MolesMoles

1 mole = 6.022 x 1 mole = 6.022 x 10102323

1 pair = 21 pair = 2

1 dozen = 121 dozen = 12

Etc.Etc.

1 mole of atoms = 1 mole of atoms = the atomic weight the atomic weight on periodic tableon periodic table

Practice calculationsPractice calculations

How much would a mole of KNOHow much would a mole of KNO33 weigh?weigh?

How much would a mole of acetic How much would a mole of acetic acid (CHacid (CH33COOH) weigh?COOH) weigh?

How much would a mole of copper (II) How much would a mole of copper (II) phosphate (Cuphosphate (Cu33(PO(PO44))22) weigh?) weigh?

More practice More practice problemsproblems How many moles is 3.0 grams of How many moles is 3.0 grams of

sugar (Csugar (C66HH1212OO66)?)?

35.0 g of CaCO35.0 g of CaCO33 is how many moles? is how many moles?

0.17 moles of Na0.17 moles of Na22HPOHPO44 is how many is how many grams?grams?

Concentration UnitsConcentration Units Molarity (moles of Molarity (moles of

solute/liter of solute/liter of solution)solution)

If a solution of HCl If a solution of HCl contains 3.15g of contains 3.15g of HCl in 25mL, what HCl in 25mL, what is the molarity of is the molarity of the solution?the solution?

I want to make I want to make 500mL of a 0.05M 500mL of a 0.05M NaOH, how may NaOH, how may grams of NaOH do grams of NaOH do I need?I need?

pH scalepH scale

Neutral pH?Neutral pH? Acidic pH?Acidic pH? Basic pH?Basic pH? pH = -log[H+]pH = -log[H+] Log scale Log scale

therefore pH of 1 therefore pH of 1 is 10x more acidic is 10x more acidic than a pH of 2than a pH of 2

pH scale continuedpH scale continued A solution has a [H+] of 0.01M. What A solution has a [H+] of 0.01M. What

is its pH?is its pH? The [H+] is 0.005M pH = ?The [H+] is 0.005M pH = ? Windex has a pH of ____, what is its Windex has a pH of ____, what is its

[H[H++]?]? SnoBowl has a pH of ____, what is its SnoBowl has a pH of ____, what is its

[H[H++]?]?

As pH increases acidity decreasesAs pH increases acidity decreases

Acids/ Bases & LifeAcids/ Bases & Life

pH of blood must be between 7.3-pH of blood must be between 7.3-7.57.5

How is this done?How is this done? Buffers: substance which resists Buffers: substance which resists

changes in pHchanges in pH Carbonate buffer system is Carbonate buffer system is

important for maintaining pH in important for maintaining pH in biological systemsbiological systems

Acid Rain Acid Rain DemonstrationDemonstration

Which areas are more susceptible to Which areas are more susceptible to the effects of acid rain, areas with thin the effects of acid rain, areas with thin soils and granite underneath or areas soils and granite underneath or areas with carbonate soils? Why?with carbonate soils? Why?

CaCOCaCO33 + H + H++ Ca Ca2+2+ + HCO + HCO33--

Limestone weatheringLimestone weathering2KAlSi2KAlSi33OO88 + 2H + 2H++ + H + H22O O Al Al22SiSi22OO55(OH)(OH)44 + 4SiO + 4SiO22

+ 2K+ 2K++

Feldspar Feldspar weatheringweathering

Acid Rain Chemistry 107Acid Rain Chemistry 107Location pH w/acid w/base

Richards 6.62 6.8 6.85

Winona 6.66 6.76 6.74

snow 6.96 6.5 6.59

distilled 6.04 5.85 6.35

Tap (dorms) 6.66 6.29 6.5

snow 5.98 3.59 5.63

well water 6.73 6.28 6.57

Lake Winona 6.24 6.04 6.07

Mississippi 6.23 6.04 5.93

Richards 6.42 6.32 6.45

Root River 7.26 6.83 7.2

Mississippi 7.2 7.19 6.99

distilled 7.43 4.29 3.94?

campus (tap) 7.5 7.18 7.5

faucet (house) 7.19 7.05 7.13

distilled 6.19 3.7 6.94

Somsen 7 6.73 7.22

Lake Winona 7.26 6.87 7.26

Tap (dorms) 7.15 7.07 7.28