Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955
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Transcript of Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955
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In Montgomery, Alabama, front seats in buses were for Whites only. If the
White section was full then Blacks people had to give up their seats for
their White superiors.
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1st December 1955, Rosa Parks was sitting in the Black section of a bus…
Rosa refused to move. The police arrested her.
It’s full at the front. I want to sit down. You
move!
No! I’ve been
standing up all day
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• Rosa Parks was an active member of the NAACP
• Her refusal to give up her seat had been planned by local Civil Rights leaders
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• Black leaders and church ministers met to discuss the issue
• Martin Luther King decided to organise a protest
• Monday 5 December - all Black people were asked not to use the buses (bus boycott)
• That Monday the buses all over town were empty
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Don’t ride the buses!
Take a cab, share a ride or walk
Don’t ride the buses!They need us
More than we need them!
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• Martin Luther King was elected President of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA)
• He inspired the Black population to keep pressure up for their Civil Rights
There comes a time when people get tired – tired of being
segregated and humiliated: tired of being kicked about by the brutal feet of oppression
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The boycott continued despite death threats to Martin Luther King
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• The boycott lasted for 381 days
• Blacks had made up 70% of the passengers
• Without Black passengers the bus companies lost money
• Blacks people pooled or shared cars
• Police tried to stop then car sharing and many were arrested for doing so.
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• In December 1956 buses in Montgomery were officially desegregated by the courts
• Bus companies had started to desegregate anyway – couldn’t afford not to
• Showed what could be achieved by organised peaceful protest
• Showed the economic power of the Blacks
• Martin Luther King became the new Civil Rights Movement leader
• SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) established in 1957. MLK elected president.
Effects of the Boycott
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• Montgomery still segregated town
• The battle for desegregation continued…..
Effects of the Boycott
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Effective because…
• Economic power of blacks• Desegregation of buses in
Montgomery• Non-violent protest worked• MLK’s leadership
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Ineffective because…
• Desegregation happened only in Montgomery on buses
• Tremendous white opposition throughout the boycott
• Long, drawn-out process • Civil rights campaign has to continue