Moscow

History Sights Modern Moscow

Made by Nastya Akst & Kate Dzyuba,

Buguruslan, 2013

Moscow is the capital of Russia, its political, economic, commercial and cultural centre. It was founded 8 centuries ago by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. Historians have accepted the year of 1147 as the start of Moscow's history.Gradually the city became more and more powerful. In the 13th century Moscow was the centre of the straggle of Russian lands for the liberation from the Tartar Yoke.

History

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In the 16th century under Ivan the Terrible Moscow became the capital of the new united state. Though Peter the Great moved the capital to St Petersburg in 1712, Moscow remained the heart of Russia. That is why it became the main target of Napoleon's attack. Three-quarters of the city was destroyed by fire during Napoleon's occupation, but by the mid-19th century Moscow had been completely restored. After the October revolution Moscow became the capital again.

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The Sights of Moscow Moscow is one of the

most beautiful cities in the world. The heart of Moscow is Red Square.

It has more historic associations than any other place in Moscow.

The Kremlin and St Basil's Cathedral (Vasily

Blazheny) are masterpieces of ancient

Russian architecture.

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Theatres

Metro Museums

St. Basil‘s Cathedral

Gorky Park

GUM

Kremlin

THE KREMLIN is the historic heart of Moscow. It is a complex of buildings on THE MOSKVA RIVER. In the foreground is THE WATER TOWER and behind it is THE GREAT KREMLIN PALACE. The building with the golden domes is THE CATHEDRAL OF THE ANNUNCIATION.

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The Kremlin was a medieval Russian fortress, usually built at a strategic point along a river and separated from the surrounding parts of its adjoining city by a wooden—later stone or brick—wall with a moat, ramparts, towers, and battlements.

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The main Kremlin tower, the Spasskaya Tower, has become the symbol of the country. On the territory of the Kremlin you can see old cathedrals, the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, the Tzar-Cannon and the Tzar-Bell, the biggest cannon and bell in the world.

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Moscow MuseumsThere are more than 100

museums in Moscow. The largest museums are

the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and

the State Tretyakov Gallery.

Other unique museums in Moscow include

the State History Museum, the All-Russia Museum of Folk

Arts, the Andrei Rublev Museum of

Early Russian Art, Alexei Bakhrushin Theatre

Museum, Mikhail Glinka Museum of Musical Culture and many

others.

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Moscow TheatresMoscow is famous for its

theatres. The best-known of them is the

Bolshoi Opera House. Drama theatres and

studios are also very popular.

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The Bolshoi Theatre is a historic theatre in Moscow, designed by architect  Joseph Bove, which holds performances of ballet and opera. The theatre's original name was the Imperial

Bolshoi Theatre of Moscow.

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St Basil's Cathedralwas built in the mid-16th century in memory of the victory over Kazan. There's a legend that Ivan the Terrible blinded the architects Barma and Postnik, because he didn't want them to create another masterpiece.

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MOSCOW’S METRO SYSTEM is

the most beautiful public

transport system the world has

ever known. Built in 1935 – and still being expanded – it was described by Joseph Stalin as the “People’s

Palaces”.Back

Metro

Now Moscow is one of the largest cities in Europe. Its total area is about nine hundred square kilometers (ancient Moscow occupied the territory of the present-day Kremlin). The population of the city is over 9 million people.

Modern Moscow

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Gorky Park Gorky Park is a Moscow landmark that is always popular with locals. Laid out in 1928, the park stretches along the banks of the Moscow River, and is divided into two parts. The first is primarily of interest to children, as it contains a range of funfair rides and rollercoasters. You can also hire boats or horses, go bungee jumping, and there's a sports club with tennis courts. In winter the whole area becomes a vast skating rink with skate hire, disco lights and music to match.

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The other, older, half of the park

consists of formal gardens and

woodland. There are a number of fine old

buildings dating from the late 18th

and early 19th Centuries. Nearby is the enormous Green Theater, an outdoor

amphitheater that hosts various gigs

and concerts in the summer months.

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Russia's most famous shopping mall is the State Department Store, GUM. Nowadays the rows of exclusive boutiques are accessible to anyone with a platinum card. Even if you don't intend to buy anything, a tour of Red Square should always include a quick stroll down the aisles of GUM.

GUM

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