Mor Bat Trail

8/3/2019 Mor Bat Trail

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3/24

U.S. Normn Battalion Trail Award tt

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(21600,21600);(21600,0);(18329,0);fBehindDocument1This t r a i laward May be earner . by Cubs,. i+,:l eveiX m' 3cl:t< Old Scout O, Scouts,Varsity Scouts and gxplorems and. the i r leaders by completing a l l 04 therequ .r.'emrrlt p re lat in g to the tr a i l s which

r r : t ? e . 1 . .1 . o t t Y e r l tot1)'i f u Pu l T d .hy the Mormon Battalion of the C.f SArmy. This volunteer

,unit;: wa S i'carulted tc fight; in the War with Mexico

The war had developed from disputes overte:t.ito-,&.1: O . o h I . r ,

r .The main. objective of the award is to stimulate an interest s t in.learning more aoS,,.tnt, t i l l hi st o r y or our oouu.1_..Ly ea Ll iwut: Americans

who were 1:.a sac r i f i ce and endure many hardshipsfor the i r t ount z:y; The great: gout :iweste;rn t e r r itorythey helpedt o acquire for their government was enormously valuable and includedCu]. Ccrrix:iai a , Nevada, Utah, Arizon t: and parts ofNew exico,Coloradoand Wyoiui :1r; . .

This txel i award may be earned on any 0ech oft. of either the uc,tipii2 ; 0 0 0 tn`.lr: btail groin Council f:iuf o , I o w a t o San P i u g o and 1 ,0,74' Angeles,s~:.iva,.l... ;Della or the several return t r a i l s made or , f t . . . l r a t e d . b y t h eB a t t a l i o n m e m b e r s L a r e j o : i . n their fa mi li es , whether-

r ' *

i n the 1alt Lake val ley Cut ah) , Nebra xa car Io wa . ` l st

also t:ln.i trails tiE h e SICk d e t ac h m e nt sfrom

S a nt a . F e , N ew M ex i co L oPu e b l o , C o l o ra d o a n d . + ' t . . 1 a r a n u e , W yo mi n g . a i d o n t o U t a h , a n d t h e r e t u rnrou te o f Ger iS .W. x e .4 r a y and h i s de tachme nt f rom

=Ca l i fo r n i a t r F t ; Le av e nwor th , Ka n sas (Se e ma p o n Page 2)

Upon comple t ion o f the t ra i l award requ i rements , the r l - iI F:c_i ** it t: ,1 1 1 7 7 , * *________c t c i I t j_____< I *CT:

m o r n D I 1 1 i t n t I t _________

+*.*+*. - 'Y. t .... ..FW. FY.FYF .F..FY.\ 1 v }._t.. :. .ynl. .: W. ... ...uav.*. *.v - ..-.

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4/24

xcnrnoo and

accornp;i..maOment aAlm), innclutde t 115(J) showing the trail onwhich

you. hiker Patches, are . vii: l ab: e for 2.0(1 each, mccl your unit

certificate. no sent t O you along With your patches. Kindlymake checks payable tcx ; :EL ,'C? Please mail to:

Uitt tor al S Roi1tio .l3li:il t

.N .1*D'Ss l i e pla, S -it 107 Stfit Lek Ca*, UT841.01-1531

This ii:ietoric Trail Award Program was developed bv the U.S.Mari:.titoiiBatt el..Icon, ,1112, an cliisociation tiev() tech. L*1:i1e preservation at the history Off the original unit ' :a matronacross last? :.t.lt Amer lc:d It was approved by the NationalOffice,' B3o Scouts of America, in June Of 1979. If .you have anquestions,. lease call 1-800- -800-537i15923 or ',L-801-530-0004.


5/24

A BRIEF HISTORY Or TUC U.S MORMON BATTALION

The mood Ow men. to a s s i s t the U.S ,Army in the Mexican War waS oryeiiI. PresidentJ a m e s

K . Pol k. i n s tr i s c t ed t h e -S ec r e t a ry o f Wt r i 0 . ( .. , Ma kh, to aclth6ri2e Col >

(later. General) Stephen-W: . Kearney, Commander of the Army ofthe West, toe n l i s t a . b a t t a l i o n o f 1i 0O Mor lr lO rl s

.for this- pu rp os e . Capt. ' JO i1I Cs Allen

5 1 0 5 . 0 r ( 1 0 r ed to .proceed A o t h e Mnrrrrut, carirps i n JOWO. and 1 0 C P 1 1 1 1 f i v e C0rr rl . ra r a1es of 15to 100 men each,

l ho . Mormons 11 nr.1 many rO a 011s . 0 o be re 1 rac tint to enr 1 is they had received11 1)10LOCI.IOri. f'r'oiir ; ersecr.rtion ar`icj r i r oh act i on 1 i n M i s sou r 1amid .-,Knots; their faii l i es. ve e des ( u to and spread ov er4 Wide area ; .

they had. hundreds. o fM i l e s or rrrrs ti l n i tidl an' te r r it o ry.

to cross ;' theyW O P r i 0 1 .1 01)011 IrOw their. fa mi li es mould utNr Ill ' t>Ime hi ttter plainswl.nt.hr,. arid, of course 00 M 0 6 1 m : 1 $ 110

I. iculat ly- c IUSr f'4rrl111y 1:i. s -arid r e COia ertri d S h o u t , lrroteCtion fortheir(0111111 res. 1OC4L d Onr tIre 1(05 trt'tr fronitierR

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ty ' P t c * ,'l.cic'ti-t t 3 r ' i elh0111 VLI`1sand t:hr% c , uverlii nq Council of the I. . t ) . S ,

C l i . l i r c h r i n I t e d t h e:

M e n t o 0 1 1 1 1 s t , t o l l i r r i t h o r n I t ; w a s t l t e l r P a t r i o t i c : d u t y t o < 1 o i n . r 1 Y e C 1 1 l I r i

O t i l ( 11

5 t o t a l 1 O O v r r < 5 0 0'

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A l 1 0 1 1 1 1 S . j ta

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i n t : l r e D o t t e d S t o L o s ' A r m y i v w h i c h e v e r } r i r o n s a r i : s i c l l a h r i s ' o w n n a m d , " T h e.

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i n c e i 1 t . , o l i i ' c l i t h e 1 i t * r r r p e e i i x t t e d , ; l h o r e . i o r e l b o r y . 1 t i f +

a i t r i l l r s , i 1 7 d 1 * r d i n c t 6 t o

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f o r ce d c l t r t t r r t t r i r r c t h e 1 f " t r t e r l a i r { i s l i o w t ~ h e p l a i n s . A n i . n nu l i e r 0 f : t he i 1 r n c a me

d o w n i i t < h M a l a r i a a . 1 . . 1?

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6/24

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(21599,0);(0,0);fBehindDocument1...UR I Gt IAM YOUNG RECRUITING THENORMOl4 BATTALION

This paint ng by Dale .K.ilhottrn zep ic t L i _ L Sc:enO tear Councf1.

B l u f f s , 4 : 0 onJuly 16,

1006 them 503 l=iormon men enlisted In a ba t t a l i on of the U.S .,, Army to sem ye i n


7/24

t1 cYUr, tim l i t Mod ro, Gait. James :Al l 0 i's Shown s Laridl nq ne


8/24

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(21585,0);(9726,0);fBehindDocument1Col, Irl.1 en Was wc:' i l l iked and, highiy roe poc:ted by ,the men, He remained-at

Fort Leavenworth because of i l l no ss end di cad In Tate Angus t, Capt a JoffersbnHunt,: the coinnan.di n U 1 Car of Company _A, . t e m p o r a r i - l y a s s u ied 'command,but: was relieved by young Lt. Andrew Jackson Scfth Of. the RegularArmy, at.Counci 1 (rove} `l'ice

.fiettsr1 Mon then continued on to Great: Bend end t,wo c:lay 1

a t e r camped on a. stVea(la. known as Pawnee Fork.. The Pawnee Fork proveda d i ffi cul t cross 's rig as the wagons

t*.'* had to be let down the banks wi tic ropes . and

.. pul i ed uP *

y the o epos i to bank bytte*,r..1rl1SY

i;e ran y`

thir ty men -aassis ting-

.t i re an imale Due to he . surrender o-f Sant:a

-lie 0 :

000.forces, orders were 'changed to march ' di

-rc 'Iy ;o Sen La. Fe i ns toadof. WOO .Of

:Ben t ' s Fo r t . On $ep t . 11 the BaGta l i on r e0hod t i r e . Arkans as Hi ve i ' - nd c ic rnOra l 1 , f fo l1owed-i . t wes tward Tor about 100 miles before cross ing ( , shor t .o f reaching ( len t ! . s Far . t}

t)ic Sep I;. 19, .:. contrary to p on s g. ..i no I agreement made : by . Ca i .: A l l e n: t:o roe i dens:

Young tha t-the Bat ta l ion would . no t be d iv ided , ' Gap- t . N 1 cr r

H i j j it* , cc I tb - Corpora : 11 i

lber .t

.Hunt ; mccc ordered to take ten men

:and mo s -1 ; oaf ' the ja t ic I , i i cc t .o Pue o , Co l u i - '

do Not 1 or g ' a f te r c ross l ng the . Arkan .sas , The Bat , tOi of on t ned O..d ray deser t

l ike area . 1 , '1 , , . t i t t ic o r ld redJorc4 d n icarchos.' o ca l , t on t ,y- f `1 vo I r i s es a day . n r

'edu ced r

t t on ; ; and ve r y

_ 1 i . t I ; ] a weten . / t one poi c1 t , hey w ere so . shor t , o f w t .on .

tha t they.. d rove but ' ' t e ] u r i

.t , : f a - fou l

ws ina i " i 0 i spool ; o . . o f t u i n t i ro t ; r . l i ic i i i t te l on

suffer ed cone i dcira bl frbin the :forted marches ' ordered' by I ,1; Suni Lb, tic r eta ft ic , :ht S:

or rOOtice aand i ync , i reccce O f : the endurance of men end .a .n i ma l $ .

f i ns 0 0 to b er 3 ; ( ' l ie B a t t a 1. ' i on w a s a ge i n s p i * i t- t y ro s t - of - t he m e n m ar ~ { ; h d t oSi scu t a re, rr i tie r .detra.chm nt of s I ck fe i 1 c ** nct severe -days behind.. .Fos'ccl .and waaterim

pr

o v e das thOy .a-nai^cbed

.woe twar 'c l and they t ie r even ah l r . i : * buy bread aced cakes

f roruc the Mex ' I care Pe1iu l a : t ion ,

The Mai c t - sec- t i on .o -F t :he t : tc r l ion e r r i ved a t ; ;Sa nta Fe op October 9_ th f . Gem.Al exendet- W,. [Ion i phan, :Coaicm ..ndec' a U the Arccen on; Forces i n S aar to Fe , . ordered a 100

7.

gun Salu te td honor the i r a r r i ve i l Ttic .,

second de tac,hmcaent a rr l ved within the next: -th ree-days , m l t ic about c i x ty i c men b i r r car r ied " i rk the supply wagons .

. , , .

. .t ; , ;c 1 t h i 1 i 1 y + eo r c t . Co ok e o f ; Ii e u, s, 1r *t i y a s tr i c 1 1 ) 0- f a ir c1 E s c i i I a r* r a i r

:, f ra

ysent by . Ben t :da 'cc y trout his s i to 1 force . o F Dragoons (cava

`i ry) tin

t :h:( cal 1 a. Ri von . incl . to Saanta Fe .10 Lake command'.

of= tree l ief: a1.1 on.. oi l .Out.: '1 .3 . Al;

SenLa Fe-- C o l

Cooke. i iOted 1 : i rc1 ; t ree Bat ta' l ion'mctc i-ucucl .worn icy: t ; tzi tr r* '110 I n foot and

cica.rfc hirug frOt1..Nccuv_ooThe. ilinl.es mere ;tccos:tl,y iu or aci l f a-1 f':.urrf i t for acs

arc i I teary (c ia1 .ch .Sc vet : ta i-' day . i i i ( ;e r , a1 ' te ' ice pa t t ion- of the t iLta l ion- amid d isccuss incl

Licei r `1 Y401 1eras .Whim.

tare o-fficere .01 . ool:-order 'ec.f ' a soc:tcnd i; tkdet ach ifc on t o f a iro c.c

t . 90.Ber l d i e rg crud . t :he : i a randresses - t


9/24

I) i s c7 li -"i i rue was t


10/24

ent pol es . On Nov, 10 Lt. Willis. Was ordered to' take the third sick detach . went; .bac1, toPuere. was a wcicoma iinshi i tmm rch f 0.g and .01 I t ntcl the : wagons through.

fire mesquitea

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OAS 1 ho immmil.ea went IS mailes...Witti.

aut mater; the.

t*ielr tlrarci ed 26

of ' 3t i cons e at . 1ye ho imrs c t i rd cov ered f}? : i i i i l e s i .n .a . 11 l t le more than two day s , oh e day of w hich wa s w the 'ot~ an: ' i

s , t ae . O f

. W hen . t a re 'Ba t ta l i on reached the GO O ' l * i ve rb oh . Dec R 21 , t imey were v i s= i ted by - I , 1300 to .2 ,00u . F * in ia I d I

a ims ; No spec i41 gua rds were se t amid oa th I r i g was , t ak en , as . the P ima.were no ted f o r - the i

rt hones ty

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r i d f r i e l t l l l Seve ra l.

days l a te r they a r r i v d . a t 00010.

14* P ima : i f t t l a rm v i 11 age . o f abou t 1 ; 000.

i nhab i ta rn t ; s

A bo tch h l c i r imro i r s ' and .mnd ia i i s t - espehc ted each o the r they had a . i i i cas t en joyab le . v i l s i t+ O h the 23 rd.

t :.

e n t ta I i o r i

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ped a t a . I t o r - ' i opa 1 r rd I an v i l l a ge : o f f aY es t i i no t s c i 1 11 ,000 i hhah:

1 tah ts where the:

i> eh . en joyed the . sac ra hosp i

I e r1 i t y as t l ey had rece ived . a t ' ' t ; he P i t t i a'

t : r rd ian v i ll ages Chr i s i : i i r a s . o f 1816 was spen t Ma r c im ihg18 m i les . ove r.

Tow.inesg t , i i t e - cove red h i i 1 S l i r ouc l i . s a td to ' a d ry . co i imp away f

r

om wate r

The h a I to i i on t r i ed to f o i l ow t i ne G i l a so tha t . they n i ge t have a - i a " te t - , bu t they f ound l i t i a . r eg ion more'

desa l a

to , and f ood ha rde r to i 3 rocure . ' than any o the r prnv iou 1y ' exper iet r cod . ; b rave1 ' t i tg a long the bushy , sandy . bo t tom o f the

Gi la


11/24

was so di ff ic ul t that they.covered only. ten miles a day for the. next s i x

.d a y s Also, the

fattiit ion 'was s o f ler"ing severely from thofi"t i t ' Sin a , Ike sheep i nd oxPr) were li ttloMere I l ia i i Skirt and bares and So often the en ti re ' t rciiss t'IaS used, Tli Meat and

.

' bones 'of. .the ()K(:r1 were bo i l ed ; the en t ra i l s Were boiledC rbroiled on a s t i ck and

even ; to h't dray were used fort food.. . ( Try l i t t l e oxenhide.i sings: tiff t:lte- h i i r , 'ct.rt the skin iftt) Small bits and bdit until tender enough to-eat!)

.On-- Dan, 1, 11147, cottonwood

.branrheS Were cut for ariirital ltrciwse as there was

..nothing else , l J i i1orti iriately,, the branches appearod to he poisonous, as a outrtI)e 'f tt ales and..$heep..di ed from eating

.them. A makeshift ra f t was. made

of. tWO wager, boxes. to ' 11c at;'s tapp1ie


12/24

of and tmade in 1 3 hour 's :forced .tear00s 'of 1 0 , 8, . 1 . y

vttd 1 9 vi i l is The desert '

could Ito ,have

.been crossed wi hot.; : 'tire, t fuss i n viriy others way

The : B.a t:tal i art 'marched : to Va11 eel: e and then srittttg cues Iwar:d

tilt . a cti*y. wash towards RI Or V0110' Cart. January.10

:and i9 they traversed

the. now .fitrttol.ts Box.Cariyot. W lit the Laguna liottrttei its. tin the wtvs I. and Val 1 cc l to.-and . ta irayon Mountains tart th.e ea. -t, they chose

..to.. travel tite drywvtsh tending

eastwvtrd .towards 13lair Vol 1 ey, They found' the canyons , known .as Box'cloven too

.nar{row icy .a foot. Tote the ..wagons to

.pass x ' They Zvi dened the

Canyon, With a;tt~s - .arid 'few . 'rF tit .i tulhg' sh.ovctls so the wagons could gelthrough y then they Wilt a dui:iwuy out. the east MO- of. the wash to get;

.around

a dry weterfa`11 al:r tit: 0 feet high (ttiis'.road is` .still.

visible) Ott ja.ttttary 2.0s tilt Battalion Crossed tite ridge et>< n h1iiirYVa11ey and Little Blair Valley by roping the wagons tip and down. This 'passprobably I S What later became known .as "Foot avid Mel ken Pass' ' becausethe But.terf e1.


13/24

)

surge pass engerS.had to get out on foot and walk up, Theycamped- that night at an Indian vi ll ag e on Sail- Feiipe.Creek, Theyarrived at Warner's Ranch on the 21st end stayed ove rthe. 'nO.-neating their first; hil l meal since Tucsoll,." the day's r a t i o n w a s .

f o u r pound. of beef, without sa lt or anything el se.

. Onthe M O they reached TemecUla, only for OaY'Smarch short of Pueblo LosAngeles. Col,COoke's Gen.. 4arttey being reinforced

lw..theNavy,

.and Wjth.:suPPort frowt:he north by lst..Col ,.. John C, Fr6mont'sfr reO ula rs , and now COI, Cooke's advance from the east would surroundthe Mexican ca pi ta l of California and rut cart- their possible retreat

,toward

Sonora., ItoweVer, a letter that night from Gen, Kearney re0orted the fa ll or LosAngeles, with orders' to report; to San Diego,

- The Battalien Marched into. San ()loge it*t Ili tho 00rth on danuary29-1847, and CaMkd at;

,the M. ls slot', de. Al cal ti, while Col Cooke. rode

intoOld Town, San O'lego and reported. to Sen. ,KO:4ri.iOY at the Casa deBandini whore he was staying, the Battalion arrived at the end of the trail with only ;five

,of the

. . .twpOty--ilVe wagons;.. the OnnOh and otherOrdance of war brOught fromthe - Aib Grande, Mew Mexico, .over a .70

.0-inile

.new road through enemy territory, Cot ,

COoke issued ati offfoialorder'.c m 0anOr'Y 30, .047, cott9r at0latthg thP

Battalion

forhaving c(Mloted,OdermostOrddOOSanddifliculI.coitditines,amarchofover2,000miles:tothePuriflcii;hroughawilderness

.where

nothingbutsavages.andwildbeesis.arefOundandover.fOrWantOfwaterthereisnoiiviiTclcreature.'"

.:tialf

7haked.'andhalf

7fedthey'madearoadOfgreat

valuetoout'toOti.try. SearchedinvainfarenOualmarchofinfantry..''

TheBattalionlitCalifornia,.lWidaysaftei''theUntil.*Battali0qWossenttoinnLClis,,R6yM.wkni,one. . .

coM00ny.rettruedth...SaftDiego"I ..In--arid(iOfhard,li.ioycOnVer!;ed

Old.Fort.

StocktOniiii:crrealbastionfordefenseOf34r1'nieOO.Theybefriendedthe'local

. . . .

.ts, Theyhushlt.AOgnO.t.hsl0p,'

.a.PeoPloWlthcoim.nunlf.ydovelopmetl(PrOib-c.

bakery.,.ajantleryand .the

.

firstfired(*LekkiltrintallTortlia,Theybuiltthe

buildingJOCalfforilla,.OhichSO*asthecourtHouseonti1.1

.872,Wheni

.t.)-tirhedd)Wii:,LtRobertCSIlf't'...h6C41no-(*"Aicalde''

OrMayorOfthecity

110iit0rWaS,604intOdtrythe.0eVer''forO'stintfirstI

13


14/24

ndi.an

otheefourcouiipanestiItheEtat:LLiIionweremareliedPruinSanLouisRoy .MissiOtt-tOPnebl(ideLosAogelOSAnMarchItI47,as-apar.':ofOeti,Kearney'

comaiiind.,'.:itonotheybuiltFort.Mooreand..astabl.ishedLarycontrolovert;h.f

!;

-. . - - :' . .Most

.0opulougat'eapItaGolifornia,fh

.eMormonBattalionfoughtnomilitary

IA1;1:10id enmityd(rilj!i

thel bot..bot:Aosoof'theirstrengthand.

OP)

r

firse0ce

thei*.

..thofightin.was

en

00di:..

The-

loyal.

and

Offi.c,l

en

t.troops'of(lie00.l,;dtOtiwere.a..stabilizingforceJrOMApelitiCalandMfIitarypointofvlew,

Thb4w*LftI....

10*14)rlanEdward4.'TilllidyewNte.:wewtw.l.th0e.'MormonBattaliontOCalifornia,intheOXOeOitie.n.OfGan,.SW.KOartteywhoseinstrOctionsfromthe

weretoconqiiei'Caand set; up a.proVisional .gOverit.men therii i ti the itama..o f the Ketirney.. fOUnd. the s i tua ti ohclaimedby several rival -gOVernors-, At this crisis-f' affairs Coi. Cook arrived inCalifornia With his coMmand,' the Morm.on BattallOn. Oen.. kearilOYcore Sulted with Col,. COoke,' who assured hint fie cOOld no by canevery Mormon soldier, ThiS decided the. Oeheral

.,- - tie resolved to'

force the issuOacid arrest.his rival, This was

constlininalt.ect,'' (The r'ival was Lt.Cpl. John C,, rremonl-,.) :.'

14


15/24

Col. R, B. Mason arrived I n Call foriii a April 6, 184 7 , to replace Gen .Kearney, who had asked-.for rcloaSe. a non aS stable . ynvernment was

.es. abl

ihod. Gen. Kearney, Col CO( with Col. , rrcmoat tinder arrest, and with a special escort offourteen _ lormon Battalion soldiers, left Monterey ( c a p i t a l o f -California) on thy 31 St: 'withrcit Ions fo r 76 days . 1'he rc*ir*r t cib theta .brouyh S .* #:t r* s Fort and t:ca Fors; Hall inthe Oregon Territory.. 1'roat rort Hall (how i ri Idaho) they followed

.-the Oregon Tr^ai l to

Fort Leavenworth, 4t whi c;Ii they . a r r i ved tint Aug, 21 after.8:# hit rd day-sin-the saddle.

T ia:.Mormon tta t;tal i ort itien. wore paid' $8 b0 each fat the time I;hey} served in excess ofthe yeat4's cri11sl014period! G c n I earney contri nued ,on to Washington; Ia. C. forthe court;

.iflarti 01 of Cal , Ft enxrr'it; arid the MnriitoA escort found the ir way

t:rt Couuci 1 Ul ofis froiii which 'they had started thel r lilslori:r.March , and were

now lice to jo in heir i'airiins.

t*ttrr*ton rtat;t:alion f'i' 1 c:d ?y 0f f Ic#als*.l +*...........,*:.'.v.rnN.Jl+v:i-vlr.,:-: nJ,*l :s.a.. /".!*+iMY. vxv nn n.N,n

>' U. Stevenson,. who - ucceeded Col.. (poke as . coinmatider do f :the.Dc t; to l ton i . COI. O.-

wrote the.foillowing. to Coy tit.5on;."11llpersons

.in San.Ulogoare ar1Xi3Ou5 thatthet=tnrmaiishoul d conic in there;

theyhave .lay a , corr,ect coons e .-at '.conduct become veryy popular . rl t:h . t he (Mexi (an) peep 'l ei and by t heir i

nds try have taught; the Inhabitants . the value o1":.

havi rig .an Itmr r 1 c o popura t i on,

among.

them and ,i f they .

are C on i: i nued th Yy W i t t he o f More.. vat n+ li t roc c rrc;rl l ng. t t ie poop t o _#;o a:change of government t;h* n a '. ho st; of bayonets. I . have

;been, itt consequence of this good

feeling:, tlic ninto cici*t runs to Iieve I hurt restni r*: .Cov, Mason, .An an

:Official -caiimiutiication to Wm, L.: Mcirct Se0ettry of War, sa,td

,of

tare Battalion "Ot, the service ai'.t:htr ha .tt. c)Y , of their j:' t;icnce, i.tborcli tIii Li cart, *iridgra d. c.ortciirc;t;, you

..h a

.ve already lienrd; --as a tint o f

general. y

men they have ccl i j1 ously respoc ted tare r- gb in and , f eel I egs Of these conqueredpeople, and. not a sy1lat)to of. camplaitii.has reached. tiny

.cars of a insult-

offeredor'autr'acleclonebya.Mormonvolaurtteer, Sohigli'

.aii

.

opininclidi

ent:crtiiinoftheOaIt:al.ionandthairspedO.Ii_litus or.thediesfasOw-Performedbythegarrisonsinthiscounttry,that:1Madest;rerr.ousoffortsto

..encagetheir

it.ser^vl(0another- year..

Many. Di Soin lieei*#ist,:ci

Whenthecrtlistiietit foroneyearwascompleted ,iiiduiy.,1847,t:lietiattalionwasbrought.

togathera.ridd'lSoharge.d'attos

.

ingeles;::One'Company-afI82men,underCapt.gaitC.Davis,rwt

rilstepaSthe"MormonVolunt:oat's"arid.

marched'tiSaniiiego',wheretheywerestoilOilerOnti1.

tttewarwasover;The'oftiterdia-.char=gedsoldiersJour=eye.d..norl;hw*ctrdupteSanJoaquin: Vol1lytimid- suitetipf:1ieconst;t.OMorit:ereytofort,Sat;let-,1citechiiiprosetrtSact-amento,wheretteyy

1earnod_fronta1ttn'ssetigar. alit: Of thelrfanili1es..'wereonthairway.to.$.a1t;

Lake.:Valleytraincooties1Bluffs;.y4athe't'ton-Mn.Tt-ai1..l.1ecausOOfascarol.t;y

of

supplicmi

in

Salt

Lake

they.

Were

encouraged

to

remain.

in

Cal

Ila.rrtta

errtil

spring

and

bringwagons,faratmachinerylivesto(k,seeds,plantsandOther'badlyneededsuppliesforthenew-setlletnents.'ManyreMaI

.nodirt'ta1iforrincariesfoetid.0riiploytilent,

GoldDia.cAovered

Cctpt*.JohnA.Sntter-was.delIltteil.toIttrothos0.rrtetfer.theytract.0e:era't;s

Ills1smidirtt.ecg

tity...needed fsinItstnulti1)1eouter-pt-loos.'..Seversofthertirio.

mere-hireedbyCnpt,-.u.t*.t:ertowork.wititatil`trl.Mrit*Sha111atBulld1tg0saw0111,-were-tortrtorrcanandsixmerefroththeBeattaltan:It,wason.the04rshovels..that-

.


16/24

gold fleet glittered, which gold brought. adventurous hordes to Cali fo rn ia .I n the spring of=.1845, the. call of their .families' and their.faith ledthem to leave the gold fields, They made c new road. (MormonEmigrant T a i l ) up the American River, crossed the . Sierra . Nevadansouth of Lake Tahoe to Carson Val ley, and joined

.the

.old trail at the

Careen Strike, east of Reno, (This .road is now partb f U.S. Highway 50) and went on to Salt Lake Via i l cry .

l iie Re t;tirYr1 h a p.

Almost; half of the d ischarged nren decided .they wou ld continue thereturn trip to t:bei r families:, rather tharr..st:ay In. Cai i err la. They hadleft families in uiagons irrrl crude eMl tiers , . without adequate suppl ics , near t h e t rli ss oeri River moi**e t:h e t O yeae before, '1 icy hopedthey would be With the first grcups of for*menrs .arr1.vinci i n S a l t . l.Yakt . i nl 114.7, . 1'licy were. uriceetai n. as.. to their 1'cation, for Liii y l ri L Lesliege] es before

.linguae Young's adeanwe party .arrived in the Salt Take.

Valley, Th.e;j

..s ro seta. the si'cree Nevade.s and saw the evidence of the

Donner pert)+ dsaster, then followed. the Cal i torn to Trail to 'Fort Mali inthe C)regeeTerri tory where. i t. ;loi Red the ,Oregon Trails:, They. arrived inSalt Lake on October 16, 11(47; whore a few were. uni t;ed iii t:h their" factli li es .,

Many o f t h e : S o l d i e r s w h o o d i c not flrid thei r families' dirt nothesitate con tirrr.firrii i.ha.i r- j o u r n e y .another 1

,000.m 1 as, even a t the

late'sea oe of the yclar They .1 eft t;he , ye 1.1 good ap

.ryi La on

October. 18, wi thee tadequc to.s

uiiplies with the expectation t;licit et For; Car i dgery 115 miles to the east and rat.

Fort, t.ar**arie,they cool d : Obtain .el 1 hO suppi i es they .needed upon reasonabl e

tones Fail grant+sto Cal i fora i a. at*cl Or'c on . however , had bought a l l theaveilata.le s ppli s, Jim Ilnid:ler said tiinrt- the men at his peal: hadnothing k?irt iaeet;.to subsist on.

From Fort Laramie eas twar ii they fol lowed the Hereon Trail on the north.000 of the Platte. River.few rrt11us t:*e1riy* trite

.feet

.they were _. o13ie

to buy from.c n I edi.en: trader 1 Cto. pounds a f

.flour - for X25, whi r h they said would 4e

used t;o

t iilckeri their soup and for ttraki ng gravy', but not for bread, They still had500 iiri l rr*y to go before reaching..

the thereon errceiirl)rimeriis. With about250 miles to 'go,, they t t*Jtrke one morning under

:a ..covering of a .. T oot:

of snow,. which was in ca enrt . t;he :real; of the.trill.. As

..theIr

wornaotitamelas and krises eventual iy tbeef3rri .oeol'le to trei'eI, theywere :slaughtered forfood, The dray before crossing Leep.Fork ci-f thePlatte', they clivided

.and ate the last;.ofthe food which in the mein

consisted of rawhide "sasidl.a ' bags" whl c h wore no longer 0cn:3cied topack peoyle icrfrs, The next day, Decetaber 17,.l 847,after two months o fbitter. cold and near starvnrt;ien diet, they completed the round trip toCouncil hliiffs e-'Iowa, t`'reoiii which they lrad left 17 menthus before.

The. Sick Detachments

The three sick -detachments, con. istirrg of about 150 eeldieea,laundresses, much ~ aiiriliee spent the 1846-47 Winter at Fort..Pueblo',Colorado, under Capt. Jnut' Brown ..He had orders to'proceed..te'California when

.conditions would tic rmi t:. Thi: di Lachnteet

traveled north to Cott Laramie and cciiTiriucd teat: oe t;he.ot*egoir Trail,

The TThe eril i sf:menl: pea iod expi red oe duly 16, 1847, and theycontinued. the trek to the.Salt hake. valley where they arrived J u t .fivedays after ilri ghtem Young's advance party, Capta i ri Brown i equi s i ti

16


17/24

coed no l i airysupplies from Fort heat on the Arkanisas River, which modegui t;e erg sy fortiii e

tit t niue their search'.group to co

17


18/24

Five wives of Battalion officers had been reitictaiitly givenpermission by Col . Cooke.to' coot-1 nue with tare .Batt al Ion i rorri Santa

Fe , to Cal i forn ia. Fourcompleted the orduous march with.-the s of di ores , .One o f the homer iLydia Hunter, the wife of Copt.. ,Jessie C?, [hinter ., gave birth to .th

.c

.f i r s t

ch ild : of U.5, Citizens In San 1)1 eg y She died a short: time i titer .andthe .ctii l dx hooted ..111 ego,was rai crud. by one of the native. fami l

.ies The other three wry nen .

accoriipar-i.i edtheir husbands to. 0 e Sal t Lake Vial 1 y

flew Roads I s.t*abi:i hcd

i n ad di 1.iTari to. the . accoirip.l i si-iir en s it reedy noted, . the liiiI:to i i onlode.

r

great. In t st:ienconi;r*!liut;i*irr to the..United gates.Iho Wigan road. theycarvedacross. the w1lder lieaf' lien. liexI c o , Ari.z.rria and .C: l i forma wascol1 Cawed by.the hut terf i el d S Ingo. _ i rioa and other, trove i tits for decades ,When the a la.ge.

l ines Were pu out cif .business ' ley.railroadsthe-cooto of the.

Soii l :her;n Pac i f i cWas chosen and the 'land for the Gadsden C'crr*cli*t**t s sot ccte.d byusing reapstirade

..by

.the frlormen

,.lbat.tnl ion, . Some of the t:31 iiorrti it Vol inn tears who re-en 1 is l ed anti

served . t e i r~ country.

oun t


19/24

B I B L I OGRAPOY

1.IISTORIES OF THE moRmoM E,IATTALION IN TitE* I*1EXICAI1 WAR

u.*wi*.ua.Y at:.q0!a . . ..r a................................a..........................ay r.. .oAt .:J

A CONCISE IIISTORY OF-THE MORMON BATTALION IN,THE MEXICAN WAR by $gt. Irani el Tyler,

ltubl i shed 1881,republ i shed, Ind edition 1069 V. the Rio Grande Pr es s, Irlc. ; . (l io n et a, N A . Thish i s t o r y , w r i t t e n by a member of . the Battalion from hi s own diary plus ex ten siv e r esea rch,is probably the top Ba tt al io n his tor y. . . I t s ta rt s With an, crxtens i Ve coverage ofthe eventsleading to the forarati oil of the Ba tt al io n' and cone] udes ' wi tb pe rt in en t even is and l e t t e r sin to the 18 50 ' s .

TILE CONQUEST OF NEW MEXICO. /181) . CAM FORK IA lit 1846-1848 by Phi 1 i P St. George Cooke,Published 1878, rep ub li sh ed 1964.by t;.he. Rio Gr an de P re s s , (or;,, G.lorieta, N.IY1. Tb

.Is, book. i as

personal narrative and historical au:m.ti of the Mormon.I3atto1ion from t:he viewpoirlt

of the.corrmuriding o- ff ic er and. one of his ` rank-and- fi l e s o l d i e r s

.THE MARCH. OF THE MORMON BATTALION FROM COUISIClI iluil'E'S TO CALIFaORI' IA b;yFrank Alfred G o l d e r , published 1928 by the. Century Company, N e w York, New York Thishis tOq - his t a k e n . from the Journal of Henry Staridacle, a member of the Ba t t a l i o n , II; is -a vi v id .de sc r ip t ion of the

longand arduous ex pe di ti on .

'THL: 1-1HRMUN BATTALION, ITS HISTORY.AND ACHIEVEMENTS by B. H.' Roberts, pull i s hed

1011by the Deseret News, S a l t Lake C i t y , Utah. This. hi s to ry covers the Mormon. tie Flal i on' strekand i t s accomplishments.

.l-lORMON BATTAL ION T'RAI L GUIDE by (Than] es S : Peterson, J ohn F.Yurti nus andothers , Published 1972 by :he Utah S tate illstonie l S

.00ety, Solt: Lake. City,

Utah 84101, A tra i i guide or-the Mormon Bat tai i oni Trai1 FrOm tortLeaveniworth to San Cri ego . TIris: book inc1tides detai1Pc.I

.maps= (Out of

pririt, ht.it may be found in library.)

THE .k4ORI40ll MAli/IL(Oi OF 10 A VOLUN =EERS, Iowa Ste''to

Illstory HISTORIES (:ONTA1NEfiG /1111Idl t S_..ON

ON.UE

,

BATT LIONkCAL.I Flit I-I(A' t}1Of1MONS. 3Y SAIL /1110 TRAI1, - by l\n.ricil lone I;i. PriC Ion,.

pub1 l het:.l 1%1 by I)eser'et !:look Ccrlril:iariy, So 11 l..ake LIiy Htah(Pages 3jlw6/)

A COI-ll'IILHLNSIVI> IIJS WliY OE THE CI1I1RCH. 01- 11611S.CHRIST OF LATTER- HAY

'SAINTS. by II - 1I i cab o is , published 1967 by lii, gli ar i Youn'! :OH vets i t,yPress, Provo-,. UI011, 1tiI*un li:1.I;S$ NT(AlaS . l.8 CIIHRCII' I:li STORY OY. Jirsepli Fielding Smith, published1950 by Deseret 1100k Co:- , - Salt lake .City, Utah, '(Pages 42-.,J432)EXPLOIt1N1I .S1)1JTI11-IE,STCRN TRAILS

.1846 - 1(354 by Philip St. George.

Cooke, published 193t3:1.y /Ir:t;l*trr* H.' ;Clark Company; Ciendale,.California (paages'.634111).

*THE: R1 j'I OMLU CHURCH by William Edwin Berret,t, published 1953 byDeseret Book .'COM Lake City; Utah (Payes . 233 2.44)

E Ilk I L Il 1 DONS by . R charyd R. Pourade; publ i shed 1963 by theUnion 't'ribune' Pubiishincl:Co-, San IIioO, California.1(011110146 AND .THE DISCOVERY

.OF GOLD by Norma

Baldwin Ricketts THE 1-JEST. OF PHILIE ST.. GEORGE".

COOKE by Otis' C. Young.'ENSIGN JO THE. NATIONS by RussellR.- Rich, a history of the 1.:,1),S..Church froM 1846-1972.

k Indicates possible readings for Cub Scouts

' 19


20/24

:MORMON t3ATTAL ION MiMORIALS AMP MARKERS

1 fi w Lt. ColJame; Allon tied. t aravdsIto 'is pit :Ft. Leavenworth;Karisas.

1846 Santa 1'p :Was s n render d to (i n er a1 ' Si;c.phon W> .Kearney.

1846 't"a Ms li i El i sha iiii f l* cii c 'r1. G ra ve sI U t ic two n ouq l as and Tuis ors, Ariz .

1846 FL Tucson wi;. surronderi d. t.o Lt.. C ol .- .P hi li p 8 .Oeoego Cooke..

1848 .- ' Con. S totitren . Kearney diet), Craves l to a j: Moxi cO

City

1005 0 1 : Ph i l ip . S t . GoorOe Co ko d i e d, . ( r o v e s t o t c t ; l ) tr i l:,Mic.h'igan,

) 0 0 - C a r t I , Jiafferson Hunt died.Graves t t . e art, oxfor~ct, 4da110,

1927 MonuntenI deli 0t o d on the Utah S in to Capitol grounds W i t ha c o s t of $200,,000;

1 )36 Ca p1.-Uawici C. HaviS rlonumonI erected a t FarmingtOn', Utah.

19411 - t lUt fi ,i ii ient ;: dud ca led All Santa 1'e tia'i Mexi c O .

19116 ., flail mM0ri 1. dod i ca tod 11 Poohl0.i - Ctrl utr iidd

19!iCw

Captlet ersou ,hurl ircrrti:ani:rat erected a t iiarn :sv11'

#ci, Utah

1958 - t'tcoriunient (Cu;t., $501.1;04:10) (10(110,r10d honor-ir1I1 theBattalion who. buii1t11w

.crnicIA4

,1ft. Moore iii '1811/

., a t j o s .Angeles;.

California.

. 1 9 6 0 - Iitonuniwi 1: et ec, ted. c r #. Situ 'H btHit.rii i nc It mnc*hnear [li i.rr11 aia , ri c}rii ,

-196_7 r1otlUuiert* pr**teci -in 'I'r.sOcin, ltr3;r0ittt-.

1969 . . Mom yiiaou l a t to i oll o f cl r (I r~ EiiortttiriOit 1 c(Cd i'(i t ud i nPros i d i o- Park (old F 1 Stockton) i n San 1)1 e o, Cali f. witha cost :of $40,000

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19/(1 Battal ion. 'Trai l inonument erected on 1-t1 west of t 1Centro, California,


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1972 - Mormon (tatU lion fleiiiorial fetusruin dl dic:


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Mor Bat Trail

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