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English 1

Quarter 3: Poetry

Module 1: Features, Bases, Sources and Topic Structures of Ancient

Filipino Poetry

At this phase, your background knowledge, readiness and competency on the prerequisite skills to the tasks at hand will be checked and evaluated. It is expected that at the end of the lesson you will be able to perform a rap rendition of a well-selected Filipino poem which will be assessed based on the following criteria: focus/theme, voice, delivery, fluency, flow and rhythm, musical quality and originality. Are you all set?

Activity 1 Look at the pictures below and identify the Filipino custom and tradition each

of them depicts.

1. __________________________ Source: http://www.tripsandtips.info.people/

2. _________________________ Source: http://pinoylife.jp/news/detail.php?news_seq5808

EXPLORE Your Understanding

Understanding

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3. __________________________ Source: http://madlyconfused.tumblr.com/page/2

4. _________________________ Source: http://www.demotix.com/photo/290685/filipino-customs-and- traditions-during-holy-week

5. ________________________ Source:http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/modules_in_Tagalog/mga_katangian_ng_Pilipinp_htm

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6. ________________________ Source: http://www.pinoyadventurista.com/2011/04/pinoyfestivsal-pahiyas-festival-in.html

7. ________________________ Source: http://s4.zetaboards.com/Igorot_Pride/topic/8348327/1/

8. ________________________ Source: http://Shotnroll.com/2010/04/penitensya-penance-holy-week-tradition-in-the-philippines

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9. __________________________ Source: http://www.axlppi.com/2010/12/simbang-gabi.html

10. __________________________ Source: http://easyoutsource.com/blog/philippine-holidays/

Activity 2

Read each line from songs and poems and tell the Filipino customs,

traditions, belief and ideals they show.

Magtanim ay Di Biro

Magtanim ay di biro

Maghapong nakayuko

Di naman makatayo

Di naman makaupo

Bisig ko'y namamanhid

Baywang ko'y nangangawit.

Binti ko'y namimintig

Sa pagkababad sa tubig.

Kay-pagkasawing-palad

Ng inianak sa hirap,

Ang bisig kung di iunat,

Di kumita ng pilak.

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Planting Rice Is Never Fun I

Planting (rice) is never fun, Bent from up 'till the set of sun.

Can not stand and cannot sit, cannot rest for a little bit.

Planting (rice) is no fun, Bent from up 'till the set of sun.

Can not stand and cannot sit, cannot rest for a little bit.

Come now, come now my fellow workers.

Let us do some stretching muscles,

Let us renew our strength,

For the work tomorrow.

II

My arms are numb

My waist is tired

My legs are aching

From staying long in the water.

III

Come now, come now

It is unfortunate to be born poor

If the muscles are not flexed,

we would not earn a living.

Answer: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

Aking Bituin My Star

O, ilaw, sa gabing malamig O, light, in the cold night

Wangis mo'y bituin sa langit. You’re like a star in the sky

O, tanglaw, sa gabing tahimik O, light, in the quiet night

Larawan mo, Neneng, Your picture, Neneng,

Nagbigay pasakit. Ay! Makes one hurt. Oh!

Gising at magbangon Awake and arise

Sa pagkagupiling from slumber

Sa pagkakatulog from your sleep

Na lubhang mahimbing. So deep

Buksan ang bintana Open your window

At ako'y dungawin and look out to me

Nang mapagtanto mo So that you may understand

Ang tunay kong pagdaing. My true lament.

Answer: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

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Activity 3 (Poetic Lines Or Not?) Check the lines that suggest poetry. Justify your answer. _________ 1. First, a poem must be magical, Reason: _________ Then musical, as the sea gull. _______________ It must be a brightness moving _______________ And hold a secret bird’s flowering. _________ 2. Long ago there lived a monkey and his Reason: _________

friend turtle. _______________ _______________

__________ 3. It must be slender as a bell. Reason: _________ And must hold fire as well. _______________ _______________ __________ 4. Even as the bough breaks Reason: _________ from the sheer weight of the song _______________ so does my heart break with love, _______________ so my river will flow to kiss the sea’s warm eternal breast, so will my islands poise their hills against the sun, __________ 5. Filipinos love to celebrate. Reason: _________ _______________ _______________ Activity 4 (EQ Discovery)

Rearrange the phrases to form the Essential Question. Write it on the space provided and answer it based on your background knowledge and past experiences.

ancient Filipino poetry

of local ideals reflect the

embodiment

and functions How does

Essential Question: __________________________________________________________? Answer: __________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

feelings, aspirations

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Activity 4 (K-W-L-S Chart) Complete the table with the necessary information. Write on the first column “K” everything you know about ancient Filipino poetry, on the second column “W” the things you want to know about it. Complete the “L” and “S” columns as you proceed with the lesson.

K (What you know)

W (What you want

to know)

L (What you learned)

S (Significance/Importance)

Are you done? Very good! Let us now advance to the next phase.

At present, you will discover the features, bases, sources and topic structures of ancient Philippine poetry. Here, you will crystallize/illustrate your knowledge and use basal adjectives in varied activities. You will also reflect, revise and rethink your understanding. After this you may go back to Activity 4 (K-W-L-S Chart) in the Explore Phase and list down the things that you have learned “L” and their significance/importance “S”.

Introduction The ideas explored in poems are related to what interests us in life. Ancient Philippine poetry depicts Filipino customs, traditions, beliefs, ideals and culture. It serves as a useful tool by which Filipinos express their feelings and aspirations in life. It has become the most effective vehicle in preserving Philippine culture, ideals and heritage. The sources, bases, features and topic structure contribute to attain meaning and uniqueness in ancient Filipino poem. Words in poetry are selected for their beauty, sound and power to express feelings.

FIRM UP Your Understanding

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Lesson 1: Recognizing Structure

Riddles let you have a peek at the richness of Philippine culture. They are

witty and puzzling questions in which the answers are mostly objects, animals and

fruits found in the Philippines. They are a form of poetry because they rhyme.

Riddles are used for entertainment, mental exercises and amusement. They

are used by Filipinos to while the time away and to show their talent. Filipino riddles

deal largely with animals, plants and objects of local character. They have been

passed from one generation to another and their origins can never be traced.

Proverbs like riddles were also popular among the Filipinos. They use

proverbs to express lessons in life which they must learn by heart. They are

statements which are loaded with meanings. Just like riddles they are also a form of

poetry.

Filipinos are music lovers by nature. Since ancient times, folksongs have been also used by Filipinos to express their aspirations, beliefs and ideals. They did tasks while humming tunes or singing. They sang for any reason. They sang when they’re happy. They sang when they’re sad. They sang when they’re inspired. They sang when they faced difficulties. They even sang during battles! Each riddle, proverb and folksong signifies worthwhile experiences our forefathers wanted to share with us. Activity 6

Below are samples of Tagalog riddles and their English translation. Give the answer to each of them and prove which aspect of life is used as the subject.

1. Isang balong malalim, punong-puno ng patalim.

A deep well that is full of chisels. Answer: ____________________ 2. Dalawang batong maitim, malayo ang dinarating. Two black stones that reach far. Answer: ____________________ 3. Dalawang balon, hindi malingon. Two wells, which you cannot turn to look at. Answer: ___________________

4. Naligo ang kapitan, hindi nabasa ang tiyan. The captain took a bath without his belly getting wet. Answer: ___________________ 5. Dalawa kong kahon, buksan walang ugong. My two boxes are opened without a sound. Answer: ___________________

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6. Limang puno ng niyog, isa'y matayog. Five coconut trees, one stands out. Answer: ____________________ 7. Aling ibon dito sa mundo ang lumilipad at sumususo ang anak? Which bird in this world flies yet its young suckles? Answer: ____________________ 8. Nang hatakin ko ang baging, nagkagulo ang mga matsing. When I tugged on the vine, the monkeys went crazy. Answer: ____________________ 9. Nariyan na si Ambo, dala-dala niya ay siya. Ambo is coming, carrying himself. Answer: ____________________ 10. Dahong pinagbungahan, bungang pinagdahunan. Leaves that bore fruit, fruit that bore leaves. Answer: ____________________ Activity 7

Here are samples of proverbs. Choose one and explain its impact in the past, its relevance at present and its significance in the future. Write your answers in your activity notebook. Tagalog proverb: Ang tunay na pag-anyaya, dinadamayan ng hila. English translation: A sincere invitation is augmented by a pull. Tagalog proverb: Bago mo sabihin at gawin, makapitong iisipin. English translation: Before you say and do, think about it seven times. Tagalog proverb: Kung di ukol, di bubukol. English translation: If it isn't related to the matter at hand, it's irrelevant. Tagalog proverb: Nasa Diyos ang awa, nasa tao ang gawa. English translation: God helps those who help themselves. Tagalog proverb: Kung walang tiyaga, walang nilaga. English translation: Without perseverance, there is no reward. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________ Activity 8

Match up fractured phrases of ancient Filipino poems. Choose the lines that strike you the most. Explain which aspect makes them meaningful, interesting and effective.

A Sweet little songs

Tunes so pure When lovers

I give them voice

B

Are timid and mute And full of love

I make them bold I make

Line/s that strike/s you the most

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________ Aspect/s that make/s them meaningful, interesting and effective ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2: Language Focus: Single-Word Adjectives

The clothes you wear, the people you know, and the place you live would be dull topics of conversation if you had no adjectives to describe them. Adjectives add life, color, and feeling to language. Understanding how adjectives work and how to use them effectively can make your use of language more precise and interesting. Adjectives are words that modify or describe nouns and pronouns. They tell the size, shape, quality/kind and color (descriptive adjectives). They may also limit the meaning of nouns and pronouns by quantifying and qualifying them (limiting adjectives). The subject of the sentence as well as the objects of the verb and prepositions may be expanded by using adjectives/adjective phrases. Look at the following sentences.

1. Sweet songs lulled the little baby to sleep. (Sweet modifies songs and little describes baby.)

2. Lovers are timid and mute.

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(Timid and mute modify/describe lovers.)

3. Then too soon the babies grow big and tall. (Big and tall modify/describe lovers.)

Activity 9

Read the poem “The Sampaguita” by Natividad Marquez. Then underline the descriptive adjectives in it and encircle the word each of them modifies. Explain the meaning of the poem by using adjectives.

The Sampaguita

Natividad Marquez

Little sampaguita With the wondering eye

Did a tiny fairy Drop you where you lie?

In the witching hour Of the tropic night

Did the careless moonbeam Leave you in its plight?

What does the poem mean? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Activity 10

Copy and complete the following poem. Think of other adjectives that may be used to replace those in the original version..

The Sampaguita ____________________

_________________ sampaguita

With the ___________________eye Did a _________________ fairy

Drop you where you lie?

In the _____________ hour Of the _______________ night

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Did the _______________ moonbeam Leave you in its plight?

Activity 11

Read another sample of Filipino poetry. Box the adjectives and underline the words they modify.

To Don Juan

Angela Manalang Gloria

It was not love—Why should I love you? It was not folly, for I was wise,

Yet when you looked at me, your looking Opened a kingdom to my eyes,

It was not love, it was not folly,

I have no name to call it by, I only know one shining instant

You held my earth, you held my sky.

Is the experience being communicated real or purely imaginary? Justify and write your answer in your activity notebook.

_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________

Activity 12 Choose one poem from the previous activities and find out how the author

conveys significant experience by answering the following questions. TITLE:__________________________________________

1. What is it about? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

2. Who is speaking? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

3. What attitude does it communicate? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

4. Is there a comparison made in the poem? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

5. Is the comparison accurate?

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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Are there lines which you disagree? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

7. How do you feel about the poem? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

8. What is the purpose of the poem? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

9. What do you think does the poem mean? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Is the message or the meaning worthwhile? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

11. How does the poem make you hear, see, taste, feel and smell the aspects of life? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. How does the poem relive or unlock the past? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

13. How do the rhyme and sounds of the poem contribute to its meaning? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 13

Classify the following lines as riddles or proverbs. Write P for proverbs and R for riddles. Then write the answers to the riddles.

___________ 1. Isang prinsesa, nakaupo sa tasa. A princess seated in a cup. ___________ 2. Nariyan na si Kaka bubukabukaka. Elder brother is coming with his legs wide apart. ___________ 3. Tuso man ang matsing, napaglalangan din. No matter how wise a monkey is, he can still be outwitted. ___________ 4. Ang di marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan, di makararating sa paroroonan. Anyone who does not know how to look back where he came from will not reach his destination.

___________ 5. Kapag apaw na ang takalan, kailangang kalusan. When the pot runs over, you need to level the water off. ___________6. Habang maikli ang kumot, matutong mamaluktot. When the blanket is short, learn to curl up under it. ___________ 7. Ang lumakalad nang matulin kung matinik ay malalim. Anyone who walks fast gets pricked deeper. ___________ 8. Baboy ko sa Marinduque, balahibo’y pako. My pet swine in Marinduque has nails for hair. ___________ 9. Huli man daw at magaling ay naihahabol din.

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Though late but great can still be admitted. ___________ 10. Walang paa’y lumalakad, walang mata’y lumuluha. It doesn’t have feet but it walks, it doesn’t have eyes but it cries.

At this phase, you will reflect, revisit, rethink and revise your earlier assumptions about ancient Philippine poetry through thought-provoking questions as well as challenging activities. Here, you will also be engaged in meaningful self-evaluation.

Activity 14

Read the poem that follows. Then relate, compare and connect its subject to present day happenings. Write your reactions in your activity notebook.

The Song of Maria ClaraThe Song of Maria ClaraThe Song of Maria ClaraThe Song of Maria Clara

by Jose Rizal (A Translation from the Spanish by Nick Joaquin)

Sweet hours in the native country,

where friendly shines the sun above! Life is a breeze that sweeps the meadows;

Tranquil is death; most tender, love.

Warm kisses on the lips are playing As we awake to mother’s face:

The arms are seeking to embrace her, The eyes are smiling as they gaze.

How sweet to die for the native country,

where friendly shines the sun above! Death is the breeze for him who has No country, no mother, and no love!

_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

DEEPEN Your Understanding

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Activity 14

Make a poster showcasing your favorite line/s from any of the ancient Philippine poetry. Highlight the adjectives used.

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Activity 15

Copy and complete each numbered sentence with appropriate adjective.

1. Public school students donated _____________________ food to the victims of calamity.

2. The governor assured his constituents that they will have ________________ drinking water in no time at all.

3. Roselle and Patrick read ________________poems. 4. I need to look for the _____________ folder with ____________ papers. 5. Theodore ordered ________________ dessert. 6. Wenceslao doesn’t like anyone who wears ___________ clothes. 7. We are called to help save ___________________ animals. 8. ______________ waste materials should be placed in the green container. 9. The _____________ leader was praised for his __________ achievements. 10. Jose Carlo and Carlito have just purchased _____________ cars.

Activity 16

Write the lyrics of a folksong you, your mother or your grandmother used to sing. Then explain the beliefs, ideals or attitudes the song explains or illustrates. ______________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

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Beliefs, Ideals or Attitudes the Song Explains or Illustrates ______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

Activity 16

Pretend that you are an illustrator for children’s books. Your job is to create a drawing that will best illustrate the meaning of the poem below.

Source: Clip art on office online

My IslandsMy IslandsMy IslandsMy Islands N.V.M. Gonzales

Even as the bough breaks

from the sheer weight of the song

so does my heart break with love,

so my river will flow

to kiss the sea’s warm eternal breast,

so will my islands poise their hills

against the sun,

My heart is proud

of this dream and prouder yet my rivers

of the faith that keeps the pace

of tides and moons, and prouder

still my islands of their hills.

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Source: Clip art on office online

My Islands My Islands My Islands My Islands N.V.M. Gonzales

Even as the bough breaks

from the sheer weight of the song

so does my heart break with love,

so my river will flow

to kiss the sea’s warm eternal breast,

so will my islands poise their hills

against the sun,

My heart is proud

of this dream and prouder yet my rivers

of the faith that keeps the pace

of tides and moons, and prouder

still my islands of their hills.

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Activity 17

Create a script for a commercial of a new product. The commercial should highlight the values, attitudes, ideals and beliefs used as subjects in ancient Philippine poetry. Use descriptive adjectives.

Are you done?

Very Good!

Now that you have understood and internalized that the ancient Filipino poetry served as the most effective vehicle for expressing and preserving Philippine culture, ideals, and heritage, you will transfer that understanding to real world task.

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At this phase you will make independent applications of your understanding of ancient Filipino poetry as well as the forms and functions of basal adjectives. You will find out the connection between the tasks and the world.

Activity 18

Rap songs are effective musical expressions of a singer’s feelings, thoughts, attitudes, and aspirations in life. Recall the rap song “Mga Kababayan Ko” by the Francis Magalona.

Mga Kababayan Ko Francis Magalona

Chorus

Mga kababayan ko (My countrymen) Dapat lang malaman n’yo (It’s right for you to know.)

Bilib ako sa kulay ko (I’m proud of my color.) Ako ay Pilipino (I am a Filipino.)

Kung may itim o may puti (If there’s black or white) Mayron namang kayumanggi (There’s also brown.)

Isipin mo na kaya mong (Think that you can) Abutin ang ‘yong minimithi (Reach your aspirations.)

Dapat magsumikap para tayo’y di maghirap (We should strive so that we won’t

suffer.) Ang trabaho mo pagbutihin mo (Do your job well)

Dahil ‘pag gusto mo ay kaya mo (Because if you want it, you can do it.) Kung kaya mo ay kaya n’ya (If you can, he can do it, too.)

At kaya nating dalawa (And we both can do it.)

Magaling ang atin (What we have is great.) ‘Yan ang laging iisipin (Always bear that in mind.)

Pag asenso’y mararating (Progress will come) Kung handa kang tiisin (If you’re ready to bear)

Ang hirap at pagod sa problema (Poverty and tiredness, with problems) ‘Wag kang malunod (Don’t get drowned.)

Umaahon ka ‘wag lumubog (Get up, don’t sink) Pagka’t ginhawa naman ang susunod (Because good life will come next.)

Iwasan mo ang inggit (Avoid envy.) Ang sa iba’y ibig mong makamit (Desiring what others have)

TRANSFER Your Understanding

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Dapat nga ikaw’y matuwa sa napala ng iyong kapatid (You should be glad with what your brother has achieved.)

Ibig kung ipabatid (I just want to let it be known.) Na lahat tayo’y kapit bisig (That we’re arm to arm)

Repeat chorus

Respetohin natin ang ating ina (Respect our mother.)

Ilaw siya ng tahanan (She’s the light of the home.) Bigyang galang ang ama (Give respect to our father.)

At ang payo ang susundan (Their advice should be followed.) At sa magkakapatid (And siblings)

Kailangan ay magmahalan (Need to love one another.) Dapat lang ay pag-usapan ang hindi nauunawaan (What is not understood

should be talked about.)

‘Wag takasan ang pagkukulang (Do not run away from mistakes.) Kasalanan ay panagutan (Take responsibility for your sins.)

Magmalinis ay iwasan (Avoid being self-righteous) Nakakainis marumi naman (It’s annoying, you’re sinful, too) Ang magkaaway ipagbati (Help settle issues between foes.) Gumitna ka at wag kumampi (Stay neutral, don’t take sides.)

Lahat tayo’y magkakapatid (We are all brothers.)

Anumang mali ay ituwid Whatever is not right should be corrected.) Magdasal sa Diyos Maykapal (Pray to the Lord Almighty.)

Maging banal at ‘wag hangal (Be holy and not fools.) Itong tula ay alay ko (This poem is dedicated)

Sa inyo at sa buong mundo (To all of you and to all the world.)

Repeat chorus

Did it effectively express the singer’s aspirations and beliefs as a Filipino? How? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What truths about life should the youth learn from it? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 19 Go over the ancient Filipino poems you have explored in class or read from books and magazines. Choose one and find a suitable melody for it. If necessary, change the words to suit/go with the melody. Rap it aloud in class. Then ask others to give useful comments and suggestions for improvement. Consider them as you revise and record your rap rendition.

Congratulations!

You have finished the first topic!

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