Molecular Basis of Lymphokine Action

Experimental Biology and Medicine

Molecular Basis of Lyrnphokine Action, edited by David R. Webb, Carl W. Pierce, and Stanley Cohen, 1987

Biology of Copper Complexes, edited by John R. J. Sorenson, 1987 Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease, edited by P. H. Levine,

D. V. Ablashi, M. Nonoyama, G. R. Pearson, and R. Glaser, 1987

Methods of Protein Sequence Analysis • 1986, edited by Kenneth A. Walsh, 1987

Regulation of Immune Gene Expression, edited by Marc Feldmann and Andrew McMichael, 1986

Biological Methylation and Drug Design, edited by Ronald T. Borchardt, Cyrus R. Creveling, and Per Magne Ueland, 1986

Retroviruses and Human Pathology, edited by Robert C. Gallo, Dominique Stehelin, and Oliviero E. Varnier, 1985

Directed Drug Delivery, edited by Ronald T. Borchardt, Arnold Repta, and Valentino Stella, 1985

Immune Regulation, edited by Marc Feldmann and N. A. Mitchison, 1985

Human T Cell Clones, edited by Marc Feldmann, Jonathan R. Lamb, and James N. Woody, 1985

Inositol and Phosphoinositides, edited by John E. Bleasdale, Joseph Eichberg, and George Hauser, 1985

Growth, Cancer, and the Cell Cycle, edited by Philip Skehan and Susan J. Friedman, 1984

Ir Genes, edited by Carl W. Pierce, Susan E. Cullen, Judith A. Kapp, Benjamin D. Schwartz, and Donald C. Shreffler, 1983

Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis, edited by Marshall Elzinga, 1982

Inflammatory Diseases and Copper, edited by John R. J. Sorenson, 1982

Membrane Fluidity, edited by Morris Kates and Arnis Kuksis, 1980

Molecular Basis of Lymphokine Action

Edited by

David R. Webb Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey

Carl W. Pierce Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis

and Stanley Cohen University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut

Humana Press • Clifton, New Jersey

© Copyright 1987 by The Humana Press Inc.

Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 1987

Crescent Manor PO Box 2148 Clifton, NJ 07015

All rights of any nature whatsoever reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval sytem, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, computer database entry, or networking, or in any other manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Molecular basis of Iymphokine action.

(Experimental biology and medicine) Based on the Fifth International Lymphokine Workshop

held in Clearwater Beach, Fla., Jan. 11-15, 1987 under the sponsorship of the Jewish Hospital of St. louis.

Includes index. 1. Lymphokines-Physiological effect-Congresses. 2. Molecular biology-Con­

gresses. I. Webb, David R., 1944- . Pierce, Carl W. III. Cohen, Stanley, 1937- . IV. Internationallymphokine Workshop (5th: 1987: Clearwater Beach, Fla.) V. Jewish Hospital of St. louis. VI. Series: Experimental Biology and Medicine (Clifton, NJ)

[DNlM: 1. Immunity, Cellular-congresses. 2. Lymphokines-physiology-congresses. 3. Molecular Biology- congresses. W3 IN729 5th 1987m I OW 568 M718 1987) OR 185.8.L93M65 1987 616.10'9 87-26151

ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-8943-2 001: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4598-8

e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-4598-8

Preface

The Fifth International Lymphokine Workshop was convened in Clearwater Beach, Florida, January 11-15, 1987. The theme chosen for the meeting was 'The Molecular Basis of Lymphokine Action," which reflected the opinion of the organizers as to how far the field had moved since the first Lymphokine Workshop only eleven years ago.

As was evident at the last Lymphokine Workshop held in 1985, the contribution of molecular biology, particularly in the cloning of lymphokine genes, continues to play an important role in clarifying the structure of lymphokines, providing recombinant (read "pure") proteins for biological studies, and suggesting directions for studies of the molecular basis of lymphokine activity.

The most recent lymphokines to yield to molecular cloning meth­odology were the B-cell growth and differentiation factors, in partic­ular BSF-1 or, as it is sometimes termed, interleukin 4. One of the surprises from this research is the broad spectrum of activities that can be attributed to this molecule, aside from its effects on B-cells, thus perhaps justifying its being called an interleukin. The interleukin 2 symposium demonstrated that even in a well-established research area, controversy and excitement can continue, when evidence was presented by several investigators indicating the presence of a second "converter" protein that changes the affinity of the now classical Tac antigen from a low to a high affinity IL-2 receptor.

By contrast, the isolation and detailed molecular characterization ofthe IL-1 receptor con tinues to be elusive. However, the vast number of biological systems that respond to IL-1 were well represented by the fact that more abstracts were submitted for the IL-1 workshop than for any other topic. Elusive as well are the suppressor factors. Although this area of research has not been fruitful in terms of molecular cloning studies, it was evident from the symposium on suppressor factors that cloning of the lymphocyte-derived suppressor factors will soon pick up pace. For example, transforming growth factor-~ can be a product ofT -cells and will suppress some lymphocyte growth, a topic covered in depth by the keynote speaker, Dr. George Todaro, who discussed

v

vi Preface

the transforming growth factors, a field that he and his colleagues pioneered.

Dr. Byron Waksman provided insight into where he hopes lym­phokine research will lead (a modern immunopathology, to vastly oversimplify a delightful discussion). His words were underscored by the following day's final symposium on the "Clinical Uses of Lymphokines." Several of the speakers addressed the newly emerg­ing use of lymphokines or lymphokine genes as probes to directly assess their effects in disease. Others addressed the as-yet unfulfilled promise of lymphokines as therapeutic agents.

The next Workshop will be held in the Fall of 1988 in France, organized by Drs. D. Fradelizi and J. Bertoglio.

The success of any meeting is of course due to the help and support of many individuals and sponsors. The Organizing Commit­tee expresses their sincere thanks to all the individuals at the Holiday Inn -Surfside, Clearwater Beach, Florida who made the Workshop flow smoothly. A special thank you is due Paula Ryan, whose tireless efforts at our word processor coordinated the correspondence that went into the Workshop, and whose efforts at the Workshop smoothed out all the little problems. We further thank the graduate students of the Department of Medical Microbiology at the University of South Florida who provided the audiovisual assistance for both the Symposia and Workshops. Lastly, we thank Thomas Lanigan, Presi­dent of Humana Press, for his support in bringing this record of the meeting to press. We also acknowledge the sponsorship of the Jewish Hospital of S1. Louis for the Workshop and thank the following for support without which the Workshop would not have been possible.

David R. Webb Carl W. Pierce Stanley Cohen

MAJOR SPONSOR

G. D. Searle and Co.

SUSTAINING SPONSOR

Hoffmann LaRoche, Inc.

SPONSORS

Applied Biosystems Boehringer Ingleheim Boehringer Mannheim

Bristol Myers Burroughs Well come

Cetus Corp. Eli Lilly and Co.

Genentech Immunex Corp.

Interferon Sciences Pfizer

Pharmacia Schering Corp.

Upjohn National Institutes of Health

THE ORGANIZING COMMITIEE

David R. Webb Carl W. Pierce Stanley Cohen

SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITIEE

S. Cohen, USA A. DeWeck, Switzerland C. Dinarello, USA D. Fradelizi, France C. Geczy, Australia L. Lachman, USA A. Maizel, USA J. J. Oppenheim, USA V. Paetkau, Canada

E. Pick, Israel C. Pierce, USA A. Schimpl, W. Germany J. Schrader, Canada K. Smith, USA C. Sorg, W. Germany T. Tada, Japan D. Webb, USA

Contents

v Preface

xv Participants

Keynote Address

3 Tumor Growth Factors, C. Todaro

Suppressor Factors

13 Suppressor T Cell Receptor and Functional Molecules, M. Taniguchi*, E.Matsushita, KImai,A.Koseki, T. Sumida, T. Takemori, T. Ito, S. Yamamoto, and M.Kanno

21 Role of Glycosylation Inhibiting Factor (GIF), A Phospholi­pase Inhibitory Protein, In the Generation of Antigen­Specific Suppressor T Cells, M. Iwata, M. Akasaki, P. Jardieu, and K Ishizaka *

33 Characterization of GAT -Specific Suppressor Factors and Comparison to Other Antigen-Specific Factors, J. A. Kapp *, C.M.Sorensen, C. W.Pierce,andD.R. Webb

47 Soluble Immune Response Suppressor (SIRS) Mediated In­hibition of Cell Division, T. M. Aune

59 Differentiation and Proliferation of CDW Suppressor T Lymphocytes, R. R. Rich *, E. ,. Fox, and M. N. EIMasry

* Presenting Author

ix

x Contents

Interleukin 1

73 Molecular Studies on Murine Interleukin 1, S. B. Mizel*, J. Suttles, J. Giri, J. Lewis, P. Kilian, and K. A. Paganelli

83 Multiple Biological Activities of Human Interleukin-l, C. A. Dinarello

97 A Membrane Form of IL-I-Identification and Control of Ex­pression, E. R. Unanue*, C. T. Weaver, R. C. Fuhlbrigge, J-M. Kiely, and D. D. Chaplin

105 Characterization of Interleukin-l Receptors, S. K. Dower

117 T Cell Interleukin 1, S. K. Durum*, A. Finnegan, D. T. Brody, E. J. Kovacs, M. R. Smith, J. A. Berzofsky, H. A. Young, and B. Tartakovsky

B Cell Growth and Differentiation Factors

123 Molecular Structure and Immunological Function of Hu­man B Cell Differentiation Factor (BSF2), T. Kishimoto*, T. Taga, K. Yasukawa, Y. Wantanabe, T. Matsuda, K. Nakajima, and T. Hirano

137 Current Studies Examining Regulation of the Human B Cell Cycle, J. L. Ambrus, Jr. and A. S. Fauci*

149 Two Types of Mouse Helper T Cell Clone: Differences in B Cell Help and Lymphokine Synthesis, T. R. Mosmann*, H. Cherwinski, D. Cher, and R. L. Coffman

Interleukin 2

161 Two Step Activation of the Interleukin-2 Autocrine Loop May Be Involved in ATL Development, H. Shibuya,

Contents

H. Harada, M. Maruyama, T. Fujita, M. Seiki, J-1. Inoue, M. Yoshida, M. Hatakeyama and T. Taniguchi*

xi

171 The Human High Affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor,W. C. Greene*, M. Dukovich, Y. Wano, J. H. Kehrl, and R. J. Robb

181 Regulation of IU and Related Genes at the mRNA Level, V. Paetkau*, J. Shaw, J. Elliott, B. Pohajdak, and K. Meerovitch

193 Effects of Interleukin-2 to Promote Prothymocyte and Early Thymocyte Proliferation and Differentiation and to Increase Cyclic GMP Levels, J. Hadden *, M. Wiranowska, R. Coffey, S. Specter, A. Galy, J-L. Touraine, and E. Hadden

207 Biological Significance of Interleukin-2 Receptor-Associated Molecules, A. Yamaguchi, T. Uede*, T. Murakami, H. Osawa, T. Diamantstein, and K. Kikuchi

217 Identification of a Novel Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit, M. Sharon and W. J. Leonard*

Effector Factors

223 In Vivo Antitumor Activities of Tumor Necrosis Factor­Alpha, M. A. Palladino

233 Life After IL2, R. C. Bleackley*, C. G. Lobe, C. Havele, J. Shaw, B. Pohajdak, and M. Redmond

245 Regulatory Polypeptides in the Lympho-Hemopoietic Sys­tem, J. W. Schrader*, K. B. Leslie, I. Clark-Lewis, P. Pith a-Rowe, H. J. Ziltener, and B. F. Fazekas

261 Cachectin/TNF: A Mediator of Lethal Endotoxemia, K. J. Tracey, S. F. Lowry, and A. Cerami*

xii Contents

271 The Molecular Complex of Macrophage Migration Inhib­itory Activity (MIF) and Its Role in Inflammatory Reactions, C. Sorg* and K. Odink

Hematopoietic Growth Factors

283 Molecular Biology of Interleukin-3, 1. C. Young*, H. D. Campbell, S. Ymer, T. Robins, D. R. Cohen, and A.J.Hapel

295 The Molecular and Biological Properties of the Human and Murine Members of the CSF-1 Family, P. Ralph*, M. B. Ladner, A. M. Wang, E S. Kawasaki, L. McConlogue, J. F. Weaver, S. A. Weiss, P. Shadle, K. Koths, and M.K. Warren

313 Isolation and Characterization of Mouse and Human cDNA Clones Encoding IL-4 and IgA-Enhancing Factor /Eosino­phil CSF (IL-5), T. Yokota, H. Hagiwara, Y. Takebe, T. Otsuka, A. Miyajima, P. Meyerson, P. Hoy, K. Yokota, R. Coffman, D. Rennick, T. Mosmann, M. Howard, J. Banch­ereau, J. DeVries, N. Arai, F. Lee, and K. Arai*

325 Molecular Cloning and Characterization of the Human Gene for Interleukin-3 (IL-3), y-c. Yang* and S. C. Clark

339 Structure-Function Studies of Lymphokines by Total Chemical Synthesis, I. Clark-Lewis, A. F. Lopez*, M. Vadas, J. W. Schrader, L. Hood, and S. B. H. Kent

Clincal Uses of Lymphokines

353 Cytokines in Metabolic Bone Disease, W. A. Peck*, L. Rifas, S-L. Cheng, V. Shen, R. Pacifici, and L. V. Avioli

359 Lymphokine Production in Autoimmunity: Usefulness of mRNA Assays, M. Feldmann*, R. N. Maini, M. Londei, K. Barrett, M. Turner, and C. Buchan

Contents xiii

371 Interleukin-2 Receptor Directed Immunosuppressive Ther­apy, T. B. Strom *, V. E. Kelley, J. R. Murphy, H. Osawa, N. L. Tilney, M. E. Shapiro, J. W. Kupiec-Weglinski, T. Diamantstein, G. N. Gaulton, and R. L. Kirkman

393 An Improved Method for the Generation of Human Acti­vated Killer Cells, R. K. Oldham*, J. R. Yannelli, G. B. Thurman, and W. W. West

409 Growth and Differentiation Factors for Human Metachro­matically Staining Cells, B. M. Stadler*, S. Brantschen, K. Hirai, K. Nakajima, A. Walz, and A. L. deWeck

Banquet Address

419 Lymphokine Research and the Biology of Immunologic Diseases, B. H. Waksman

Workshop Summaries

429 Interleukin I, ,. ,. Oppenheim and L. B. Lachman

443 Hemtapoietic Growth Factors, W. L. Farrar

449 Suppressor/Effector Factors, D. Webb and J. Orlaldo

455 Clinical Uses of Lymphokines, D. C. Dumonde

463 Interleukin 2, S. Cohen and W. Leonard

471 Lymphokines Activating Cells for Killer Functions, R. Herberman

475 B Cell Growth Factors, M. Howard

479 Index

Participants

M. AGELLI • LMI, NIDR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland F. B. AIELLO • National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland T. AKAHOSHI • Frederick, Maryland W. Y. ALMAWI • Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax,

Nova Scotia, Canada A. ALTMAN • Department of Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Founda-

tion, La Jolla, California B. W. ALTROCK • Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California D. W. ANDERSON • G. D. Searle, St. Louis, Missouri K. AIw • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California D. Auo • Catholic Medical Center, Brooklyn and Queens, Jamaica, New York T. AUNE • Genentech, Inc., So. San Francisco, California P. E. AURON • Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Cambr­

idge, Massachusetts H. AzuMA • Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover,

New Hampshire O. BAKOUmE • Department of Cell Biology, M. D. Anderson Hospital, Houston,

Texas J. BANrnEREAU • UNICET, Dardilly, France S. BANERJEE • Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota V. BARAK • Department of Radiation Therapy and Clinical Oncology, Hadassah

University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel B. BARTON • Allergan, Irvine, California J. R. BATIlSTO • Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio G. BECK • Department of Pathology, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York J. BECKER • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida S. BECKNER • PRJ, NCl, FCRF, Frederick, Maryland K. BENDTZEN • Laboratory of Medical Immunology, University Hospital, Copen-

hagen, Denmark A. E. BERGER • Cell Biology Unit, The Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, Michigan L. E. BERMUDEZ • Kuzell Institute, San Francisco, California J. BERTOGLIO • Immunology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Desmoulins, Villejuif,

France A. BILLIAU • K. U. Leuven, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium

xv

xvi Participants

T. A. BIRD • Strangeways Research Laboratories, Cambridge, England D. K. BLANCHARD· Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Southern

Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida R. C. BLEACKLEY • Department of Biochemistry, The University of Alberta,

Edmonton, Canada B. BLUM • Forschungs Institute Borstel, Borstel, Germany S. BODMER • Section of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Zurich, Swit­

zerland L. BORISH • Allergy Division, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachu-

setts w. E. BOWERS • Bassett Institute for Medical Research, Cooperstown, New York I. A. BRAUDE • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California R. J. BRESLIN • Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Department of Surgery, Baltimore,

Maryland D. BRODY • NCI, FCRF, PRI, Frederick, Maryland K. A. BROWN • Department of Immunology, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas'

Hospital, London, England G. BURMEISTER • Robapharm Ltd. Basel, St. Albanrheinweg, Basel, Switzerland W. A. BUURMAN • The Netherlands L. BUTLER • Lilly Research Labs, Indianapolis, Indiana R. CALLARD • Department of Immunology, Institute of Child Health, London,

England J. G. CANNON • Tufts University, Department of Medicine, Quincy, Massachusetts J. A. CARLINO • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California G. CASPRITZ • Immunopharmacology, University of Southern Florida, College of

Medicine, Tampa, Florida S. CENSINI • Sclavo Research Centre, Immunopharmacology, Siena, Italy A. CERAMI • The Rockefeller University, New York, New York N. CERLETI1 • Ciba-Geigy Basel, Switzerland D. D. CHAPLIN • Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri U. CHEN-BEITECKEN • Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel, Switzerland J. W. CHIAO, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, New York, New

York J. E. CHIN • E. I. DuPont and Co., Glenolden, Pennsylvania S. CHOUAIB • Institute Gustave Roussy, Labo d'immunologie, Desmoulins,

Villeuif, France W. S. CHU • Baylor College of Medicine, Immunology Section, Houston, Texas 1. CLARK-LEWIS • Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia,

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada R. CLAERC • Ciba-Geigy, Basel, Switzerland S. COHEN • Department of Pathology, University of Connecticut Health Center,

Farmington, Connecticut S. COHEN • Williamsville, New York

Participants

P. J. CONLON • Immunex Co., Seattle, Washington D. COSMAN • Immunex Co., Seattle, Washington

XVll

P. J. C OZENS • Wellcome Biotech, Langley Court, Beckenham, Kent, United Kingdom

A. CREASEY • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California G. M. CROWLEY • Eledro-Nucleonics Inc., Silver Springs, Maryland B. J. DALTON • Department of Immunology, Smith Kline and French Labs.,

Swedeland, Pennsylvania M. DANNER • Department of Dermatoloy II, University of Vienna, Laboratory for

Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria L. DAUM • Knoll AG, Ludwigshafen, Germany J. M. DAYER • Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, University Hospital

Cantonal, Geneva, Switzerland M. R. DEmEL • Biotechnology, The Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, Michigan J. DELARMARTER • Biogen SA, Geneva, Switzerland R. DEvos • Biogent, Gent, Belgium Y. L. DEVRIES • Glenolden, Pennsylvania R. DrrnuCH • Biotest Pharma GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany C. A. DINARELLO • Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts J. DJEu • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida R. DoNAHUE • Genetics Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts S. K. DOWER • lmmunex Corp., Seattle, Washington G. W. DuFF • Northern General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh,

United Kingdom D. DUMONDE • Department of Immunology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, Eng-

land S. K. DuRUM • National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland M. Dv • Hospital Necker, Paris, France A. DvORAK • Newton Center, Massachusetts P. ELSAS • CIML, Inserm-CNRS, Marseilles,France M. EMARA • Fairview Park, Ohio Y. ENDO • Molecular lmmunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, Frederick,

Maryland S. ENDRES • New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts D. L. ENNIST • Laboratory of Microbial Immunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda,

Maryland T. W. ESDERS • Life Sciences Research Division Eastman Kodak, Rochester, New

York W. FALK • Institute of Immunology and Genetics, German Cancer Research Center,

Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany J. FARRAR • Biological Research, Hoffmann La Roche, Nutley, New Jersey W. L. FARRAR • Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, NCI, FeRF, Freder­

ick, Maryland

xviii Participants

A. FAUCI • NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland T. L. FELDBUSH • University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa M. FELDMANN • The Charing Cross Sunley Research Centre, London, England M. J. FENTON • Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts R. FERNANDEZ-BOTRAN • Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health

Sciences Center, Dallas, Texas J. FINKE • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio C. FIocQ{[ • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio H. D. FLAD • Forschungistitut Borstel, Borstel, Federal Republic of Germany F. FLoc'H • Rhone-Poulenc Sante, Centre de Recherches de Vitry, Cedex, France A. FONG • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California M. FORESMAN • Department of Microbiology, St. Louis University School of

Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri G. FORNI • Istituto Di Microbiologia, Torino, Italy D. FRADELIZl • Institut Gustave Roussy, Rue Camille, Desmoulins, Cedex, France T. FRANcus • Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New

York, New York K. FRE! • Section of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzer­

land J. M. FREIRE-MOAR • Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey C. SoNDERMANN FREITAS • Instituto Nacional De Cancer, Praca Cruz Vermelha, Rio

De Janeiro, Brasil R. C. FUHLBRIGGE • Department of Pathology, Washington University School of

Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri J. M. GARLAND • Department of Immunology, Manchester Medical School, Man-

chester, United Kingdom A. GEARING • Immunobiology, NIBSC, London, England J. GEIGERT • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California P. GHIARA • Sclavo Research Centre, Immunopharmacology, Siena, Italy F. DI GIOVINE • Nothern General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh,

United Kingdom J. G. GIRl • E. 1. DuPont de Nemours, Glenolden, Pennsylvania A. L. GLASEBROOK • Lilly Research Laboratories, La Jolla, California H. P. GODFREY • Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla,

New York E. M. GooDElL • Bassett Institute for Medical Research, Cooperstown, New York J. E. GOOTENBERG • Division of Pediatric Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center,

Washington, DC M. GOTO • Department of Pediatrics, Loyola University Medical Research,

Maywood, Illinois K. GRABSTEIN • Immunex Corp., Seattle, Washington R. GRASSO • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida w. C. GREENE • Metabolism Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland

Participants XIX

I. GREEN • NIH, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland S. A. GREGORY • Dqx4rtment of Immunology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic,

La Jolla, California L. GRUN • Institut fur Experimentalle Dermatologie, Munster, Federal Republic of

Germany P. DEL GUEROO • Medical Biology Institute, La Jolla, California E. C. GUINAN • Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts C. GUMBS • College of Medicine, University of Southern Florida, Tampa, Florida G. GURKA· Allergy, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts M. HAAK-FRENDSCHO • Division of Allergy, Department of Medicine, SUNY,

Stony Brook, New York G. S. HABICHf • Department of Pathology, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York J. W. HADDEN • Immunopharmacology, University of Southern Florida, College of

Medicine, Tampa, Florida H. H. HAGI'MEIER • Universitat Hautklinik, Munster, West Germany H. HAGIWARA • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California M. HALMANN • Department of Biochemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Re­

search, Ness-Ziona, Israel J. HAMURO • The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,

Pennsylvania A. HAREL-BELLAN • BRMP, NCI, FCRF, Frederick, Maryland R. HAYES • Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Medical Center,

New York, New York C. HEALY • Ciba Geigy Corp., Summit, New Jersey C. S. HENNEY • Immunex Corp., Seattle, Washington R. HELLER • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida T. HERRMANN • Immunologische Forschungesinheit, Freie Universitat Berlin,

Berlin, West Germany R. B. HERBERMAN • Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania H. HERZBECK • Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Borstel, Borstel, Germany V. HERZBERG • Dartmouth Medical School, Immunology Research, Hanover, New

Hampshire M. V. HOBBS • Department of Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Founda­

tion, La Jolla, California H. HOLTMANN • Department of Virology, The Weizmann Institute of Science,

Rehovot, Israel T. P. Hopp • Immunex Corp., Seattle, Washington R. HORUK • E.1. DuPont, Glenolden, Pennsylvania M. HOWARD • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California M. HULEIHEL • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ben Gurion Univer­

sity of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel P. HUNT • Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California M. HURME • Department Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki,

Helsinki, Finland

xx Participants

J. N. ME • NCI-FCRF, Frederick, Maryland T. lKEJIMA • Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, New

England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts S. lP • Cambridge, Massachusetts Y. lRIE • Rockville, Maryland N. IsAKOV • Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California K. IsHIZAKA • Department of Immunology and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins

University, Good Samaritan Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland Y. JACQUES • Faculte de Medicine, Unite Inserm, Nantes, France S. JADIDI • Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri D. JANKOVIC • Patseur Institute, Department of Immunology, Paris, France A. P. JARVIS JR.,· Damon Biotech, Inc., Needham Hts., Massachusetts J. C. JENSON • Triton Biosciences, Alameda, California H. M. JOHNSON • University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida K. JOHNSON • Dartmouth Medical School, Immunology Research, Hanover, New

Hampshire M. JOYNES-SMITIl • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa,

Florida R. KURRLE • Behringwerke AG, Marburg/Lahn, West Germany R. KAEMPFER • The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel P. KAroo • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida R. KwrOR • NCI, FCRF, PRI, Frederick, Maryland J. A. KAPP • Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, Department of Pathology, St. Louis,

Missouri T. KASAHARA • Department of Medical Biology and Parasitology, Jichi Medical

School, Tochigi-ken, Japan S. KASAKURA • Chuo Kensa-Bu, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan H. KASHIWA • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of

Medicine, Los Angeles, California Y. KAWAKAMI • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of

Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida J. R. KELLER • Lymphokine Section, BRMP, FCRF, Frederick, Maryland M. M. KELLEY· E. I. Du Pont, Glenolden, Pennsylvania P. L. KILIAN • Immunopharmacology, Hoffmann LaRoche, Nutley, New Jersey E. S. KIMBALL • McNeil Pharmaceutical, Spring House, Pennsylvania T. KISHIMOTO • Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,

Suita City, Osaka, Japan T. W. KLEIN • Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern

Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida E. S. KLEINERMAN • Department of Cell Biology, Houston, Texas J. KLOSTERGAARD • Department of Tumor Biology, M. D. Anderson Hospital,

Houston, Texas Y. KOBAYASHI • LMI, FCRF, Frederick, Maryland

Participants xxi

D. KOBILER • Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona, Israel A. KOCK • Department of Dermatology II, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria P. KOEPPEL • Robapharm Ltd., Basel, Switzerland W. C. KOFF • NIH, Bethesda, Maryland N. KONNIKOV • Brookline, Massachusetts R. S. KORNBLum • La Jolla, California K. Korns • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, Califonia E. J. KOVACS • Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, NCI, FCRF, Frederick,

Maryland P. KOVACS • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida P. H. KRAMMER • Institute of Immunology and Genetics, German Cancer Research

Center, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany F. C. KULL • Wellcome Research LAbs., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina R. KUNTZMAN • Hoffmann LARoche Inc., Nutley, New Jersey L. M. Kuo • DuPont Co., Glenolden, Pennsylvania L. B. Lachman • Department of Cell Biology, M. D. Anderson Hospital, Houston,

Texas M. B. LADNER • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California J. C. LEE • Department of Immunology, Smith Kline and French LAbs., Swedeland,

Pennsylvania W. J. LEONARD • NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland W. LERNHARDT • La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, La Jolla, California K. H. LEUNG • DuPont, Glenolden, Pennsylvania D. LEVIN • Department of Immunology, Medical School, Technion, Haifa, Israel W. LEW • LMI, FCRF, NCI, Frederick, Maryland 1. C. LEWIS • Cleveland, Ohio C. M. LIANG • Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts T. J. LINNA • E. I. DuPont, Glenolden, Pennsylvania R. LISSNER • Biotest Pharma GMBH, Frankfurt Main, Federal Republic of Germany R. J. Lo • Cistron Biotechnology, Pine Brook, New Jersey S. A. LoNDON • Englewood, Ohio S. LoNGACRE • Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France G. LoNNEMANN • Quincy, Massachusetts A. F. LoPEZ • Division of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary

Science, Adelaide, So. Australia M. LoPEZ-CEPERO • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa,

Florida H. LoPPONOW • Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Federal Republic of Germany G. LoPRESTE • Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts B. E. LoUGHMAN • G. D. Searle, St. Louis, Missouri P. T. LoMEDICO • Department of Molecular Genetics, Hoffmann LaRoche, Nutley,

New Jersey T. A. LUGER • Department of Dermatology II, University of Vienna, Vienna,

Austria

xxii Participants

D. MACCUBBIN • Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York J. M. MAcSWEEN • Camp Hill Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada D. MANNEL • Institute for Immunology and Genetics, German Cancer Research

Center, West Germany C. R. MANTEL • Emmitsburg, Maryland D. MARK • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California G. A. MARrIN • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California D. S. MASTERS • Genzyme Corp., Boston, Massachusetts A. MASUDA • Frederick, Maryland T. MASUDA • Institute for Immunology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan D. S. MATI-IffiON • University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada K. MATSUSHIMA • lAboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, BRMP, NCI,

Frederick, Maryland P. MAYER • Sandoz Research Institute, Vienna, Austria N. McCAR1NEy-FRANCIS • LMI, NIDR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland C. S. McCUNE • Rochester, New York B. McDONALD • Allergy Department, Tufts University at New England Medical

Center, Boston, Massachusetts J. E. McENfIRE • Cancer Research Center, Columbia, Missouri J. McGOWAN • NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland M. 1. MELLI. lAboratory of Molecular Biology, Sclavo Research Centre, Siena,

Italy M. MELTZER • WRAIR, WRAMC, Washington, DC S. E. MERGENHAGEN • National Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland V. J. MERLUZZl • Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, Connecticut J. MEsrAN • German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, West Germany E. MIOIELS • University of Hautklinik, Dept. of Experimental Dermatology,

Munster, West Germany J. W. MER • Brookline, Massachusetts 1. C. MILLER • St. Paul, Minnesota M. MINAMI • Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massa­

chusetts S. MIYATAKE • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California S. B. MIza· Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bowman Gray School

of Medicine, Wake Forest Univesity,Winston-Salem, North Carolina D. MOCHIZUKE • Immunex, Seattle, Corp., Washington H. MOHR • DRK-Blutspendedienst Niedersachsen, Federal Republic of Germany A. MOLLER • BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, West Germany N. P. HUNDAHL MOLLER • lAboratory of Genetics, Novo Research Institute,

Bagsvaerd, Denmark D. MONNER • GBF, Federal Republic of Germany E. 1. MORGAN • Department of Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foun­

dation, lA Jolla, California

Participants

S. MORRA • St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri T. MOSMANN • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California K. MOTOYOSHI • Institute of Hematology, Jichi Medical School, Japan A. MOUZAKI • Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany

xxiii

N. MUKAIDA • Department of Clinical Pathology, Jichi Medical School, Japan C. MUNOZ • Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, New

England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts C. A. NACY· Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Department of Immunology,

Washington, DC M. NAGAMUfA • Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan V. NAGENDRAN • St. Thomas's Hospital, Department of Immunology, London,

England C. NAGY • Hoffmann LaRoche, Nutley, New Jersey V. NATALIO • ELF Biorecherches Labege, Innopole D. S. NEBLOCK • Cistron Biotechnology, Pine Brook, New Jersey R. NEfA • Department of Experimental Hematology, Armed Forces RadioBiology

Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland J. NICHOLS • Seragen, Inc, Hopkinton, Massachusetts R. C. NICKANDER • Lilly Research Labs., Indianapolis, Indiana R. NORDAN • Laboratory of Genetics, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland B. NORRIS • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida R. NUMEROF • Tufts University at New England Medical Center, Boston, Massa-

chusetts K. ODINK • Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Basel, Switzerland R. K. OLDHAM • Biological Therapy Institute, Franklin, Tennessee J. J. OPPENHEIM • BRMP, FCRF, NCI, Frederick, Maryland S. F. ORENCOLE • Boston, Massachusetts J. R. ORTALDO • Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, NCI, FCRF, Frederick,

Maryland R. PADMANABHAN • Department of NHcrobiology and Immunology, University of

Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida V. PAIITKAU • Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton,

Alberta, Canada K. PAGANELLI • Department of Immunopharmacology, Hoffmann LaRoche Inc.,

Nutley, New Jersey E. W. PALASZYNSKI • Department of Biochemistry, Washington, DC M. A. PALLADINO • Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California B. W. PAPERMASTER • Cancer Research Center, Columbia, Missouri S. P APERMASTER • Columbia, Missouri R. PECK • Hoffmann LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland W. A. PECK • Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, Department of Medicine, St. Louis,

Missouri C. B. PETTINELLI • NIH, NIAID, AIDS Program, Bethesda, Maryland

xxiv Participants

K. M. PEZZELLA • DuPont, Glenolden, Pennsylvania C. W. PIERCE • Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, Department of Pathology, St. Louis,

Missouri J. PLATE • Rush Medical College, Section of Medical Oncology, Chicago, Illinois D. H. PLUZNIK • NIDR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland S. POOLE • NIBSC, London, England B. L. POPE • Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of

Medicine, University of Southern Florida, Tampa, Florida E. G. POSILLICO • Genzyme, Boston, Massachusetts D. C. POWERS • Baltimore, Maryland M. S. PuLLEY • St. Thomas's Hospital, Department of Immunology, London,

England D. RADZlOCH • Molecular Immunoregulation, NIH, NCI, FCRF, Frederick, Mary-

land R. RAGSDALE. University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida P. RALPH • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California J. RANSOM • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California H. G. REMOLD • Seeley G. Mudd Bldg., Boston, Harvard Medical School, Massa­

chusetts R. D. REYNOLDS • Ellis Fischel State Cancer Center, Columbia, Missouri C. RICCARDI • Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Perugia,

Perugia, Italy R. R. RICH • Baylor College of Medicine, Immunology Section, Houston, Texas S. S. RICH • Baylor College of Medicine, Immunology Section, Houston, Texas A. RICHARD • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida L. R1FAS • Department of Medicine, Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, St. Louis,

Missouri L. R:!MsKY • Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Institut Gustave Roussy, Cedex France R. J. ROBB • DuPont, Glenolden, Pennsylvania R. ROCKLIN • Allergy Division, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachu­

setts M. L. RODRICK • Department of Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston,

Massachusetts L. J. ROSENWASSER • Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Tufts

University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts J. L. ROSSIO • PRJ, NCI, FCRF, Frederick, Maryland F. W. RusCETI1 • Rockville, Maryland C. M. RUSK • DuPont, Glenolden, Pennsylvania T. SAIJo • Tufts New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts S. B. SALVIN • Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania A. SANfONI • Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome, Italy D. SAUDER • McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Participants

T. SAYERS • PRJ, Frederick, Maryland D. SAYER • The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel G. ScALA • University of Naples, Italy

xxv

P. ScHEURICH • Clinical Research Group, Medical Clinic of the University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany

J. A. 5cHMIur • Department of Experimental Immunobiology, Wellcome Research lJlboratories, Beckenham, Kent, United Kingdom

A. 5CHrMPL • Institute of Virology and Immunology, Wurzburg, Federal Republic of Germany

H.5cHMm • DRK-Blutspendedienst Niedersachsen, Institut Springe Eldagsener Strape, Federal Republic of Germany

J. ScHRADER • Biomedical Research Center, University of British Columbia, Van­couver, British Columbia, Canada

H. W. 5cHNAPER • Department of Pathology, Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri

W. SCHOlZ • Scripps Clinic and Resarch Foundation, lJl Jolla, California T. SrnwARZ • Department of Dermatology II, University of Vienna, Laboratory for

Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria U.5cHwuLERA • Biotest-Pharma GmbH, Offenbach, West Germany P. SECKINGER • Department d'Immunologie, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire de

Geneve, Geneve, Switzerland F. SEILER • Behringwerke AG, Marburg/lJlhn, West Germany D. SERSBOUSEK • University of Southern Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa,

Florida P. SHADLE • Cetus Corp., Emeryville, California M. F. SHANNON • Division of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical Veterinary

Science, Adelaide, South Australia M. SHARON • NIH, Bethesda, Maryland A. R. SHAW • Biogen S. A., Geneva, Switzerland J. E. SHAW • Landenberg, Pennsylvania T. SHER. Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel J. SIEKIERKA • Immunology Research, Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Labs.,

Rahway, New Jersey N. H. SIGEL • Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Labs., Rahway, New Jersey M. SIGEL • Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of South Caro­

lina, School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina D. S. SILBERTSTEIN • Seeley G. Mudd Bldg., Boston, Massachusetts M. M. SIMIC • Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine,

University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia J. E. SMART • Hoffmann LaRoche, Nutley, New Jersey K. SMITH • Dartmouth Medical School, Department of Medicine, Hanover, New

Hampshire C. SoRG • Abteilung fUr Experimentelle Dermatologie, Munster, Federal Republic

of Germany

xxvi Participants

M. C. SPARKS • Frederick, Maryland B. M. STADLER • Institut fur Klinische Immunologie, University of Bern, Bern,

Switzerland J. STERN • Immunology Research, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New

Hampshire T. B. STROM • Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel

Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts A. J. A. SULTAN • School of Medicine and Dentistry, King's College London,

London, England C. SurrON • Cell Tech Ltd., Berkshire, England S. L. SWAIN • Department of Biology, University of California-San Diego, LA Jolla,

California J. SWIERKOSZ • Department of Microbiology, St. Louis University School of Medi-

cine, St. Louis, Missouri J. E. TALMADGE • Preclinical Screening LAb., NCI-FCRF, Frederick, Maryland L. TAKACS • Frederick, Maryland Y. T AKEBE • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California M. TANIGUCHI • Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Chiba University,

Chiba, Japan T . T ANIGUCI-H • Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,

Suitashi, Osaka, Japan L. T ARCSA Y • Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Basel, Switzerland J. TAVERNlER • Biogent, Gent, Belgium K. TESHJGAWARA • Dartmouth Medical School, Immunology Research, Hanover,

New Hampshire D. TFSfA • Interferon Sciences, Inc., New Brunswick, New Jersey J. THEZE • Pasteur Institute, Department of Immunology, Paris, France M. L. THOMAN • Department of Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research

Foundation, LA Jolla, California R. THORPE • Division of Immunobiology, NIBSC, London, United Kingdom A. THRUN • Clinical Research Department, BiotestPharma GmbH, Frankfurt,

Federal Republic of Germany G. TODARO • Oncogen, Seattle, Washington A. TOGAWA • National Medical Hospital, Tokyo, Japan D. E. TRACEY • Hypersensitivity Diseases Research, The Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo,

Michigan A. J. TREVES • Department of Radiation Therapy and Clinical Oncology, Hadassah

University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel A. UCHIDA • Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan T. UEDil • Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical College, Sapporo, Japan J. C. ULCHAKER • Cleveland, Ohio A. J. ULMER • Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Borstel, West Germany E. UNANUE • Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medi­

cine, St. Louis, Missouri

Participants xxvii

A. URBANSKA • Department of Dermatology II, University of Vienna, Laboratory for Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria

C. UYITENHOVE • Ludwig Institute for Cancer Resemch, Brussels, Belgium J. V AN SNICK • Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium J. V AN DAMME • K. U. Leuven, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium L. V ARFSIO • NCI-FCRF, Frederick, Maryland H. VAN DEN BERG • Organon Int., The Netherlands M. VERMEULEN • Seeley G. Mudd Bldg., Boston, Massachusetts H. VLASSARA • The Rockefeller University, New York, New York H. E. DEVRIES • UNICET, Dardilly, France F. F. W. WAGNER • Technical University, Munich, West Germany L. WAGNER-Roos • Institut fur Mikrobiologie II, Arbeitsbereich Immunologie,

Tubingen, Germany H. W AKASUGI • Institut Gustave-Roussy, Rue Camille Desmoulins, Villeuif Cedex,

France B. WAKSMAN· National Sclerosis Society, New York, New York E. WALKER • Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,

Indianapolis, Indiana D. W ALLAGI • Department of Virology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot,

Israel A. W ALZ • Theodor Kocher Institut, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland H. M. (AMy) WANG • Dartmouth Medical School, Immunology Research, Ha-

nover, New Hampshire S. J. WARNER· Human Nutrition Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts R. J. WARRINGTON • Rheumatic Disease Unit, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada W. N. WASHBURN • Life Sciences Research Division, Eastman Kodak, Rochester,

New York C. WATERS • Seragen, Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts A. C. WEBB • Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley,

Massachusetts D. WEBB • Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey W. Y. WEISER • Seeley G. Mudd Bldg., Boston, Massachusetts R. 1. WESSELSGIMIDT • Department of Pathology, Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, St.

Louis, Missouri W. H. WFSf • Memphis, Tennessee D. WESTMACOTI • Roche Products Limited, Hertfordshire, England E. F. WHEELOCK • Department of Pathology, Hahnemann University, Philadelphia,

Pennsylvania E. WHITCOMB • New England Medical Center, Department of Geographic Medi­

cine, Boston, massachusetts P. E. WHITELEY • Department of Pathology, Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, St. Louis,

Missouri M. WIRANOWSKA • Lutz, Florida

xxviii Participants

E. WOLlMAN • Laboratoire D'Immunologie, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Cedex, France

S. C. WRIGm • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medidne, Los Angeles, California

M. YAGITA • Department of Tumor Biology, M. D. Anderson Hospital, Houston, Texas

M. YAMADA • Research lilbs., Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Suita/Osaka Japan

J. YAMAGISI-H • Research Labs, Dainippon Pharmaceutiml Co., Ltd., Suita/Osaka, Japan

Y . YAMAMOTO • Department of Mediml Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern Florida, Tampa, Florida

y. C. YANG • Genetics Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts L. 1. YANTO • Hopital Paul Brousse, Villeuif, France T. YOKOTA • DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California T. YOSI-HDA • Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan H. YOUNG • John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australia 1. G. YOUNG • John Curtin School of Mediml Research, Canberra, Australia P. R. YOUNG • Department of Molecular Genetics, Smith Kline and French Labs.,

Swedeland, Pennsylvania I. YRON • Microbiology Department, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel G. ZENKE • Sandoz Ltd., Precliniml Research, Basel, Switzerland 1. ZIEGLER • Institut fUr Experimental Hiimatologie der GSF, Munchen, Germany G. ZWADLO • University Hautklinik, Department of Experimental Dermatology,

Munster, West Germany