More about…Ectoparasites

Laboratory Procedures

Remember Ectoparasites?

Major Classes of Ectoparasites

Arthropods _________________ _________________

Insects

___________ ___________ ___________

Lice (______________)

Mallophaga (________________________)Trichodectes canis (_________________)

Anoplura (_________________________)Linognathus setosus (_______________)

Trichodectes canis (Biting louse)

Found as ___________________ in the cat

Cause ______________ hair coat, ____________ and ______________

May act as intermediate host to ____________________________.

Trichodectes canis

Linognathus setosus (______________ louse of dogs)

Causes ________________, itching, _______________, alopecia, ____________, roughened hair coat

Usually transmitted by ___________________, but all life stages may be transmitted by _______________.

Are _______________________.

Ctenocephalides felis (Flea)

Infest dogs and cats Vector for _________________ caninum,

tularemia, plague, etc. Die at temperatures below ______° F for 48

hours or at temperatures above _________° F for several days

Over ________ species of fleas worldwide Severe infestations can cause __________.

Flea Life Cycle Eggs laid at rate of up to _____ per _____. After about ___days, larvae hatch and feed on

any organic material for __________ days. (Preferred meal is “___________________”)

Before becoming adults, larvae spin a ___________and develop into an adult flea. Adult will remain in _______ until they sense ____________ or increase in _______, causing them to emerge and find their host.

Life cycles of Ctenocephalides felis

Adult flea

Flea allergy dermatitis

Cuterebra (Rodent Bot Fly larva) Infests ____________, companion animals and

occasionally _____________. (____________) __________ stage that infests skin Acts as an irritant _______________ may be fatal Have a cutaneous lump with a breathing hole Use care when extracting as crushing larva may

result in ________________.

Cuterebra embedded in skin

Arachnids (_____________) Sarcoptes scabiei (______________) Demodex canis (________________________) Otodectes cynotis (_______________) Cheyletiella parasitivorax

(___________________) Rhipicephalus sanguineus (________________) Dermacentor variabilis (___________________) Amblyomma americanum (________________) Ixodes scapularis (____________________)

The Mites

Sarcoptes scabiei/ Notoedres cati Demodex canis Otodectes cynotis Cheyletiella parasitivorax

Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies) Found as _________________________ in cats Causes intense itching, dry and thickened skin. Is contagious to ____________ and other pets Mites burrow under the skin so may be difficult

to diagnose. Diagnose through a _________________. Usually have “ventral blowout”

Demodex canis (Demodectic Mange) Rare in _____________ Causes areas of alopecia on _________, ________, and

forelimbs. Can be ______________ or _______________. Diagnosed with ______________________. (May also pluck

hair from root) Is not _____________________ Small numbers considered ________________ on skin flora. Genetic ________________________.

Demodex mite “hiding” on a hair pluck

Otodectes cynotis (Ear mites)

Intense _____________ of the ear canal. Can be found on any area of the body. Not very common in ___________. Feed on ________________________

and are easily ________________.

Otodectes cynotis

Cheyletiella parasitivorax (Walking Dander mite) Causes mild ______________ and

_______________. May cause _________________ in humans Ingest ____________ debris and tissue fluids Have enormous _______________

accessory mouthparts Are __________________________.

The Ticks Argasid ticks (_____________)

Otobius megnini (ear tick)Argas persicus (fowl tick)

Ixodid ticks (________________) Ixodes scapularisRhipicephalus sanguineusDermacentor variabilisAmblyomma americanum

Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Brown dog tick)

Vector for canine _____________and canine __________________________.

May cause __________________ when found in large numbers.

Common in North America and Hawaii, especially ________________ and __________________ states.

_____________ intolerant.

Babesia canis

Ehrlichia canis

Morulae present in Monocyte

Rhipicephalus sanguineus

Female R. sanguineus w/ eggs

Dermacentor Variabilis (American Dog Tick)

Feeds on small mammals but can also feed on ________ and ____________.

Vector for ___________________Fever, ______________, and can cause _______________________ in animals and humans.

May cause Cytauzoon felis in cats.

Amblyomma americanum (Lone Star tick)

Gets name from white spot on apex of __________ Feeds on ___________ and _____________ May be vector for

____________________________and ____________. Vector of ________________________________. Found in US from central ____________through

_____________ and along _________Coast. Life Cycle can take up to _____________ to complete.

Amblyomma americanum

Ixodes scapularis (Deer tick)

Sometimes called “__________________” Vector for ____________________,

______________________________, and _______________________.

Found in _____states, from ________ -____________; including all midwestern states as far north as ______________.