Molds: Structures, Types, and Importance to Us
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Transcript of Molds: Structures, Types, and Importance to Us
Molds: Structures, Types, and Importance to Us
By: Rohan RajeevPeriod 4-AP BiologyJanuary 26th,2009
Mold from the phylum Zygomycota.
Structure of Molds
Molds are very simple structures. Molds have a hard outer casing that sticks to wet surfaces, and after 24 hours, a single root sort of structure that is called a hypha emerges. These structure multiply and start to digest metals or minerals around them to feed the mold and grow. Molds grow best in wet and dark spaces. And on cheese, bread, and other edibles.
Mold structures.
Hyphae from mold spores
Types of molds:
There are over 400,000 identified molds, but they are classified into three different categories:
Allergenic molds-molds that usually affect people who have allergies.
Pathogenic molds-molds that produce infections, and can be life threatening to people with suppressed immune systems.
Toxogenic molds-molds that are toxic to almost everyone, health concerns are caused by myotoxins being released.
Importance of Molds-Pros
Molds are often thought of as bad and nasty, but they are better for humans than they are destructive.
Molds play a large part in the formation of antibiotics. The drug penicillin was formed using molds, and many more today are being developed.
Penecillium mold.
Importance of Molds-Cons
Molds are a cause for many deaths that can be easily prevented in the United States.
Molds are usually responsible for the following conditions in humans when exposed:
Immune system suppression Respiratory problems including asthma and infections Eye irritation with burning, watery or reddened eyes Cough – dry and hacking Nose or throat irritation or both Skin rashes or irritation Memory impairment Irritable bowel syndrome Body aches and pain (Chronic Fatigue) Food Intolerances and allergies Headaches Mood swings Nasal and sinus congestion
Video clips of molds.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXcLVjHLl_o
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FXuRcEeKZOg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zll95wPaZ8o&feature=related
Time for Review!
What conditions are ideal for mold to grow in? What structures grow from the mold spore and
get minerals for the mold spore? What kind of mold triggers infections in people
with suppressed immune systems? What kind of mold was used to make Penicillin? Name the toxin that is excreted from Toxogenic
molds. Name two symptoms that are shown with
exposure to molds. Bonus: Who invented Penicillin?