table�Meeting

Exhaust�Emission�Regulation�for�New�&�Current�Type�Motorcycle�in�Indonesia2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Exh. Emission Limit (Euro 2)

MOE

Decree No.

141/2003


(Test Method ECE R40)

CO = 5.5 g/km

HC = 1.2 g/km (<150 cm3)

1.0 g/km (>150 cm3)

New Type

1 Jan 2005 ?1.0 g/km ( 150 cm3)

NOx = 0.3 g/km

1 Jul 2006

Current Type

4 Stroke


(Test Method ECE R40+EUDC)

CO = 2.0 g/km

HC = 0.8 g/km (<150 cm3)1 Jan 2007

Current Type

2 Stroke

g ( )

0.3 g/km (>150 cm3)

NOx = 0.15 g/km


Exhaust�Emission�Regulation�for�In�use Motorcycle in�Indonesia

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

MOE

Decree No.

5/2006

< 2010

Idle Exhaust Emission Limit

(Test Method SNI )

2 Stroke:

> 2010

Idle Exhaust Emission Limit

(Test Method SNI )

2 Stroke & 4 Stroke

CO = 4.5% HC = 12,000 ppm

4 Stroke:

CO = 5.5 % HC = 2,400 ppm

2 Stroke & 4 Stroke

CO = 4.5% HC = 2,000 ppm


4 Exhaust Emission Reduction Technology4.�Exhaust�Emission�Reduction�Technology

For�Euro�2:1 Carburetor improvement1. Carburetor��improvement�

Machining�tolerance�for�A/F�accuracy�improvement

2 Engine modification2. Engine�modificationValve�timing,�combustion�chamber�shape,�compression ratio ignition timingcompression�ratio,�ignition�timing.

3. Secondary�Air�Injection

4. Metal�catalyst�and�heat�guard


Technology for Euro 2Technology�for�Euro�2

Engine�ModificationCarburetor�improvement

Need to reduce machining tolerance

for A/F acc rac impro ement� Valve�Timing

for A/F accuracy improvementg

� Shape�of�combustion�chamber

Jet needleFloat level � Compression�ratio

� Ignition�timingg g

Slow air jetSlow jet



Secondary�Air�Injection

� During�engine�ON,�fresh�air�O2

AI control valve

injected�to�muffler�through�AI�control�valve. �b�b�n�n�C�C�g�g�b�b�C�C

AI control valve

� Inside�muffler,�fresh�air�(O2)�will�react�with�CO�&�HC�(Poisonous gas) by chemical(Poisonous�gas)�by�chemical�reaction�&�produce�CO2 &�H2O�(Non�poisonous�gas)2 ( p g )

2CO + O2 � 2CO2

HC + O2 � CO2 + H20�b�n2�C�g2O�C


HC + O2 � CO2 + H20


CAT�&�Heat�Guard Metal�Catalyst

Metal�CAT

CAT/Heat�guard


4 Exhaust Emission Reduction Technology4.�Exhaust�Emission�Reduction�Technology

For�Euro�3:

1 Technology for Euro 21. Technology�for�Euro�2�+

2. Fuel�Injection

3. Oxygen�Sensor


3�2��Technology�beyond�EURO�2

Technology for Euro 3Carb�System FI�System

Technology�for�Euro�3

�E�EIntake Air Temp.�Sensor�E�EMAP Sensor�E�EThrottle Position Sensor�E�EThrottle Position Sensor

�E�EWater(Oil)�Temp.�Sensor

Fuel Pump�EEngine�RPM

FI�ECM

�E�EEngine RPM

High Pressure Fuel

ICU

Fuel�Tank

Fuel�InjectorIg.CoilIgnition Coil

Throttle BodyIg.�PlugCarburetor

Ig.�Plug


3�2��Technology�beyond�EURO�2


ECU

Feedback

FI

O2 Sensor


5.�Elements�of�a�Comprehensive�Vehicle�Pollution�Control�Strategy

Vehicle�Technology

Clean�Fuels�&�Lube

Emission�Standard

Maintenance�& Inspection

Transport�Management &�InspectionManagement


6 What AISI has achieved6.�What�AISI�has�achieved

• AISI�has�always�actively�participated�in�the�regulation�making�process.g g p

• Products�of�AISI�members�have�complied�with�Exhaust Emission Regulation i e MOE DecreeExhaust�Emission�Regulation�i.e.�MOE�Decree�No.�141/2003

• Some�of�AISI�members�have�invested�Mode�Exhaust Emission LaboratoryExhaust�Emission�Laboratory


6 What AISI has achieved6.�What�AISI�has�achieved

Mode�Exhaust�Emission�Laboratory


7 Problems:7.�Problems:

dif i i l i h1. Modifying�or�tampering�motorcycle�with�non�standard�parts�which�are�not�comply�with�regulation�(e.g.�muffler,�lamps�etc.)�is�in�increasing.

2. The�exhaust�emission�limit�for�in�use�motorcycle�has�been�regulated,�however�the�y g ,system�of��periodical�check�has�not�been��established.established.


8 Conclusion:8.�Conclusion:

h bl i d i1. The�problems�mentioned�on�previous�page�make�the�exhaust�emission�reduction�technology�applied�not�effective.

2. Asia�is�the�biggest�market�and�producer�for�gg pmotorcycle.Asian�governments�should�be�encouraged�to�g gtake�more�leading�initiatives�in�the�regulating�and controlling of emission reduction.and�controlling�of�emission�reduction.


Thank YouThank�YouTerima KasihTerima Kasih


NotesNotes


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