Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.
-
Upload
christian-rodgers -
Category
Documents
-
view
225 -
download
0
Transcript of Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.
![Page 1: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Monitoring Remote VolcanoesBy Deformation
![Page 2: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1992-1999
Courtesy of Amelung, Jonsson, Zebker, and Segall (Nature, 2000)
![Page 11: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Causes of Deflation
• Submarine eruption– Should cause deformation signal
• Lateral intrusion– Should cause deformation signal
• Vesicle segregation– Should cause densification = gravity signal
• Drainback
![Page 15: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Continuous Network
![Page 17: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Deflation
Accelerating Inflation
October 20, 2005 Eruption
Decelerating Inflation
Cerro Azul Transient
October 20, 2005 Eruption
April 16, 2005 Trap Door Fault
![Page 19: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Accelerating Inflation
![Page 21: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Trapdoor Fault
![Page 23: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
GV06
![Page 24: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
October 23, 2005
![Page 28: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Eruption
![Page 29: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Continuous Network
2005Lava
![Page 35: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Decelerating Recovery
![Page 36: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Before AfterUpper balloon will inflate at decelerating rates
Q = r P
4
8L
Poiselle Flow
![Page 37: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Cerro Azul Transient
![Page 39: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Cerro Azul Event
Eruption End
Eruption Start
![Page 41: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
2009 Model
+40.1 cm/y
![Page 42: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Inflation
Deflation
Eruption
![Page 43: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Conclusions
• Intrusion is forming by unsteady but continual supply of magma.
• Feedback between faulting of the roof, eruption, and resupply.
• Feedback between pressure, volume, and degassing.
• Dikes do not form along faults!
![Page 45: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Fernandina
Sierra Negra
Extremely remote: Largest wilderness tropical island in the world
Inhabited and developed
![Page 47: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Green = Observed
Red = Inflation by InSAR
Blue = Coeruption
2002-2006 GPS
![Page 56: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: Monitoring Remote Volcanoes By Deformation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b8b7f8b9ab0599befac/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Questions
• What causes the fluctuation in magma supply?
• Why do dikes form on the hinge, not the fault?
• What controls faulting vs. eruption?• Why didn’t faulting relieve pressure?• How does the feedback between pressure,
volatiles, and deformation work?