MOTION- Velocity, Acceleration,graphs
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Transcript of MOTION- Velocity, Acceleration,graphs
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Speed and velocity
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Learning objectives
Students will be able to• Define speed• Define velocity• Calculate speed and velocity
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WARM UP
Usain Bolt Wins Olympic 100m Gold - London 2012 Olympics.mp4
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Speed• Distance moved per second or rate of
change of distance• It is scalar quantity• Unit-m/s• Average speed=Distance travelled/time
taken
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Velocity
• Velocity measures rate of change of displacement
• Average velocity=Displacement/time taken• It is a vector quantity.• Unit- m/s
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CONTINOUS ASSESSMENT1.What does the speedometer of a car measure?
2.A car travels a distance of 2oom and returns to the original position after 5min.What is the speed and velocity of the car?3.What is the eqn. for speed?4.What is the eqn. for time taken?
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Final assessment1.a)Define speed b) Define velocity
(page42)
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HOME WORK
• Page.33 Example.2
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GRAPHSDisplacement –time graph
a) Body at rest
t
S
t(s) 0 1 2 3 4
S(m) 2 2 2 2 2
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b)Body moving with steady velocity
Gradient=Gradient of displacement –time graph gives velocity. Steeper the line ,larger the velocity.
t
s
t(s) 0 1 2 3 4
S(m) 0 5 10 15 20
Time
ntDisplaceme
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c)Accelerating body
a=2m/s²
Gradient at different time instants are different, as the velocity is changing at every instant.Gradient at any instant gives the instantaneous velocity
t
st 0 1s 2s 3s 4s
s 0m 1m 4m 9m 16
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d)Decelerating body
t
s
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Velocity –time grapha) Body moving with steady velocity
t
v
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b)Body moving with steady acceleration
• Gradient=• Gradient of velocity –time graph gives
acceleration. • Steeper the line ,larger the acceleration.
t
v
t(s) 0 1 2 3 4
v(m/s) 0 5 10 15 20
onacceleratiTime
locityChangeinve
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c)Body moving with steady deceleration
• Gradient=• Gradient of velocity –time graph gives
acceleration. • Steeper the line ,larger the deceleration.
t
v
t(s) 0 1 2 3 4
v(m/s) 20 15 10 5 0
ondecelerationacceleratiTime
locityChangeinve/
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Area under the velocity –Time graph gives the displacement
Calculate the total displacement of the given body using the given velocity time graph.
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OA-accelerated motion; Displacement = 100mAB-Steady velocity ; Displacement = 400mBC—decelerated motion; Displacement = 50mTotal displacement = 100+400+50=550m
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Page43. Qn . 8
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a) acceleration= gradient of OA =change on y/change on x =y2-y1/X2-X1 =2-0/3-0 =2/3 =1.5m/s²b) Decelerates, its velocity becomes zero and it reaches the maximum height.c)At point C the velocity of the lift is zero. The height=Displacement=area under OABC = ½ × 3 × 2 + 6 × 2 + ½ × 3 × 2 =3+12+3=18m.d)The lift starts moving down. First it accelerates in the downward direction.Then it starts decelerating and come to rest e) 18-6=12m
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