SIG: Synthetic Seismogram Exchange Standards (formats & metadata)
Monitoring CO Injection Using Direct and Converted P-and S … Library/Events/2015/carbon...
1
Seismic Survey Design Source station in baseline survey Source station in post-injection survey no. 2 CCS1 = Injection well GM1 = VSP well VW1 = Verification well no. 1 (pressure, temperature, fluids) Source station used for processing tests QAe3858 Northing (ft) Easting (ft) 340,000 342,000 344,000 346,000 1,166,500 1,168,500 1,170,500 1,172,500 From Coueslan et al. (2013) CCS1 GM1 VW1 Integrated Seismic Monitoring Basement 2 Survey CO 2 Plume Monitoring Monitoring CO 2 Injection Using Direct and Converted P-and S-Waves Obtained by 3D VSP Alexander Klokov, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, GSCO2 Alexander Klokov, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, GSCO2 Monitoring CO 2 Injection Using Direct and Converted P-and S-Waves Obtained by 3D VSP Acknowledgments This work was supported as part of the Center for Geological Storage of CO 2 , an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. Data for this project were provided, in part, by work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-FC26-05NT42588 and the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity. Status August 2015 • A technology that allows accurate extraction of SV-P and SV-SV modes from vertical seismic profiling data has been developed • SV-P and SV-SV seismic images obtained are robust and consistent with conventional P-P, P-SV, and P-SH seismic images • Integration of five different seismic data modes provides more robust seismic analysis of the gas storage site • Independent modes indicate a possible dislocation at the top of reservoir; this feature requires a detailed study involving a full 3D VSP data volume and 3D surface data • CO 2 injection changes seismic properties of the reservoir that is detectable by P-P and SV-P images • P-SV, P-SH, and SV-SV appear too noisy to be used for time-lapse analysis; development of the technology should be aimed at elimination of these noises QAe3853 2000 3000 4000 W E 5000 6000 7000 8000 Depth (ft) Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft) 1600 1200 800 400 0 1600 1200 800 400 0 Receiver array P-P west P-P east Eau Claire Mt Simon Pre Mt Simon QAe3854 2000 3000 4000 W E 5000 6000 7000 8000 Depth (ft) Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft) 1600 1200 800 400 0 1600 1200 800 400 0 P-SV west P-SV east Eau Claire Mt Simon Pre Mt Simon Receiver array QAe3879 3000 4000 W E 5000 6000 7000 8000 Depth (ft) Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft) 1600 1200 800 400 0 1600 1200 800 400 0 P-SH west P-SH east Eau Claire Mt Simon Pre Mt Simon Receiver array QAe3881 4500 5000 5500 W 6000 6500 7000 7500 Depth (ft) Offset (ft) 1600 1200 800 0 400 SV-P west QAe3880 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 Depth (ft) W Offset (ft) 1600 1200 800 0 400 P-P west QAe3882 Seismic wavefields contain different waves and modes. Each of these modes interacts with the subsurface in its own way and often carries information about different features of the strata. A joint analysis of all available seismic wavefield modes yields a deeper understanding of the subsurface and helps constrain subsequent interpretation. Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) traditionally uses three-component receivers. This allows recording of all seismic wavefield components and their separation from each other. In this study, we work with 3D VSP data sets acquired at The Illinois Basin–Decatur Project (IBDP) site and investigate how different seismic wavefield components react to CO 2 saturation. We developed processing strategies for optimal extraction of P-P, P-SV, P-SH, SV-SV, and SV-P components. The first three modes are relatively strong, robust components that are produced by direct compressional waves and are traditional for VSP processing and interpretation. The SV-SV and SV-P components, in turn, are produced by direct S-waves, which are also generated by a vertical vibrator. These components are often ignored, despite the fact that they possess unique characteristics and provide information not available from the traditional components. We analyze all five VSP data components, obtain a seismic image for the strata around the injection well for each of these components, and discuss their features. Abstract 2000 P-P P-SV SV-P SV-SV P-SH QAe3855 2000 3000 4000 W E 5000 6000 7000 8000 Depth (ft) Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft) 1600 1200 800 400 0 1600 1200 800 400 0 SV-SV west SV-SV east Eau Claire Mt Simon Pre Mt Simon Receiver array QAe3856 2000 3000 4000 W E 5000 6000 7000 8000 Depth (ft) Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft) 1600 1200 800 400 0 1600 1200 800 400 0 Receiver array SV-P west SV-P east Eau Claire Mt Simon Pre Mt Simon Monitor 3 / Basement 2 Difference Eau Claire Mt Simon Pre Mt Simon Eau Claire Mt Simon Pre Mt Simon Injection P-P SV-P
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Transcript of Monitoring CO Injection Using Direct and Converted P-and S … Library/Events/2015/carbon...
Seismic Survey Design
Source station in baseline survey
Source station in post-injection survey no. 2
CCS1 = Injection well
GM1 = VSP well
VW1 = Verification well no. 1 (pressure, temperature, fluids)
Source station used for processing tests
QAe3858
Nor
thin
g (ft
)
Easting (ft)340,000 342,000 344,000 346,000
1,16
6,50
01,
168,
500
1,17
0,50
01,
172,
500
From Coueslan et al. (2013)
CCS1
GM1
VW1
Integrated Seismic MonitoringBasement 2 Survey
CO2 Plume Monitoring
Monitoring CO2 Injection Using Direct and Converted
P-and S-Waves Obtained by 3D VSPAlexander Klokov, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, GSCO2Alexander Klokov, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, GSCO2
Monitoring CO2 Injection Using Direct and Converted
P-and S-Waves Obtained by 3D VSP
AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported as part of the Center for Geological Storage of CO2, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science.
Data for this project were provided, in part, by work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-FC26-05NT42588 and the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity.
Status August 2015• A technology that allows accurate extraction of SV-P and SV-SV modes from
vertical seismic profiling data has been developed• SV-P and SV-SV seismic images obtained are robust and consistent with
conventional P-P, P-SV, and P-SH seismic images• Integration of five different seismic data modes provides more robust seismic
analysis of the gas storage site• Independent modes indicate a possible dislocation at the top of reservoir; this
feature requires a detailed study involving a full 3D VSP data volume and 3D surface data
• CO2 injection changes seismic properties of the reservoir that is detectable by P-P and SV-P images
• P-SV, P-SH, and SV-SV appear too noisy to be used for time-lapse analysis; development of the technology should be aimed at elimination of these noises
QAe3853
2000
3000
4000
W E
5000
6000
7000
8000
Dep
th (f
t)
Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft)1600 1200 800 400 0 160012008004000
Receiver array
P-P west P-P east
Eau Claire
Mt Simon
Pre Mt Simon
QAe3854
2000
3000
4000
W E
5000
6000
7000
8000
Dep
th (f
t)
Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft)1600 1200 800 400 0 160012008004000
P-SV west P-SV east
Eau Claire
Mt Simon
Pre Mt Simon
Receiver array
QAe3879
3000
4000
W E
5000
6000
7000
8000
Dep
th (f
t)
Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft)1600 1200 800 400 0 160012008004000
P-SH west P-SH east
Eau Claire
Mt Simon
Pre Mt Simon
Receiver array
QAe3881
4500
5000
5500
W
6000
6500
7000
7500
Dep
th (f
t)
Offset (ft)1600 1200 800 0400
SV-P west
QAe3880
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
Dep
th (f
t)
W Offset (ft)1600 1200 800 0400
P-P west
QAe3882
Seismic wavefields contain different waves and modes. Each of these modes interacts with the subsurface in its own way and often carries information about different features of the strata. A joint analysis of all available seismic wavefield modes yields a deeper understanding of the subsurface and helps constrain subsequent interpretation.
Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) traditionally uses three-component receivers. This allows recording of all seismic wavefield components and their separation from each other. In this study, we work with 3D VSP data sets acquired at The Illinois Basin–Decatur Project (IBDP) site and investigate how different seismic wavefield components react to CO2 saturation. We developed processing strategies for optimal extraction of P-P, P-SV, P-SH, SV-SV, and SV-P components. The first three modes are relatively strong, robust components that are produced by direct compressional waves and are traditional for VSP processing and interpretation. The SV-SV and SV-P components, in turn, are produced by direct S-waves, which are also generated by a vertical vibrator. These components are often ignored, despite the fact that they possess unique characteristics and provide information not available from the traditional components. We analyze all five VSP data components, obtain a seismic image for the strata around the injection well for each of these components, and discuss their features.
Abstract
2000
P-P
P-SV SV-P
SV-SV
P-SH
QAe3855
2000
3000
4000
W E
5000
6000
7000
8000
Dep
th (f
t)
Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft)1600 1200 800 400 0 160012008004000
SV-SV west SV-SV east
Eau Claire
Mt Simon
Pre Mt Simon
Receiver array
QAe3856
2000
3000
4000
W E
5000
6000
7000
8000D
epth
(ft)
Offset (ft) Synthetic Seismogram Offset (ft)1600 1200 800 400 0 160012008004000
Receiver array
SV-P west SV-P east
Eau Claire
Mt Simon
Pre Mt Simon
Monitor 3 / Basement 2 Difference
Eau Claire
Mt Simon
Pre Mt Simon
Eau Claire
Mt Simon
Pre Mt SimonInjection
P-P SV-P
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