Module on Adverbs Module on Adverbs ending in - lyending in - ly

DRA. JEAN RODRIGUEZ PAZODRA. JEAN RODRIGUEZ PAZOSubject: Basic English Subject: Basic English

Area: GrammarArea: Grammar

Interamerican UniversityGuayama Campus

Proyecto Titulo V CooperativoImproving Academic Outcomes Through a

Technology-Based Consortium Program for the Core Curriculum

OBJECTIVES:

Through the study of this Module on Adverbs ending in –ly, students will be able to :

define adverbs and adjectives recognize adverbs and adjectives in

sentencesunderstand the function of adverbs and

adjectives in sentencesapply the use of adverbs ending in -ly in sentences correctly

Overview: Students will reinforce their knowledge of adverbs ending in – ly applying all levels of critical thinking.

FOCUS QUESTIONS:♣ What is an adverb?♣ What is an adjective?♣ What are the functions of adjectives and adverbs in sentences?♣ How and when are adverbs in – ly used?

Time- frame: You may work at your own pace.Resources: Examples, rules, grammatical frames, picture boxesAssessment: Pre-and Post- testsCriteria of Evaluation: Students must achieve 72% or more for mastery level.Instructional Activities: Skill- building exercises.Creative and Empowerment Section: You may go to other links and do further exercises.

Dear students, Welcome to the Module on Adverbs ending in - ly.

This Module has been designed to help you improve your knowledge on modifiers – adjectives and adverbs. These are the words that give color and give the reader and listener a more vivid image of what you are talking about. Without these words sentences would be dull and boring. The Module will guide you through different skill-building activities that will reinforce your knowledge and skills.

You should read and study the rules carefully to understand the uses of adverbs ending in – ly. It is important for you to do the exercises to practice the skill. The more you practice, the more you will learn.

This is the perfect time to learn more about adverbs ending in – ly.

Pre- Test

Part I: Read the following sentences and write the correct form of the adverb. Be sure to apply spelling rules where they apply.

1. Maria answered the question( intelligent).2. The dog ( smart) hid its bone.3. Pedro was so much in love that he smiled (stupid) at

Miss United States.4. They demonstrated they didn’t care, so they

smiled( smug).5. The delinquent killed the old man (senseless).6. Lillian (busy) typed the memo.7. The drunkard danced ( crazy) in the pub.8. Jose slept ( lazy) after a three day hike.9. The kids( sneaky) took the baked cookies.10. Janina ( angry) took her belongings and left.

Part II. Find the adjective in the sentence and fill the gap with its adverb.1. Paul is sad. He smiled____.2. The old lady is loud. She shouts ___.3. His French is fluent. He speaks French ___.4. My aunt was quiet. She spoke to us ___.5. My friend is careless. He paints ____.6. The singer is awful. He sings opera ___.7. The research is simple. It __ talks about AIDS in

Puerto Rico.8. Ana is a wonderful cook. She cooks ____.9. Stephanie is an excellent ballerina. She dances

really ___.10. The ant was quick. It ___ took the food to its

habitat.

Part III. Look at the following words and choose their correct spelling.

1. truea. truly b. trulie c. truly

2. happya. happyly b. happiely c. happily

3. friendlya. friendly b. friendily c. friendily

4. slowa. slowili b. slowly c. slowiely

5. prettya. prettily b. prettiely c. prettyly

Introduction

An adverb is a word that tells us more about verbs. Many adverbs tell us how something is done. When answering the question “ how”, adverbs are usually created from adjectives with an added – ly ending. ( quick- quickly). This is the commonest way to use adverbs. However, there are various exceptions:

Introduction1. Adjectives ending in – ly:These may have the same form as the adverb.Example: She was a kindly and reasonable old lady.The group went for a leisurely walk in the gardens.

Introduction1. Adjectives ending in – ly:

They may require an adverbial phrase:Example: John was a very friendly child, he always treated

everyone in a friendly manner.

They may not have a direct adverbial equivalent.Example: She is a likely political candidate.

Introduction 2. Adjectives which have the same form

as adverbs:Example: Mr. George woke up early, and

caught the early train.

Jeannie drove fast on the fast lane.

Introduction

3. Adjectives which have the same form as adverbs, but also have a – ly adverb with a different use:

Example: The thief looked deeply into the manager’s eyes, and he was deeply ashamed.

The Royal Order of Adverbs:

Verb Manner Place Frequency Time Purpose

Beth swims

enthusiastically in the pool

every morning

before dawn

to kees in shape.

Dad walks

habitually to town every afternoon

before supper

to get a newspaper.

Adjectives and adverbs

Adjectives modify nouns.

A beautiful day An interesting ideaAdverbs modify verbs by telling us how we do something.

She works quietly. They write clearly.Many adverbs are formed by adding ly to the adjective.

easy - easily careful – carefully nice - nicely

A few words, like fast, hard, late and low, take the same form as both adjectives and adverbs.

It was a late movie. I stayed out late.She had a hard time. She studied hard.

Forming adverbs from adjectives

Many adverbs are formed by simply adding –ly to an adjective:

Adjective Adverb

beautiful beautifully

careless carelessly

cautious cautiously

courteous courteously

joyous joyously

quick quickly

Forming adverbs from adjectives

If an adjective ends in –y if often changed to i before the –ly is added:

Adjective Adverb

angry angrily

easy easily

guilty guiltily

happy happily

hasty hastily

shabby shabbily

Forming adverbs from adjectives

If an adjective ends in –le, the –le is dropped before –ly is added:

Adjective Adverb

capable capably

comfortable comfortably

miserable miserably

simple simply

In general: adjective + -ly

adjective example

slow slowly

Exceptions in spelling

exception exampleSilent ‘e’ is dropped in true, due, whole true → truly

y becomes i happy → happily

le after a consonant is dropped sensible → sensibly

After ll only add y full → fully

Rules

Adjectives ending in –ic: adjective + -ally (exception: public- publicy)

adjective adverb

fantastic fantasticallyAdjectives ending in –ly: use ‘in a … way / manner’ or

another adverb with similar meaning

adjective adverb

friendly in a friendly wayin a friendly manner

likely probably

Rules

ExceptionsAdjective

Adverb (meaning)

Adverb (meaning)

good well

difficult with difficulty

public publicy

deep deep (place) deeply (feeling)

direct direct directly (=soon)

hard hard hardly (=seldom)

high high (place) highly (figurative)

late late lately (=recently)

most most mostly (=usually)

near near nearly (=almost)

pretty pretty (=rather) prettily

short short shortly (=soon)

The following adjectives are also used as adverbs (without moficication)

daily, enough, nearly, far, fast, hourly, little, long, low, monthly, much, straight, weekly,

yearly …

ACTIVITY IRead the sentences carefully and apply the rules.1. Paula is a patient teacher. She listens ____.2. Santa Claus is merry. He laughs______.3. Lucas is rapid. He answered the test _____.4. Ben is organized and quick. He ____ finished the task.5. Gladys has clear pronunciation. She talks _____.6. The Senator is well- liked. People talk of him. ( high)7. Barbara dances____. ( graceful).8. My boss greeted the visitors _____. (polite)9. This has to be done ___ ( regular).10. She _______ showed us her trophy. ( happy).11. He is a good coordinator. He does it _______.12. The child ____ took the toys. ( relentless)13. The organization ___ prepared its activity. ( excited)14. The members ____ welcomed the tourists. ( kindly)15. The Boy Scouts ____ completed the kite. (enthusiastic).

ACTIVITY IIWrite the correct form in the blank.1. Jack plays the piano ________. (beautiful)2. Mrs. Cordero speaks very ____. (soft)3. Mara won the race _____. ( easy)4. I see him at the Casino ____. (frequent)5. 5. She acted ____. ( greedy)6. That cave is dangerous. Walk ____ (cautious).7. He stole the cookies. He acted____ (guilty).8. She was late. She drove ____ ( hasty).9. They were poor. They dressed ___ (shabby).10. Someone ____ killed the dog. ( miserable)

POST - TESTI. Read the sentences and complete them:1. Andrea answered the questions_____.(honest)2. John walked to the store very ___. ( slow)3. _______, my sister ruined my dress. (thoughtless)4. ___ the rangers approached the bear. (cautious)5. Paul ___ answered the interview. ( foolish)6. The new secretary works ___. (careless)7. Joe ____ gave a donation. ( generous)8. The feverish man ____ watched his girlfriend.

( jealous)9. Mary apologized ____. ( sincere)10. The dog ____ hid the bone. ( playful)

II. Read the corresponding words and change them to adverbs taking the rules into consideration.

1. brave

2. competent

3. good

4. bitter

5. angry

6. easy

7. happy

8. simple

9. capable

10. comfortable

11. hasty

12. nice

13. clean

14. dirty

15. rapid

CHALLENGE

I. Demonstrate that you can change these adjectives to adverbs. Remember the rules.1. angry2. happy3. heavy4. noisy5. steady6. clumsy7. cheek

Part II. Let’s continue with the challenge. Read and choose the best alternative.

1. If you always drive ___ you are sure to have an accident.

a. recklessly b. reckless2. Pablo ate his dinner ___.

a. quick b. quickly3. He’ s an awful driver. He never stops ______.

a. smoothly b. smooth4. This case ‘s evidence has been___affected.

a. serious b. seriously5. Mr. Mom and Mrs. Mom squealed at each other

___.a. furious b. furiously

Show the Answers: Remember that you must score 72%, or 18 items correct. If you do not score 72%, please go back, review and do the tests and activities again.

Pre-test

Part I

1. intelligently

2. smartly

3. stupidly

4. smuggly

5. senselessly

6. busily

7. crazily

8. lazily

9. sneakily

10. angrily

Part II

1. sadly

2. loudly

3. fluently

4. quietly

5. carelessly

6. awfully

7. simply

8. wonderfully

9. well

10. quickly

Part III

1. c

2. c

3. a

4. b

5. a

Show the Answers: Remember that you must score 72%, or 18 items correct. If you do not score 72%, please go back, review and do the tests and activities again.

Activity

Activity 1

1. patiently

2. merrily

3. rapidly

4. quickly

5. clearly

6. highly

7. gracefully

8. politely

9. regularly

10. happilu

Activity 1

11. well

12. relentlessly

13. exitedly

14. kindly

15. enthusiastically

Activity 2

1. beautifully

2. softly

3. easily

4. frequently

5. greedily

6. cautiously

7. guiltily

8. hastily

9. stabbily

10. misarebly

Show the Answers: Remember that you must score 72%, or 18 items correct. If you do not score 72%, please go back, review and do the tests and activities again.

Post-test

Part I

1. honestly

2. slowly

3. thoughtlessly

4. cautiously

5. foolishly

6. carelessly

7. generously

8. jealously

9. sincerely

10. playfully

Part II

1. bravely

2. competently

3. well

4. bitterly

5. angrily

6. easily

7. happily

8. simply

9. capably

10. comfortably

Show the Answers: Remember that you must score 72%, or 18 items correct. If you do not score 72%, please go back, review and do the tests and activities again.

Challenge

Part I

1. angrily

2. happily

3. heavily

4. noisily

5. steadlily

6. clumsily

7. checkily

Part II

1. a

2. b

3. a

4. b

5. b

Part III

1. a

2. c

3. a

4. b

5. a

REFERENCES

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/

adverbien4.htm

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/

adverbien4.htm