MOTHERBOARDPresented By

VIPIN KUMAR

FROM JCHNE

INTRODUCTION

Motherboard is a main (PCB) printed circuit board.

Where are all the components or devices are connected directly

and indirectly.

TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD

• INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

• NON INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

• DESKTOP MOTHERBOARD

• LAPTOP MOTHERBOARD

• SERVER MOTHER BORD

•

• AT MOTHERBOARD

• ATX MOTHERBORD

TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD BASED ON DEVICES THEY SUPPORT

• Integrated motherboard

• Non integrated motherboard

INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

An integrated system board has multiple components integrated into the board itself. These may include the CPU video card , sound card

and various controller cards.

NON INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

Non integrated system board uses installable components and

expansion cards. For example, non integrated system board may

allow you to upgrade the video card by removing the old one and

installing a new one. Non integrated motherboard typicaly have

several PCI expansion slots as well.

TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD BASED ON FORM FACTOR

1. AT

2 . ATX

AT MOTHERBOARD

AT MOTHERBOARD IS A MOTHERBOARD WHICH HAS DIMENSIONS OF THE ORDER OF SOME HUNDRED

MILLIMETERS, BIG ENOUGH TO BE UNABLE TO FIT IN MINI DESKTOP.

ATX MOTHERBOARD

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY EXTENDED,OR POPULARLY KNOWN AS THE ATX, ARE THE MOTHERBOARD WHICH

WERE PRODUCED BY THE INTEL IN MID 90`S AS AN IMPROVEMENT FROM THE PREVIOUSLY WORKING

MOTHERBOARD SUCH AS AT.

TYPES MOTHERBOARD BASED ON USE

1. Desktop motherboard

2. laptop Motherboard

3. server motherboard

DESKTOP MOTHERBOARD

• Desktop motherboard are used in personal or

desktop computer. As it is used for application at

home and in office, this type of motherboard is the

most basic type

LAPTOP MOTHERBOARD

• Laptop motherboard is used to connect different parts of a laptop

system. These motherboard generally have very advanced

features as compared to the desktop motherboard and most of

the functions have been integrated into the laptop motherboard

SERVER MOTHERBOARD

• Server motherboard are more advanced then desktop

motherboard and are designed to offer high -end service which

are more reliable and ready to operate in 24*7 environments.

MANUFACTURERS OF MOTHERBOARD

Motherboard are available in various sizes and configurations.

Some motherboard support 32 and 64 bit processor as well

operating system. It is manufacturers by many companies such as.

1. Asus

3. Intel

3. MSI

4. Gigabyte.

ASUS MOTHERBOARD

INTEL MOTHERBOARD

GIGABYTE MOTHERBOARD

MSI MOTHERBOARD

FORM FACTOR MOTHERBOARD

REPRESENT THE SIZE OR SHAPE OF MOTHERBOARD

1. ATX

2. MICRO ATX

3. LPX

4. NLX

5. BTX

SEE MORE……..

ATX MOTHERBOARD

• IMPROVEMENT DONE IN EASLY TO USE, SUPPORT FOR

CURRENT AND FUTURE I/O, AND ALSO TO CURRENT AND

FUTURE TECHNOLOGY.

MICRO ATX MOTHERBOARD

• SUPPORTS CURRENT AND NEW PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGIES .

AGP (ACCELERATED GRAPHICS PORT) TO HAVE HIGH

PERFORMANCE GRAPHICES

LPX MOTHERBOARD

.BASED ON DESIGN BY WESTERN DIGITAL.

.Usually found in desktop pc’s.

. High quality product at low cost but makes difficult to

upgrade and repair.

NLX MOTHERBOARD

• support current and future processor technologies.

• also support new AGP and tall memory technology.

• installing and upgrading the system is easy.

BTX MOTHERBOARD

The BTX, or Balanced Technology Extended form factor,

unlike its predecessors is not an evolution of a previous

form factor but a total break away from the popular and

dominating ATX form factor

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/BTX.html

MOTHERBOARD COMPONENTS1 CLOCK GENRATER

2. CPU socket

3. Memory Socket Memory error checking

4. BIOS RAM

5. CMOS Ram

6. Battery

7. Chipset

8. Expansion Slot

9. AGP Port

10. IDE Ports

11.SERIAL PORTS

12.

13. Floppy Disk port

14. IO Connectors/USB ports USB port add more printer ports

15. Main Power Connector1

16. Front Panel Connecting Pin

17.CPU FAN SOCKET

18.NORTH BRIDGE

CPU COMPONENTS

CHIPSET

• Chip set is a set of IC.

• The combination of

the North and Southbridge

in a computer is Called

the chipset.

SUPER I\O CHIP

SUPER I/O CHIP IS A SINGLE CHIP WHICH CANTROLS SLOWER I/O DEVICES WHICH ARE NOT CONTROLLED BY SOUTH BRIDGE.

MEMORY SOCKET( DIMM SOCKET

• There are 3 types of memory that currently popular used in the PC,

1. RD RAM

2. DDR RAM

3. SD RAM

CONTINUE….

RDRAM Memory

-Used in Pentium 4 motherboard

- 2 Notches

-highest performance and is most

expensive.

DDR ram

-128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB.

-medium high performance and

medium price.

SDRAM

-lowest performance and lowest

price.

CPU SOCKET

• A CPU socket or slot is an electrical

component that attaches to a printed

circuit board (PCB) and is designed to

house a CPU (also called a

microprocessor).

• It is a special type of integrated circuit

socket designed for very high pin counts.

• CPU sockets on the motherboard can

most often be found in most desktop

and server computers (laptops typically

use surface mount CPUs), particularly

those based on the Intelx86 architecture.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_computer

The CPU and RAM Communication

The CPU

processes data.

The RAM

contains data

and programs.

The data bus transports the

processed data to the RAM so

it can be stored, displayed, or

output.

Read-Only Memory can

be read but not changed.

It is non-volatile storage: it remembers its contents even when the power is turned off.

ROM chips are used to store the instructions a computer needs during start-up, called firmware.

Some kinds of ROM are PROM, EPROM, EEPROM,

and CD-ROM.

ROM Bios

CMOS BATTERY

o This is a 3 volt battery, this

battery supplies the power

to CMOS ram for CMOS

ram to retain the

information during system

powered off, the battery

may be last for 5 or 6 years.• ITS MAIN WORK TO

SET DATE AND TIME

EXPANSION SLOT ( PCI )

• Expansion slot or Expansion bus is the slot that enable the user to add

the adapter card for additional function to the system

Example.

Sound card or Multimedia

LAN card.

SCSI controller card.

Internal Modem card.

TV tuner card.

Additional hard disc controller card.

(AGP PORT)

AGP ( Accelerated Graphic Port ) port is a high speed data transfer

port, this port is used by the display adapter card that demands so

much data with in short period of time.

I/O USB PORTS

Selecting a Motherboard

• Some questions to ask when picking a motherboard

– What form factor does the motherboard use?

– Does the motherboard provide proper CPU support?

– What type of BIOS does the motherboard use?

– Does the board fit the case you plan to use?

– What is the warranty on the board?

• Embedded (on-board) component

– Component located on the board

– Avoid board with too many embedded components

• Such boards do not easily accept add-on devices