Moon Mission

8/9/2019 Moon Mission

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W hat is it like on the Moon?


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Long Da ys and Long Nights

The Moon spins on its axis rotates once every 27 days

Earth rotates once every 24 hours

The Moons rotation means its day isalmost two weeks long and then its darkfor two weeks!


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Nothing to Breathe

The Moon does not have an atmosphere

Atmospheres are important because theyprotect us from harmful solar radiation

and help to keep temperatures


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Really Hot and Really ColdThe Moons temperatures rangefrom +107 C in the sunlight to 153C in the shade or darkness (thats+224 F to 243 F below freezing! )The temperature changes so muchbecause there is no atmosphere tomoderate it.Extreme changes are bad forequipment.


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W ater?

There is no liquid water on the Moon.

There may be frozen water ice in deepcraters near the poles.

Oh no .


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S unscreen, An yone?

Solar radiation levels on the Moonssurface are dangerously high because

there is no atmosphere to blockincoming radiation.


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High Jump!The Moon is smallerthan Earth, butbecause it has mass,it DOES HAVEGRAVITY!

The Moons gravityis ~1/6 of Earths.

Because there isless pull on you, you will weigh lessand jump higher onthe Moon!


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Dust y!

The Moons rocks have been pulverized

into a fine powder by continuousasteroid impacts.This regolith layer can be 45 feetthick!


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LunarLandscape

Lunar Highlands

Bright, heavily cratered, Lunar Highlands terrae. Mostly

plagioclase rocks that are aboutfour and a half billion years old!

Dark, smooth Lunar Lowlands

maria (mar-e-uh). Made of 3to 4 billion year old basalt thesame rock type as Earthsocean floor and the Hawaiivolcanos.

Lunar Regolith covers much of the surface.


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W hat will we need to live on

the Moon?


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W hat will we need

to live on the Moon?ShelterPower

FoodWaterEarth

communicationsTools / equipmentWays to move

around


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S

helter

A lunar outpost is needed for long stays to maintainan atmosphere and protect us from temperatureextremes space suits protect us outside the base.

It will be built with materials transported fromEarth (costly!) but we can use lunar resources Moonto help (titanium, regolith for lunar bricks!).

A natural shelter can be found in the lava tubes in

ancient volcanic areas.


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Power

Fuel is expensive to transport from EarthSolar power can be used to run an outpost.

Solar power will have to be stored in costlybatteries for long periods of darkness,unless the base is in a permanently sunnyregion.


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oodFood will betransported fromEarth. Eventually,

hydroponic gardenswill be created toprovide food for

the outpost.


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W aterLiquid water does not exist on the Moons surface.Water ice may exist in deep, permanently shadowedcraters at the poles.

All humans need water to drink. Water also can bebroken into hydrogen and oxygen and used as a fuelor to create an atmosphere at the enclosed base.


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CallingHome

Earth is far away about240,000 miles away!

We will need to communicateabout outpost operations and thehealth of the astronauts, and wewill want to stay in touch with

Earth friends, too!The outpost will have to be inconstant view of Earth to maintaincommunications. If the outpost isnot in view, costly satellitesystems will have to be put inplace.

Note: Astronauts Do Not Use Telephones! Communications travel by radio waves, part of the electromagnetic spectrum!


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Tools and EquipmentWe will need totransport tools

and equipment tothe lunar outpostto build the base

and conduct

scientificexperiments.


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Roving the S urfaceWe will needways to move

around the

surface as webuild theoutpost, searchfor resources,

and conductscientific

experiments.


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Topograph yA lunar outpost willhave to be built in a

safe, relatively flatlocation that iseasy to reach onfoot or by Moon

buggy.

Apollo 15 Landing S ite

20 km12 miles


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Other

Considerations

What science can we

do? Depending onwhere we go, we canlearn different thingsabout how the Moonformed and haschanged. We can setup telescopes

to monitor Earthor to look deepinto space.


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W hen we select a lunar outpost

site, we need to consider all ofthese things!Shelter

PowerFoodWater

Earth communicationsTools / equipmentWays to move around


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W ere Going to the Moon Again!

The Apollo missions helped us learn muchabout the Moon, but the missions were

short and in only a few places.


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By 2018, we will havea permanent lunaroutpost on the Moonthat will permitpeople to live andwork there for long

periods of time.

How old will you be?Do you want to go?


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This will help usprepare forexploration of Marsand beyond byhelping us createthe technologyneeded to supportspace flight and

habitation, andhelping usunderstand theimpact of space onthe human body.


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The Lunar Reconnaissance

Orbiter Mission Will Help!


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The Lunar Reconnaissance

Orbiter Mission Will Help!LRO spacecraft launches in Fall 2008It will orbit the Moon for a year, collecting datato:

Characterize solar radiation on the lunar surface andhow it might impact humans and materials

Make a high resolution global, 3-D map of the Moonssurface so we can select landing sites

Make very detailed maps of the Moons resourcesand the Moons polar regions to see if water ice ispresent.


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Mission: Moon!

J ust like NASA teams of scientists andengineers, you and your team will propose asite for a future lunar outpost and debatewhy it should be chosen.

Your Mission:Review the data for the different possiblelunar outpost sitesSelect the site that has the fewest risks andmost benefits in your view

Moon Mission

Documents

Transcript of Moon Mission