WELCOME BACK

Good job Chandler Football!!!

College football was crazy this weekend!

ASU won 58-23!

Finishing children this week- starting adolescence next week Monday

CASE STUDY REVIEW FROM THURSDAY

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD

ATTACHMENT

Emotional tie with another person shown by seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separationBody contact,

familiarity, and responsiveness all contribute to attachment.

HARRY HARLOW Did research with infant monkeys

on how body contact relates to attachment

What makes the mother so important? Took the monkeys away from their

mother The monkeys had to chose between a

cloth mother or a wire mother that provided food.

HARRY HARLOW-RESULTS

The monkeys spent most of their time by the cloth mother, even though it did not have food!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsA5Sec6dAI

HARLOW’S STUDY

HARLOW CONCLUSIONS It was the touching,

and physical response that mattered, not the feeding

This is called contact comfort, or tactile touch

Monkeys cling to their mothers because of the need for contact comfort

FAMILIARITY Sense of contentment

with that which is already known.Infants form

attachments to parents at 6 months when they can recognize them from one person to another 6 months- 3 years

attachment is strong

STRANGER ANXIETY The fear of strangers that infants commonly display,

even when the mother is present Begins around 8 months of age

SEPARATION ANXIETY When the child is suddenly separated from

the mother and is anxious. If separation persists, the child may develop

psychological disorders

IMPRINTING

A process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period early in lifeKonrad Lorenz studied

imprinting with geese Found that they

attached themselves to whatever moved first

IMPRINTING https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=

4cSJHtatBGQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGBqQyZid04

Tom & Jerry: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PBYySnwHxc

CRITICAL PERIOD

A specific time in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned If the goslings

imprinted on a human, they would later learn to follow their mother

Important for survival purposes

BLOCK PERIOD Let’s see how your parents screwd up- just

kidding!!!

Activities and TED talks

RESPONSIVENESS

Responsive parents are aware of what their children are doing.

Unresponsive parents ignore their children--helping only when they want to.

SECURELY OR INSECURELY ATTACHED Securely attached – children

will explore their environment when primary caregiver is present

Insecurely attached – children will appear distressed and cry when caregiver leaves. Will cling to them when they return

EFFECTS OF ATTACHMENT

Secure attachment predicts social competence.

Deprivation of attachment is linked to negative outcome.

A responsive environment helps most infants recover from attachment disruption.

ACTIVITY: CULTURE AND ATTACHMENT The sheet that you had yesterday, get it out

Respond the the scenario and question.

Collecting this in 15 minutes

PARENTING STYLES

PARENTAL PATTERNS

Daumrind’s three main parenting stylesAuthoritarian parentingPermissive parentingAuthoritative parenting

One Extra: Uninvolved Parenting

AUTHORITARIAN: Children are expected to follow the strict rules

established by the parents Failure to follow rules results in punishment. Parents fail to explain the reasoning behind

rules. If asked to explain, the parent might simply reply, "Because I said so."

These parents have high demands, but are not responsive to their children.

EFFECTS OF AUTHORITARIAN STYLELead to children who are obedient and proficient, but they rank lower in happiness, social competence and self-esteem

PERMISSIVE: FREEDOM WITHOUT LIMITS.

Definition: Parents allow their children to do their own thing.

Little respect for order and routine.

Parents make few demands on children.

Parents are resources rather than standard makersRarely punish

Children walk all over the parents

EFFECTS OF PERMISSIVE PARENTINGChildren Are: •Aggressive•Least self—reliant•Least self-controlled•Least exploratory•Most unhappy

AUTHORITATIVE

Definition: Middle ground between the two above Parents set limits

and enforce rules Willing to listen

receptively to child’s requests and questions.

Exert firm control when necessary, but explain reasoning behind it.

Respect children’s interest, opinions, unique personalities.

Loving, consistent, demanding

EFFECTS OF DEMOCRATIC STYLE•Mostly self-reliant•Content, friendly•tend to result in children who are happy, capable and successful

UNINVOLVED PARENTING STYLE Sometimes referred to as neglectful

parenting, is a style characterized by a lack of responsiveness to a child's needs.

Uninvolved parents make few to no demands of their children and they are often indifferent, dismissive or even completely neglectful.

CHARACTERISTICS

Are emotionally distant from their children Offer little or no supervision Show little warmth, love, and affection

towards their children Have few or no expectations or demands for

behavior Don't attend school events and parent-

teacher conferences May intentionally avoid their children Are often too overwhelmed by their own

problems to deal with their children

EFFECTS: Children raised by uninvolved parents: Must learn to provide for themselves Fear becoming dependent on other people Are often emotionally withdrawn Tend to exhibit more delinquency during

adolescence Feel fear, anxiety, or stress due to the lack

of family support

PARENTING STYLES

VIDEO QUIZ! http://

www.youtube.com/results?search_query=parenting+styles

ACTIVITY: In groups of one or two, develop a case study

based on the parenting style that I assign you. The case study should be about a situation in

which a child or teen interacts with their parents.

This case study must be 5 sentences long, and describe the actions of the parents and the reactions of their child.

Do not let another group know your parenting style- it is their job to guess (a SECRET!).

When you are done, you will read them out loud to the class and see if you can guess which parenting style they are describing.

EXAMPLE: Jada really wants to go on a boating trip with her

friends for the weekend. She knows that if she talks to her parents about the trip, they may or may not let her go. After dinner, she asks her parents if they would let her go or not. Her parents ask if there will be adults there, the phone numbers of the adults, if there will be boys there, and who of Jada’s friends are going. They tell Jada that after talking to her and her friends parents, they will make a decision. After finding out that no adults will be on the trip, they decided not to let her go. Jada understands, and although she is disappointed, she understands their worries and why they are not letting her go.

What parenting style am I? What would the reaction be for the other parents?

ANOTHER EXAMPLE: Brian asked his parents for $200 for a new pair

of shoes today, and even though they are in debt, they gave it to him anyway. When his brother begged for McDonald’s for dinner by having a temper tantrum, the parents gave in and got what he wanted. When Brian’s sister did not come home until 3am last night, his parents did nothing about it. Brian is not very happy, and finds that all the things that he wants are making his parents miserable.

What parenting style am I? What would the reaction be for the other

parents?

NUMBERS1. Authoritarian parenting2. Permissive parenting3. Authoritative parenting4. Uninvolved Parenting

LET’S SHARE YOUR STORIES!

TED TALK Parenting Response:

https://www.ted.com/talks/jennifer_senior_for_parents_happiness_is_a_very_high_bar/transcript?language=en

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

SOCIALIZATION Socialization- learning

the rules and behavior of the culture in which in individual is born and will live Includes learning to

live with yourself and with other people Learning to share and

play with others at an early age

Adapting the rules of your family to the rules of society

CAN BE FLEXIBLE Can be clear or

flexible, changing from situation to situation and person to person or over time Boys – express

aggression but not fear

Girls – express emotion but not ambition

FREUD

FREUD- PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT All children are

born with powerful sexual and aggressive urges

By learning to control these impulses one develops a sense of what is right and wrong

STAGE 1- ORAL STAGE Pleasure seeking is focused on the mouth-

eating , sucking, biting Weaning a child from nursing is frustrating

and a source of conflict- first experience with not getting what he or she wants

Up until about 18 months old

STAGE 2- ANAL STAGE Pleasure seeking

centered on functions of elimination-going to the bathroom

Toilet training teaches a child to curb their freedom and social control, first experience with discipline and authority

1 ½- 3 years

STAGE 3- PHALLIC STAGE Children become

aware of the differences between themselves and members of the opposite sex

The child become a rival for the affections of the parent of the opposite sex

4-6 years

COMPLEXES Oedipus Complex-

The boy wants to win his mother and wants to kill his father

Electra Complex-The girl wants her father and tries to kill her mother

Unconscious level

STAGE 4- LATENCY STAGESexual thoughts are

repressed and the child focuses on developing social and intellectual skills, the beginnings of concern for others

Sublimation- redirecting sexual impulses into learning tasks

Ages 6-puberty

STAGE 5- GENITAL STAGE Adulthood Sexual desires and

renewed and the individual seeks relationships with others, deriving satisfaction from giving and receiving pleasure, adoption of adult responsibilities According to Freud,

personality development is complete

ERIK ERIKSON

TRUST VS. MISTRUST Birth to Year 1 Children either build trust or mistrust through

the care, comfort, and love provided by caregivers.

Feeding

AUTONOMY VS. SHAME/DOUBT 1-3 Years Children become more independent and

either learn to feel confident and self-sufficient or insecure and filled with doubt.

Toilet Training

INITIATIVE VS. GUILT 3-6 years Children begin to assert power and control of

their environment. Success leads to feelings of productivity,

while failure can result in guilt. Example:Exploration/reading

INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY 7-11 years Children begin to establish

competence in school and other areas.

Failure at this stage leads to feelings of inferiority and helplessness.

School

IDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION Adolescence Teens try to establish a

sense of personal identity. Those who are successful

gain a strong sense of self, while those who fail experience role confusion and poor self-identity.

Social Relationships

INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION Adulthood

Romantic and other close relationships are the focus of this stage.

The ability to form loving relationships leads to long-term healthy relationships. Failure at this stage can

result in loneliness and isolation.

Personal Relationships

GENERATIVITY VS. STAGNATION Adulthood Adults feel the need to

contribute to the future and create things that will outlast them.

Success at this stage leads to feelings of accomplishment, while failure results in stagnation.

Work and Parenthood

INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR Adulthood

Success at this stage leaders to feelings of contentment and peace with the life one has lived, while failure leads to bitterness, regret, and despair.

Reflection on Life