Moosehead Lake, Maine Wayfinding Program · Moosehead Lake Wayjding Program Assessment Report...
Transcript of Moosehead Lake, Maine Wayfinding Program · Moosehead Lake Wayjding Program Assessment Report...
Moosehead Lake, MaineWayfinding Program
Assessment Report
November 4, 2015
Lake Wellington Professional CentreStudio Suite 110-Y112230 Forest Hill Blvd.Wellington, FL 33414
561.282.6205 axiacreative.com
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 2
CONTENTS
On-Site Assessment 3
Routes to Destinations 4
Proposed Wayfinding System Hierarchy 14
Proposed Sign Types 15
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 3
interested in contributing to the discussion. There were no apparent
conflicts in what was discussed. The collected information supported
the initial objectives outlined by Luke in preceding discussions prior
to the two days of stakeholder meetings. At the beginning of each
meeting, Todd defined wayfinding and explained the process of a
wayfinding initiative.
“While wayfinding connects the dots, branded wayfinding connects
people with experiences. It is the art and science of moving people
through an environment to a desired location using a number of visual
cues including, but not limited to, guide signage, place identification,
visual landmarks and various forms of environmental graphic design.
Branded wayfinding is more than a method to improve navigation, it
is a powerful system that can support a community’s brand message
and help to create a memorable sense of place.”
To begin the discussion in each session, the question was put forth:
“Of all the places and experiences in Moosehead Lake, which would
be the top three you would recommend to a visitor?” There were
several answers, but six seemed to be equally mentioned – Mt. Kineo,
Katahdin, Moxie Falls, the B-52 crash site, Gulf Hagas and places
where a person can see moose.
Other top destinations included East Outlet, Gravel Pit Pond, Prong
Pond, Mountain View Pond, Eagle Rock, Big & Little Moose, Brassua
Lake, Lily Bay State Park, Kokadjo, Downtown Greenville, Rockwood,
Squaw Mountain and Borestone.
Greenville Junction has a large dock, boat launching facilities,
businesses and swimming beach that does not have good identity or
directional signage. The consensus is that it needs to be highlighted
better through improved signage.
Preface
This document is a summary
of the project area analysis
and planning tasks which
precede and will influence the
creative process and program
development.
The primary objective of this document is to summarize collected
data, observations and provide preliminary recommendations to
implement a successful wayfinding system, support the Brand,
help create a memorable sense of place and improve overall visitor
experience.
On Monday, October 5, 2015, Todd Mayfield of Axia Creative
began a five day visit to the Moosehead Lake region to begin the
first contracted phase of the wayfinding project. The afternoon was
spent touring the western half of the project area with Luke Muzzy,
Liz Cannell and Alison Snell. The objective of the guided tour was to
introduce Todd to the area and to identify key challenges, existing
conditions and plausible wayfinding opportunities. An informal dinner
meeting was held at Maynards with the Economic Development
Group (EDC).
On Tuesday, a guided tour of the eastern half of the project area
included Luke Muzzy, Drew Watson and Ryan Edmondson. In the
afternoon, two separate stakeholder group meetings were held to
discuss the objectives of the program and collect input from the
meeting attendees. A third meeting was held in the evening.
Stakeholder Meetings & Interviews
The stakeholder meetings rendered great input from those who
attended. It was apparent that most people were engaged and
The most frequent visitor request is “where can I see a moose?”
Several local business operators offer or recommend guided moose
tours. It was suggested that iconic signs be placed at key locations to
facilitate a self-guided tour.
Visitors come to Moosehead Lake for several reasons. Many come to
experience the Maine mountains and the natural forested environment.
Some people who come to see the coast, want to extend their Maine
experience and are drawn to Moosehead Lake because of forested
mountain terrane and outdoor ambiance. Others come to Moosehead
Lake for hunting, ATV trails, snowmobiling, fishing, hiking, the
International Seaplane Fly-in and other events.
A suggestion was made to create a well-marked driving loop where
people can get out of their car and have a view. The route from
Greenville to Prong Pond then to the B-52 crash site and back was
recommended.
Several areas of concern were brought up. One of the most frequent
challenges mentioned was the lack of available public parking,
especially during events. During the Fly-in event thousands of people
come to the Moosehead Lake area and, while many business owners
open their property for paid parking, there is still a tremendous lack
in parking opportunities for the visitors who come. Parking directional
signage would help but the consensus was that more parking is
needed.
One person suggested that the 20 minute parking signs be removed
as they are seldom observed by locals and have a negative effect on
visitors who want to park and spend more time in town.
Navigation through the area is one is a large concern, which is the
primary driver for the wayfinding project. Guide signs in Greenville
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 4
The need for boat signage was brought up a few times. Water traffic
on the lakes and ponds, especially in Greenville, Rockwood and
Kineo, would benefit if destination access was apparent. The Bureau
of Parks & Lands would have to be engaged. Places to moore boats
are not apparent from the water and should be identified.
Trail heads and trail guide signs are needed. Presently trails are
severely undersigned and pose a danger for people to get lost or
become disoriented or injured. Safety and quality of experience are
common concerns. It was requested that trails be signed with level of
difficulty so hikers can determine if a particular trail is right for them.
It was noted that Maine Trail Finder is a great resource and that their
website facilitates feedback on trail experiences.
There are printed maps and guides that have been created which
visitors find helpful. Recently the ATV Trail Map and the Activities Guide
put out by the Friends of Moosehead Lake have been good assets in
promoting destinations and providing a reference for area navigation.
Another useful asset is the Marine ATV Trails Map sponsored by the
Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry. An illustrated
Downtown Greenville map has also been a popular item. It features
all of the Greenville businesses and services. It also includes smaller
inset maps of Greenville Village and Rockwood. The Chamber of
Commerce gives out a small booklet that includes member business
listings and a regional map.
Developing smart phone apps was mentioned a few times. Although
an app would be a great tool, the poor wi-fi service would render it
somewhat useless unless it includes downloadable data that could be
accessed off-line.
and Rockwood are largely focused on business awareness through
an eclectic family of DOT-managed Tourist Oriented Directional (TOD)
signs. There is various ideas on how to address the current placement
and form of the TOD signs. Those who have licensed the signs for
their business feel they need them for visitor awareness while others
would like to see them reduced in number, consolidated or removed
altogether.
In parts of Greenville, Rockwood and throughout the Moosehead Lake
area, there are many temporary ATV and snowmobile signs that have
been attached to trees, posts and fences. Many of these signs are
repositioned each year because of trail reassignment. It was noted
that there is an ongoing effort to establish a permanent trail system.
The challenge is to convince landowners to grant reliable access.
Movable kiosks with large directional
signage have been created at key
path crossroads. These snowmobile
kiosks provide information for
riders so they know where they are
headed and how much further their
destination referencing “you are
here” markers. They are catching on
across the state. They are functional
but not necessarily aesthetically
appealing. They sometimes suffer
damage. Since trails are not
permanent, kiosks must be portable.
Some kiosks have map holders which
empty quickly. Some people take photos of the maps with their cell
phones so they don’t have to keep track of the map, which can be
awkward. The common opinion is that these have been very useful for
snowmobilers but can be confusing for ATV operators.
It was discussed that all new maps should include common icons
and vernacular to reinforce wayfinding through multiple devices. Maps
used on new kiosks, websites, printed collateral and smart phone
apps should all use consistent visual graphics. Luke spoke about the
development of a new interactive digital map that will be open for
collaboration between Axia and the developer with regard to graphic
style, brand compliance and voice.
The topic of extended business hours was brought up. Some visitors
want to know what businesses are open after hours. Currently most
businesses close at 5:00 p.m. which means that people who are
returning to town after a day of activities want to have something to
do. Stakeholders generally felt that staying open later will not generate
more business. Chris Winstead brought up Kennebunkport as an
example of “if you build it they will come”. Stores decided to stay open
later one night per week during Christmas season and eventually it
paid off, allowing them to stay open throughout the week.
Much of the brand attributes have not been unveiled to the public
except for the logo and the
tagline. There seems to be some
disappointment in the “America’s
Crown Jewel” tagline. It was not
apparent that it was embraced with
obvious enthusiasm.
Roger Brooks recommended that
the Visitor Center be relocated to
the town center. It was noted that
there has been some investment
in the current location including the
erection of the squaw fire tower
and working with the state to
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 5
It was requested that temporary event signage be considered for
the program. These could include event and venue information and
directions to parking areas.
It was noted that the Scenic Byway’s standards which include routes
from the Visitors Center along either side of the
lake to Jackman on the West and to Kokadjo to
the East may affect the wayfinding planing efforts.
Interaction with DOT was encouraged.
Understanding & Objectives
The Moosehead Lake wayfinding program is
an initiative that supports the goals set forth
by the Branding, Development & Marketing
Plan produced by Roger Brooks, International.
In addition to the primary goal of improving
visitor navigation through the region and to its
destinations, a new wayfinding program will
help establish aesthetic features that celebrate
Moosehead Lake’s brand and the character of the surrounding area.
We have several objectives. First, we will develop an efficient
and intuitive wayfinding plan that improves visitor (and resident)
navigation through the region. We will evaluate placement and
messaging to improve vehicular, pedestrian and hiker navigation.
Secondly, we will become intimate with the Moosehead Lake’s brand
developed by Roger Brooks International and adopted by the EDC.
Understanding its character and mission will help us to design a
system that is attractive, memorable and helps to create a unique
sense of place for the region.
Thirdly, we will consider ways to mitigate fabrication, installation
make a hiking kiosk with a map of area trails
and information. It was stated that the current
location seems to work because it is visible to
visitors just entering the area. Trees are going to
be trimmed or removed to improve visitor view.
Other improvements include
a deck off of the back of the
building and stairs to fire tower.
There is good parking for trucks
and trailers which would not be
the case in downtown.
It was noted that the planning board is working on
a process for DIY signage to insure that there is a
common design standard throughout Greenville and
Rockwood.
Google map directions are not always accurate and
sometimes guide people through indirect routes.
One reporter using Google maps found it hard to get to Greenville –
directions were given through Skowhegan.
It was noted a couple times that people are watching this project and
will observe how successful it is – other areas might follow our lead.
The State of Maine Bureau of Parks and Lands’ concept plan includes
camp sites, hiking trails, etc. The department is paying attention to
this effort so they can coordinate efforts.
There were additional questions regarding the project process – “How
long will it take and when will the first signs go into the ground?” It was
also asked “Which signs in the proposed program would be slated for
installation first?”
and maintenance costs. This evaluation will also consider the use of
green materials and techniques.
A fourth objective is to design a system that is expandible as needed
throughout the area.
Vehicular Guide Signs
Exiting vehicular guide signs are mostly limited to MUTCD (Manual of
Uniform Traffic Control Devices) controlled signs that are managed
and regulated by Maine DOT. Most of these cannot be modified. In
some cases, the DOT can be asked to add or move signs if it can be
demonstrated that the need will benefit the majority of drivers.
We have observed that the TOD signs are the most abundant
form of vehicular guide signage through Greenville and Rockwood
but are relocated to guiding traffic to specific businesses and
not key destinations. In our experience, TOD signs must comply
with MUTCD regulations which are far more restrictive than those
approved in Greenville and Rockwood. Because the Greenville/
Rockwood TOD signs are not considered in compliance with the
usual national standard, we see this as is a positive thing for our
proposed wayfinding program. It shows us that the local DOT
authority is not heavy handed and will allow loose interpretation
when we address these signs.
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
Branding, Development & Marketing Action Plan July 2015
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 6
The use of TOD signs within Greenville
and Rockwood may not bring the
results people are hoping for. The
relaxed design allowance renders
many of these signs illegible and
becomes an uncoordinated mix of
colors and fonts. The TOD sign for Lily
Bay Antiques is not effective because
of the use of dark serif letters on a
relatively dark background. Signs such
as these are only good for people who
are already searching for a particular
business. We feel there are more
effective ways to guide people to
these businesses weather through
redesign of the TOD signs or utilizing
other forms of communication.
Vehicular guide signs used to guide
people to destinations play a major role in community wayfinding. If
designed well, they will serve two functions. First and foremost, they
must efficiently connect the dots from origin to destination. Secondly,
they must help create a sense of place with thematic or brand-
supportive graphics.
Generally, the letter cap height of a message on a vehicular guide
sign in a 25 mph to 30 mph speed zone should be between 4” and
6”, depending on the visibility conditions. Without competing traffic
conditions and visual distractions, a message capital letter height
could be a minimum of 4”, but 5” or even 6” will ensure the best
legibility. For Greenville, Rockwood and many areas within Moosehead
Lake, we may be able to get away with a letter height of 3.5”. We will
perform on site testing to determine this. As a general rule of thumb,
for every 1” of capital letter height on a guide sign, the distance in feet
from which the sign may be read is represented by a numerical value.
For example, a sign with a Legibility Index of 15 means that it should
be legible at 15’ with 1” capital letters, or legible at 60’ with 4” capital
letters. So, a general formula to determine the legible height of a letter
is 1” for every 15’ of viewing distance.
Light letters and graphics against a dark background are preferred
over the use of dark letters and graphics over a light background.
Dark colors are recessive and drop away visually. Light colors are
aggressive and appear to move forward. When we look at dark and
light objects together, we notice light objects sooner than dark ones.
To maximise quick comprehension, use mixed case rather than all
caps. Mixed case messages have several advantages over those
that are set in all caps. First of all, they take up less room horizontally.
People tend to read short messages that are set in mixed case
sentence by sentence where messages set in all caps are read word
by word. This slows down comprehension for signs that require only
a few seconds for comprehension. Although words set in all caps
require less vertical space between lines (leading), which reduces sign
height, The horizontal length is extended restricting the letter count
in a given message. This pushes the width of the sign panel and may
require extra pole support to accommodate increased wind load. It
can also mean that letters get squeezed together which hinders quick
legibility. Words and letters need ample clear space between them for
distance comprehension otherwise they visual melt together.
There should be no more than four messages (in special cases five) on
a single vehicular guide sign. USDOT recommends messages should
be limited to no more than three.
Letter forms should be san-serif and a medium weight. They should
not be condensed if at all possible. The results of a ten-year study on
the use of the Clearview Highway font show that legibility is increased
by 15% over previously used fonts in the same conditions.
ClearviewArrows should be simple in design and not incorporated inside graphic
shapes. An arrow’s purpose is primarily functional and should not be
used as a graphic embellishment.
When multiple destinations require the same arrow direction, we
recommend using a single, common arrow instead of repeating it
for each destination. If placed above the text, the sign width will be
reduced but will create proportionately taller sign panels depending
on the length of the message. If width is not an issue, arrows may
be placed on the left side of each message. USDOT recommends
positioning left and ahead pointing arrows on the left of each message
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
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Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 7
For the sign graphics, we recommend using one of three reflective
methods. The most common method is to apply reflective vinyl
messages over a painted background. This is the least expensive
method and allows a message to be added or changed without
removing the entire panel. The down side is that only the message is
reflective and the background remain dark at night. Another method
uses transparent colored vinyl over a highly reflective white vinyl
which has been laminated over an aluminum panel. The graphics
are weeded away from the colored vinyl exposing the white reflective
material. This method offers a longer life span and is very visible at
night but means the entire sign has to removed and recovered if a
message is to be added or changed. There is also a limit to the choice
of background colors.
To achieve custom colors and detailed graphic a third method uses
a four color printing process which is applied directly onto high
intensity white reflective vinyl. It’s similar to ink jet printing only the
inks are specially formulated with transparent pigments which allow
the reflective material to bounce light back through it. Unfortunately,
in harsh environments they may not hold up as long as the previous
method. If they are maintained and kept clean, their life span may be
extended.
We will organize messages on each sign beginning with those that
require left arrows followed by those that require right arrows, then
straight ahead arrows. For multiple messages that share a common
arrow, the group begins with the closest destination and ends with
the furthest.
The effort to direct traffic to specific destinations within Moosehead
Lake should be reserved for primary destinations, popular gathering
spaces, important municipal buildings, downtown, key retail areas and
destinations that, by their own accord, draw visitors to Moosehead
while right directional arrows should
be placed on the right of each
message. We feel messages are
better organized if all arrows occur on
the left side of the message.
Vehicular guide signs are typically
placed on the passenger side of the
road whenever possible. In some
cases when there is no room to add
a sign on the right side, it may be
placed on the opposite side of a street. Drivers are conditioned to
look for direction messages on the right side of the road. Guide signs
must be placed before and never after a turning point. In single lane
streets with speed limits of 25 to 30 mph, it is recommended that they
be placed 100’ to 200’ before a decision point. In routes with higher
speeds, with turning lanes or multiple lanes, you need 200’ to 300’
(or more) before a turning point. In some cases, guide signs may be
placed beyond a turning point when the road ends in a “T” and there
is no place for a vehicular guide sign before the turn, but this should
be used when no other solutions are available.
Lake. Because it is impossible to include every destination on
wayfinding signs, we will establish a set of rules that will be used to
qualify what destinations are included in the system.
Gateways
We understand there
is one primary visitor
access route into
Moosehead Lake
from Greenville Road,
through Greenville.
Although there is
some visitor traffic
from the west, it may
too light to justify the
expense of a gateway at that entry point. We will consider placement
for a Moosehead Lake (regional) gateway as the first brand-
supportive sign prior to the Greenville identity sign. This gateway will
announce entry into the project area. New Greenville and Rockwood
identity signs will be considered as well.
Simple community gateways such as
Kokadjo become popular photo-ops
because they convey elements that
draw attention such as a whimsical
message or a unique character. For this
reason, we propose that community
gateway signage not be designed
as a uniform series of signs within a
comprehensive system. Instead we
feel that each community sign must
speak to the unique character while
maintaining Moosehead Lake’s brand
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
Fairgrounds
HistoricDowntownMuseums
Visitor Info
7'-0"
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 8
than reading the words “To Parking.” Icons and symbols speed
up comprehension and are remembered longer as long as they
are universally recognized. Custom icons that are not universally
recognized hinder a sign more than it helps. Icons that are used on
signage can also be used on directory maps to support the wayfinding
vernacular.
Municipal buildings,
parks and public spaces
need identification as
well. These are good
opportunities to support
the brand while allowing
their appearance to
take on a specific character to convey a function or service. These
may include wall-mounted signs, garden monuments, pole signs
and others. Although you can’t dictate the design of private or retail
identities, you can control all municipal identities. The more you can
echo the brand in Moosehead Lake environment, the more you will
enhance the brand experience.
It was observed that several private identity signs were in poor shape
and give the impression that they are either out of business or in
decline. Signs that are kept up not only attract more customers, they
influence a positive regional experience.
undertones. Other community
signs are obscured by foliage.
If they are redesigned during
the upcoming wayfinding
effort, their position in relation
to the road may need to be
evaluated. If not redesigned,
at least the surrounding trees
and shrubs should be cut
back to improve visibility.
Identity Signs
For a wayfinding system to be successful, destinations must be
clearly identified. Simply having a sign is not always enough. Size,
location and character are important considerations. An identity sign
tells people where a place is, but just as importantly, it provides an
important first impression. It sets a tone and influences anticipation of
an experience.
The identity signs we will focus on are for primary destinations (public),
parking areas, trail heads and possible aesthetic considerations for
area businesses which will be addressed in an end-of program design
guidelines document.
All public parking areas should
include consistent identity
signs marking their vehicular
entrance and should be visible
from a distance.
The “P” icon will help connect
the dots immediately. People
process this icon faster
One of the strong recommendations you will hear from Roger Brooks
and other tourism development consultants is to encourage retailers
in pedestrian areas to install attractive projecting signs that are visible
from the sidewalk. These, in concert with other embellishments such
as flower baskets, banners and street furniture, will add to the visitor’s
experience and encourage them to linger longer.
Every community has one or two signs that suit the character of
the place. We don’t advocate that all signs become uniform or that
they follow a strict design guideline. A place like Moosehead Lake
should be somewhat home-spun and eclectic. There are some great
sign gems in the area that should be considered as style examples
for other businesses. A few of the fully carved and gold-leaf wood
signs may be more expensive than what some business owners can
afford. There will be less expensive options included in the sign design
guideline.
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
A d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e p a r k , s p o n s o r s o r a d e d i c a t i o n m e s s a g e g o e s h e r e
Park Name
Round or squaremetal tube.
O'Shaughnessy Center Parking P
Parking
Destination Max 19x
Public Parking
Visitor Info
Library
PParking
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 9
More information about ADA signage compliance requirements can be
found in section 4.30 of the ADA Accessibility Guidelines at:
http://www.ada.gov/adastd94.pdf.
Any time you have an element that projects more than 4 inches and is
lower than seven feet in a public right of way, it is a hazard to people
who are visually impaired. A blind person who uses a cane to navigate
will find the pole, but may be unaware of the item that projects a few
feet off the ground.
A popular pedestrian guide sign is called a finger post sign where a
group of signs are attached at one end to a common post, each is
positioned to point in the direction of their respective destination. The
lowest edge of the bottom sign that projects beyond 4” from its base
must be seven feet from grade to have the proper head clearance.
Any multiple message panel sign should include changeable panel
inserts to accommodate pedestrian destinations that come and go,
especially restaurants and retail shops. Changeable panels can be
mounted to a single or double pole support. The later format would
allow the sign panels to be mounted below seven feet as long as they
don’t protrude beyond 4”.
We recommend using commonly recognized
icons whenever possible. The internationally
recognized “Man and Woman” symbol will be
seen faster than the word restrooms . Even in a
pedestrian setting, the “P” icon will help people
navigate back to their parked car. Internationally
recognized Icons speed up comprehension and
are remembered more. Icons can be used on
directory maps to reinforce those used on guide
signs.
Pedestrian Guides
We feel that pedestrian guides
serve the same dual role as
vehicular guides in that they help
guide people to destinations but
also help enhance the experience
of place.
Pedestrian guide signs are used by
people on foot to find places within a
reasonable walking distance. These
signs don’t require the same strict
standards as vehicular guide signs
but the messages should be very legible and positioned in a way
that will not cause physical hazard or block the flow of pedestrian
traffic. The MUTCD requires that they must not be obviously visible to
vehicular traffic to the extent that they can be mistaken for vehicular
guide signs. This may cause confusion and ultimately distract a driver.
They can represent the Moosehead Lake
brand without restriction of font, color,
sign shape or accompanying brand
graphics. Retro-reflectivity is not required.
The design of these signs can take many
forms as long as they comply with ADA
(Americans with Disabilities Act). ADA
calls for a visual character height of 5/8”
when a sign is between 40” to 70” above
grade and 2” height for signs that are
72” and higher above grade. If a sign
panel or any other element protrudes
more than 4” away from a wall, pole or
base, it must have a clearance of 7’-0”.
Information Kiosks
Informational kiosks are free stranding structures that provide
visitor information. They usually include area maps with a you-
are-here marker and a legend of destinations. Maps should
be oriented so they are “right read” which places graphic
representation of destinations that are directly in front of the
viewer in the North position of the map, destinations that are
to the immediate right of the viewer in the West position of the
map and so forth. They show people where they are currently
located and provide information and destination locations within
the area relative to the direction they are facing.
For the most part, kiosks are for pedestrian audiences. They
are most effective when located in high pedestrian traffic areas.
If they are located near vehicular routes where they are clearly
visible to drivers, they should be accessible within safe pullouts
where a driver can easily move out of traffic and stop their car.
Elements of a kiosk may include an area map, a changeable
destination legend, brochure holders, and enclosed display
cabinets for current information posts. In areas where power is
not accessible, small solar panels can be incorporated into the
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
D I R E C T O R Y
iKalispellT O W N O F
Visitor Centre 120m
Main Street 90m
Centenniel Park 67m
Nordic Centre 1.2km
Elevation Place 50m
Boardwalk Trail East 700mEnd
Boardwalk Trail 100mMain Street
Policeman’s Creek 400mRed/Blue
MAP
Town Centre
Washrooms 100m
Downtown 400 Ft
Snake Alley .39 Mi
Riverside Park .36 Mi
Big Muddies .32 Mi
Capitol Theater 946 Ft
Downtown 400 Ft
Snake Alley .39 Mi
Riverside Park .36 Mi
Big Muddies .32 Mi
Capitol Theater 946 Ft
1'-0"
7'-0"
2'-2"
2'-0"
7'-0"
Downtown 400 Ft
Snake Alley .39 Mi
Riverside Park .36 Mi
Big Muddies .32 Mi
Capitol Theater 946 Ft
9'-0"
2'-2"
2'-0"
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 10
simply removed to reduce visual competition with the natural
environment.
Regulatory Signs
Regulatory signs can be a real
eyesore. The information may be
important but clusters of regulatory
signs grow as new information
and regulations are added which
creates very unattractive elements
that diminish the place experience.
Most of these signs are never read.
We propose to design regulatory
signs that be consistent with the
overall look and feel of the proposed
system. Regulatory signs that are
faded, bent or in disrepair should
be replaced or repaired. Various
regulatory sign templates will be
designed to accommodate various
lengths of text. The objective will be
to systemize all regulatory signs so
they are uniform, support the brand
in a subtle way, are visible without
becoming contrary to an experience
of place, and are sustainable.
Trail Heads & Guides
Trails are widely used by ATVs, snowmobiles and hikers– an important
visitor draw in Moosehead Lake. There are several temporary signs
for motorized vehicles but none that guide people on foot efficiently.
We propose that trail heads are marked with slim identity signs that
include the name of the trail, the difficulty, a trail map, service icons
design for night illumination or to power interactive displays.
Brochure holders have strong pros and cons. A readily available
brochure at a kiosk will get lots of exposure. The down side is
that unless you have someone maintaining them daily, they can
pose an unsightly litter problem.
We observed a few existing
kiosk-like interpretive
structures that reflect the
character of the Moosehead
Lake brand. Although
placed in areas that are not
readily visible, the structures
incorporate large weathered
timber and materials we feel
should be considered when
designing the new system.
Some existing kiosk structures
look like they are failing or are
not utilized. We recommend
that old structures either be
replaced with new ones or
and regulatory information. We see these
as attractive totems. The goal will be to
design these so they do not conflict with
the environment but are visually apparent.
We propose that guide signs placed at key
locations on trails also be slim and simple
so as not to compete with the environment
but visible enough so they will be
recognized as wayfinding devices. These
signs will be rustic and simple, made to
weather naturally and easy to install. They
will be secure so they don’t get taken or
moved. Each sign could include a unique number that corresponds to
a graphic marker on printed maps. This will help with hiker orientation
as well as location reference for emergency responders.
Points of Interest
Key points of interests such as the potential moose sighting spots,
photo-ops, access to trail heads and scenic overlooks, could be
marked with a small iconic blade sign that points in the direction of the
place of interest. These blade signs could
have the name of the feature, a number
that corresponds to a self guided map with
descriptive information and possibly a small
interpretive panel.
In Hawaii, a series of point-of-interest signs
mark the location of featured landmarks.
The first warrior sign went up 76 years ago.
Today, there are approximately 300 signs
identifying points of interest across the
Hawaiian Islands.
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
R2 RegulatoryR1 Regulatory A3 Park/Facility Identity A4 Restroom Identity
Front View Side View Front View Side View Side View Front View Side ViewFront View
JohnsonsBeach
Donec placerat. Nullam nibh dolor, blandit sed, fermentum id, imperdiet sit amet, neque. Nam mollis ultrices justo. Sed tempor. Sed vitae tellus. Etiam sem
arcu, eleifend sit amet, gravida eget, porta at, wisi. Nam non lacus vitae ipsum viverra pretium. Phasellus
massa. Fusce magna sem, gravida in, feugiat ac, molestie eget, wisi. Fusce consectetuer luctus ipsum. Vestibulum nunc. Suspendisse dignissim adipiscing
libero. Integer leo. Sed pharetra ligula a dui. Quisque ipsum nibh, ullamcorper eget, pulvinar sed, posuere
Facility Name
Donec placerat. Nullam nibh dolor,
blandit sed, fermentum id, imperdiet sit
amet, neque. Nam mollis ultrices justo.
Sed tempor. Sed vitae tellus. Etiam sem
arcu, eleifend sit amet, gravida eget,
porta at, wisi. Nam non lacus vitae ipsum
viverra pretium. Phasellus massa. Fusce
magna sem, gravida in, feugiat ac,
molestie eget, wisi. Fusce consectetuer
luctus ipsum. Vestibulum nunc.
Suspendisse dignissim adipiscing libero.
Integer leo. Sed pharetra ligula a dui.
Quisque ipsum nibh, ullamcorper eget,
pulvinar sed, posuere vitae, nulla. Sed
varius nibh ut lacus. Curabitur fringilla.
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sed, varius non, lectus. Proin a quam.
Praesent lacinia, eros quis aliquam
porttitor, urna lacus volutpat urna, ut
Facility Name
Donec placerat. Nullam nibh dolor,
blandit sed, fermentum id, imperdiet sit
amet, neque. Nam mollis ultrices justo.
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arcu, eleifend sit amet, gravida eget,
porta at, wisi. Nam non lacus vitae ipsum
viverra pretium. Phasellus massa. Fusce
magna sem, gravida in, feugiat ac,
molestie eget, wisi. Fusce consectetuer
fermentum neque mi egestas dolor.
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 11
The parking areas have what appears to be trail access’ which are
misleading. Because they are often mistaken for the crash site access,
they have become worn paths to nowhere.
Interpretive panels could be designed to give a better account of the
historical event. Museums sometimes use a parking meter-like device
that is signed with a request for donations.
Interpretive Signage
Visitors want to experience and understand what makes a place
unique. Interpretive signage is an effective way to satisfy that
expectation.
While wayfinding signs guide people to places, interpretive
signs take on another, yet strong complementary function.
They illuminate a place and tell it’s story. They help create an
emotional connection between the visitor and their environment.
Interpretive signs strengthen people’s relationships with culture,
nature and history.
Interpretive signage in an environment draws the visitor in,
captures their curiosity, and leaves them with a memorable
sense of place. They help transform out-of-the-way places into
popular destinations. Interpretive signs can bring a historic
landmark or natural wonder to life by giving visitors more than
a snapshot to take home with them. They take away a deeper
appreciation of your community.
There are a few interpretive signs in Greenville, Rockwood
and the Moosehead Lake area. Most do a pretty good job
at expanding the regional experience and telling stories. We
recommend consolidating the design and consider reappointing
Street Signs
Street identity signs in the
downtown area would be switched
out with area-specific versions to
help define it as a distinct district.
These signs would be chosen
from one of several off-the-shelf
fabricators to save on cost or
a custom approach will be
explored.
The B52 Crash Site
The B52 crash site was a very
interesting attraction which is
both a historical memorial and
exhibit. The trip to the site has
some challenges though. The
vehicular guide signs are a little
confusing.
The use of the airplane silhouette
is very similar to the international
symbol for airports and the text
used on each sign is very small.
We recommend that they be
redesigned to fit in with the new
proposed vehicular guide signs.
Locations will be evaluated and
reappointed.
The access point to the trail that
leads to the site should be better
marked.
some of their locations. Templates can be designed to
implement as funds are made available or the need for new ones
are identified.
The Plum Creek signs can be
treated as interpretive elements. In
fact, if they were redesigned to fit
within an interpretive family, they
would seem less temporary and
have less of a “construction site”
look. The information on them
would be more impactful.
General System Design
One of the key objectives in most communities and definitive
wayfinding-dependent environments is to unify sign devices
through consistent design and a methodological strategy. Most
branded wayfinding systems project a clear and simple design
aesthetic that supports an adopted brand. There is typically a
narrow design approach that is born from thorough assessment,
brand interpretation and understanding what will motivate and
resonate with the targeted users. Because the Moosehead
Lake brand represents a natural and eclectic character of the
region, we propose that the wayfnding system be unified in a
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 12
follow a proven logic that can be expanded to service new
areas. This is not to say there will never be any elements that
will need to be removed or rendered inadequate as the region
grows, but the design process we incorporate will yield a
system that is efficient and agile to mitigate any substantial
reconfiguration.
• Two levels of gateways will be conceived– one to announce
the arrival into Moosehead Lake and a second level to
announce the entry into communities.
• When possible and/or appropriate, materials shall be UV
tolerant and vandal resistent.
• The target fabrication cost shall be aimed at a $250,000
budget, unless otherwise determined by a demonstrated
need or available funding.
• The basic objective of the system will be to pair down the
existing amount of signs, adding and replacing signs that will
only serve to improve regional navigation and support the
Moosehead Lake brand.
• Retail signage guidelines will be developed to guide
businesses in the design and implementation of signs for
their use in support of the Moosehead Lake brand and
desired visitor experience.
• The general design approach to the wayfinding system
will be to create components that look as though they are
organically part of the environment.
• When designing the system, local fabrication resources
will be considered to mitigate costs and to support the
local economy. Outside services will only be considered if
techniques, products and materials are not available locally.
There are many general destinations in Moosehead Lake that are
being considered for inclusion on guide signs. Not all qualify as
primary destinations that are considered specific attractions for out-of-
rational wayfinding strategy but the overall design should not be
so narrow. There needs to be a certain amount of freedom in
the actual design application as long as they follow some basic
characteristics.
• The system must provide efficient guidance for visitors to
find places and mitigate wasted time after getting lost or
searching for their destination.
• The adopted brand must be supported.
• Existing regulations must be respected. Those that can be
revised or changed should be identified and considered as
long as they are reasonable and result in measurable benefits
to the region.
• A key objective is to build a system that is not only attractive
and functional, but is designed responsibly. If the cost is not
prohibitive, the use of replenishable and recyclable materials
will be considered. Where possible, components of the
system will incorporate green materials and methodology.
• Vehicular guide signs must be compliant with Maine DOT
standards. They must be simple in content in order to
maximise legibility but must maintain a brand-supportive
• Information kiosks will be located in key pedestrian areas.
They will include an area map that will support the design
and graphic vernacular of other printed and online maps. The
kiosks will provide information and locations of destinations,
services and businesses.
• Signs that identify trail heads, observation points, destination
access points and all key locations that are not privately
owned must adhere to the brand, be simple in design, be
visually apparent while and diminishing the experience of the
natural environment.
• Another important goal is to develop a wayfinding program
that is expandable and easily maintained. The system will
include specific sign types that are simple in design and will
town visitors. For the sake of this Assessment Report, we will consider
places in the region that, on their own, attract out-of-town visitors.
Towns or Sections of Moosehead Lake:
1. Kokadjo 4. Seboomook
2. Rockwood 5. Northeast Carry
3. Greenville
Lake Boat Launches and/or Fishing:
6. Gravel Pit Pond 10. Lower Wilson Pond
7. Mountain View Pond 11. Greenville Municipal Wharf
8. Brassua Lake 12. Sawyer Pond
9. Prong Pond 13. Indian Pond
River Boating and/or Fishing:
14. East Outlet to the Kennebec 17. West Branch of the Penobscot
15. West Outlet to the Kennebec 18. Little Spencer Pond
16. Big Spencer Pond
Hiking Trails:
19. Mt. Kineo 25. Eagle Rock
20. B-52 Crash Site 26. Number 4 Mountain
21. Gulf Hagas 27. Moxie Falls
22. Borestone Mountain 28. Little Wilson Falls
23. Big Moose Mountain 29. Mt. Katahdin
24. Little Moose Mountain
Other:
30. Squaw Mountain Ski Area 34. Greenville Municipal Airport
31. Moosehead Marine Museum 35. Snowmobile and ATV Trailheads
32. Lazy Tom Bog 36. Non-Motorized Trailheads
33. Lily Bay State Park
THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 13
We developed an online map of the
Moosehead Lake region to be used as a
collaborative planning tool. Eventually, this
map will include proposed sign locations
and their respective messages for final
consideration before being transferred onto a
location plan document.
The map on the right displays Moosehead
Lake destinations and vehicle routes
originating from 1 primary ingress point from
the South on Tenney Hill Road.
In the task following the adoption of the
assessment, we will evaluate these routes
to determine their efficiency in the context of
vehicular navigation to qualified destinations.
Online link:
https://www.google.com/
maps/d/edit?mid=z4Uj06v6rAuY.
kBlIEIldQdfc&usp=sharing
Destinations
Decision Points
Routes to Destinations
ROUTES TO DESTINATIONS
21
1
9
14
29
20
28
27
10
16
23
15
24
22
12
33
25
3
19
26
4
8
13
2
g
11
g g
5
7
g
18
3031
32
34
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 14
Highway Vehicular Signs
Web Media
Surfa
ce Street Vehicular Signs
Pedestrian Signs
1 2 3 4 5 7 98
9
1
87
32
643 5
6
Destination
PROPOSED WAYFINDING SYSTEM HIERARCHY
The design of the Moosehead Lake wayfinding system will be based on a strategic rationale.
Typically, the first level of wayfinding messaging leads vehicular traffic from a Highway to a region’s
entrance. On surface streets, custom vehicular guide signs provide navigation to key points of
arrival, then to parking opportunities near targeted destinations. Once on foot, visitors are guided by
pedestrian guide signs to key destinations and services. Information kiosks and/or area maps offer
detailed information and provide orientation within the environment. Lastly, identification signs clearly
mark destinations.
Highway Vehicular Guides
Signs along highways and other routes managed by the Maine Department of Transportation lead visitors to exits into the region.
Their aesthetic vernacular, message format and placement have been developed to provide consistent connectivity throughout North America.
While their form may not be altered, a moderate message change can be requested if a case can be made to improve traveler navigation.
Web Media
83% of Americans use the internet as a primary resource for information. 60% of mobile phone users download and use travel-related smartphone applications.
Search engines, websites, social media, travel apps and other online mediums are rapidly becoming the first point of information people access to gain information about a place, venue or service.
Surface Street Vehicular Guides
Vehicular guide signs that occur off the highway, direct visitors to key destinations and to specific points of arrival within the area.
Their primary function is to lead vehicular traffic to definitive areas, then to parking lots nearest to a desired destination.
The aesthetic function of these signs is to support the brand or theme to help create a unified look and enhance the Moosehead Lake experience.
Primary Gateways
The primary region gateway sign on the primary access route leading traffic into a Moosehead Lake, mark the point of arrival and welcome visitors.
Secondary Gateways& Identities
Secondary gateways will reflect the brand more subtly and will convey the character of the community it represents.
Place identity signs identify destinations. If designed with the brand in mind, they help to influence a sense of place.
Parking Facility
Public parking areas are commonly marked with an internationally recognized iconic “P” and clearly placed where they can be easily seen from a distance.
Often, parking area guide signs are isolated from multiple message guide signs and feature the same iconic “P” for quick recognition.
The strategy is to efficiently get cars to parking areas. This reduces congestion and speeds up pedestrian access to retail venues–more time patronizing businesses, less time on streets.
Destination
Destinations and key points of arrival require visible identities. They represent the last in a series of carefully placed bread crumbs.
Their design and placement are determined by city bylaws but should clearly convey the experience or service they provide.
Pedestrian Guides, Trail Heads & Trail Guides
Once visitors have parked their cars, pedestrian guide signs connect the dots for people on foot to destinations, services and points of interest within a reasonable walking distance.
Trail signs extend the pedestrian navigation but are in themselves part of an attraction and influence experience.
Information
Information kiosks, area maps and interpretive signs are located in high pedestrian traffic routes or in easily accessible areas where people gather.
If information about an area is easily accessed and simple to understand, people find places quicker, spend more time there and discover other places and activities they wouldn’t normally be aware of.
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 15
PROPOSED SIGN TYPESWayfinding System Anatomy
Art (Decorative) - Sculptures, murals and architecture in the environment
Banner - Hanging fabric graphics, usually from street light standards
Conditional - displays information about the status of an event, activity or venue
Display - Wall-mounted or free-standing promotional graphics
Exhibit (Interpretive) Tells a story about a place, object or event, often with graphics
Flag - Typically used to display a city, state or country identification symbol
Flag Pole - Used to display a flag or pennant.
Gateway - Marks arrivals to counties, provinces, states, cities, towns and districts
Highway Sign (TOD) - managed by the USDOT
Identity - Identifies an area, facility or event.
Kiosk - Free standing structure provides visitor information
LED - Electronic message sign
Area Map - displayed within a kiosk or as a stand-alone orientation device
Notice - Communicates a notice of information.
Outdoor Billboard - Large advertising devices placed alongside streets and highways
Pedestrian Guide - Provides guidance for pedestrians to places within walking distance
Regulatory - intended to control or prohibit behavior or an action
Street Sign - Identifies roads and streets at route intersections
Structure - Used as a landmark, device support or environmental accent
Trailblazer - Used to mark bike or pedestrian paths
Vehicular Guide - Provides route navigation for vehicular traffic
Warning - Provides cautionary messages that promote awareness
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Sign Types
Wayfinding sign systems vary in size and complexity. Depending on a
community’s density and geographical size, a wayfinding sign system can
be as simple as a few guide signs on a Main Street or as complicated as a
comprehensive program with landscaped gateways, district demarcations,
several levels of vehicular and pedestrian guide signs, kiosks, directories,
interpretive signs and trailblazers. Each unique program incorporates a
combination of device types that are customized to perform within a specific
environment.
A successful wayfinding system includes seven basic function classifications that
are communicated through strategically placed devices:
1. Promotion
2. Orientation
3. Guidance
4. Identification
5. Information
6. Regulation
7. Enhancement
Each of these classification groups include several definitive device types. We
have developed a device type designation format that is used in this summary
and will be reflected in future project documents.
Items marked with a red arrow are possible items to be considered for
Moosehead Lake’s wayfinding program.
Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 16
The primary goal of the Planning and Project Area Analysis task is to gain a comprehensive
understanding of the project and to verify that the design team’s objectives and proposals
are in alignment with the EDC’s vision. We encourage this document be reviewed by the all
Stakeholders who participated in the presentations. The collected feedback and refined analysis
will build a platform from which the design theme(s) and strategy for the new wayfinding program
can be built with successful results.
Studio Suite 110-Y1
12230 Forest Hill Blvd.
Wellington, FL 33414
axiacreative.com
Todd Mayfield
Principal & Group Creative Director
561.282.6205, ext 101
Michael Haug
Senior Project Designer
561.282.6205, ext 105
Lara Sawczak
Graphic Designer & Production Artist
561.282.6205, ext 103
Marilyn Mayfield
Principal & CFO
561.282.6205, ext 102