Monitoring for Conservation Monitoring for Conservation Planning and ManagementPlanning and Management

Elizabeth KennedyElizabeth Kennedy

Conservation InternationalConservation International

5-8 June 2007 Intervention Monitoring Exchange, Wang Lang Nature Reserve, China

Key Types of Decisions Key Types of Decisions

Prioritization (where to allocate Prioritization (where to allocate scarce conservation resources)scarce conservation resources)

Evaluation (which conservation Evaluation (which conservation actions result in conservation actions result in conservation outcomes under what circumstances)outcomes under what circumstances)

Intervention selection (understanding Intervention selection (understanding the dynamics of threats, actions and the dynamics of threats, actions and opportunities)opportunities)

Status

Context Assessment

Effectivness

Scales of monitoring and reporting

Hotspot

Country 1 Country 2 Country 3

KBA 1 KBA 1 KBA 2KBA 2 KBA 1KBA 2

Increase in spatial extent of data/information

Increase in resolution/detail of data/information

Regional trends identify gaps in conservation priorities at finer scales as well informs decision making

Standard & compatible local data required to manage adaptively and facilitate reporting regional and global trends.

Outcomes Monitoring Outcomes Monitoring

Focus is on the STATUS of:Focus is on the STATUS of:• Conservation Targets (species, sites, Conservation Targets (species, sites,

sea/landscapes)sea/landscapes)• Conservation Actions (research, Conservation Actions (research,

management, governance, financing, management, governance, financing, legislation, capacity building)legislation, capacity building)

• Threats (timing, scope, severity)Threats (timing, scope, severity)

Report at the Hotspot / High Biodiversity Wilderness Area scale

Outcomes MonitoringOutcomes MonitoringAggregate data to report on regional/global trends in Aggregate data to report on regional/global trends in our Outcomes: our Outcomes: • Red List IndexRed List Index• Percent change in habitat extentPercent change in habitat extent• Percentage of KBAs (in region) with protected statusPercentage of KBAs (in region) with protected status• Percentage of protected KBAs with management Percentage of protected KBAs with management

plan, enforcement strategy, capacitated staff, etc. plan, enforcement strategy, capacitated staff, etc. • Percentage of threats identified in action plan that Percentage of threats identified in action plan that

have been mitigatedhave been mitigated• Percentage of hectares in corridor / targetd land use Percentage of hectares in corridor / targetd land use

matrix that are zoned for conservation management matrix that are zoned for conservation management

Key Types of Decisions Key Types of Decisions

Prioritization (where to allocate Prioritization (where to allocate scarce conservation resources)scarce conservation resources)

Evaluation (which conservation Evaluation (which conservation actions result in conservation actions result in conservation outcomes under what circumstances)outcomes under what circumstances)

Intervention selection (understanding Intervention selection (understanding the dynamics of threats, actions and the dynamics of threats, actions and opportunities)opportunities)

Intervention MonitoringIntervention MonitoringFocus is on evaluating EFFECTIVENESS Focus is on evaluating EFFECTIVENESS of a given interventionof a given intervention

• Linked to changes in status of Linked to changes in status of conservation target at scale of conservation target at scale of interventionintervention

• Abatement of threatsAbatement of threats• Degree of implementationDegree of implementation

Report at the intervention scale

Roll up to evaluate intervention type

Adaptive Managment

OM and IMOM and IMOutcomes MonitoringOutcomes Monitoring Intervention MonitoringIntervention Monitoring

Global trendsGlobal trends CI investment successCI investment success

Inform decision making Inform decision making at institutional, at institutional, regional, national and regional, national and portfolio levelsportfolio levels

Inform decision making and Inform decision making and adaptive management for adaptive management for interventionsinterventions

Support multi-lateral Support multi-lateral and global reporting and global reporting effortsefforts

Support intervention Support intervention reporting effortsreporting efforts

Help refine regional Help refine regional conservation strategiesconservation strategies

Help refine intervention Help refine intervention planning strategies and planning strategies and identify appropriate identify appropriate interventionsinterventions

Added Value of IM nested with OMAdded Value of IM nested with OM Linking intervention with changes in Linking intervention with changes in

status of conservation targetsstatus of conservation targets Adaptive management at scale of Adaptive management at scale of

interventionintervention Understand how interventions work Understand how interventions work

(when and where)(when and where) Validate assumptions in conservation Validate assumptions in conservation

actionaction Ability to report success of individual Ability to report success of individual

investmentinvestment

Thank YouThank You

Questions???Questions???

Red List Index: Change in IUCN Red List status of species

RLI : Measure the relative rate at which the number of sp in each IUCN Redlist category change by tracking genuine change in sp extinction risk between Redlist assessment

-B & A: the RLI reveals deterioration in the conservation status over the last two decades

0.93

0.94

0.95

0.96

0.97

0.98

0.99

1.00

1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004

Year of IUCN Assessment

Red

Lis

t In

dex

Birds Amphibians Mammals

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Year of Protected Area Establishment

To

tal %

of

KB

As a

nd

AZ

E s

ites w

ith

fo

rmal

pro

tecti

on

sta

tus

KBAs (n= 164) AZE sites (n=15)

Change in Protection Status of Conservation Priority Areas: Key Biodiversity Areas, including Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites

Time period 1996 – 2006. In Madagascar, 50 of 164 KBAs (30.4%) including 11 of 15 AZE sites (73%), benefit from official safeguard status

AZE sites: highly irreplaceable and highly threatened sites that contain the last remaining population of one or more Critically Endangered or Endangered species.

Change in Habitat Extent in Key Biodiversity Areas, including Alliance for Zero Extinction sites

AZE sites had the highest rate of decline in the proportion of habitat cover during 1975 to 1990. During 1990 to 2000 the rate of decline slowed for all KBAs

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

1975 1990 2000

Year

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f F

ore

st

Co

ve

r (%

)

AZE Protected KBAs Unprotected KBAs All KBAs

Change in fragmentation in biodiversity conservation corridors

proportion of habitat not within 1 km from a non-habitat edge

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1975 1990 2000

% H

abit

at g

reat

er t

han

1 k

m

Ranomafana-Andringitra Corridor Mantadia - Zahamena Corridor

Change in fragmentation in biodiversity conservation corridors

proportion of habitat in patches >100 km2

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

1975 1990 2000

Year

% H

abit

at g

reat

er t

han

100

km

2

CI Enterprise

WBDB

Partner

Partner Partner

Partner

BirdLife IBAs

Exch

an

ge

pro

toco

ls

Exchange protocols

IUCN Red List

Annual update

Updates

Database Interactions

World Database on Protected

Areas

Exchange protocols

PUBLIC

Publications