Module 4 - Elements of Plumbing

8/13/2019 Module 4 - Elements of Plumbing

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MODULE 4

ELEMENTS OF PLUMBING


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What is Plumbing?

Plumbing is the art and technique of installing

pipes, fixtures and other apparatuses in

buildings for bringing in the supply, liquids

substances and/or ingredients and removing

them; and such water, liquid and other carried

wastes hazardous to health, sanitation, life,

property, also the pipes and fixtures after

installation i.e., the plumbing system.

(Section 217.6 NPC 1999)


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What is a Plumbing System?

Plumbing Systemincludes all potable water

supply and distribution pipes, all plumbing

fixtures and traps; all sanitary and storm

drainage systems; vent pipes, roof drains,

leaders and downspouts, and all building drains

and sewers, including their respective joints andconnections; devices, receptacles, and

appurtenances within the property; water lines

in the premises; potable, tap, hot and chilled

water piping; potable water treating or usingequipment; fuel gas piping; water heaters and

vents for same.(Sec.217.12 NPC 1999)


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What are the major components of the

Plumbing System?

The system constitute the following:

1. Water supply & Distribution Systemcarries water from the water source, street main or apump to the building & to various points of use.

2. Plumbing FixturesThe receptacles that receive the supplied water &allow the building occupants to avail & use the water

3. Drainage, Waste & Vent

The piping network within the building which conveysfrom the plumbing fixtures all wastes and rainwaterto a treatment facility & point of disposal.


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TYPICAL PLUMBING

SYSTEM OF A TOILET AND

BATH


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Who is the Plumber?

ThePlumberis the one who works or

engages in the business of installing

in buildings the pipes, fixtures and

other apparatus for bringing in the

water supply and removing liquid and

waterborne wastes.


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What are the different categories of

Plumbers? There are 3 categories of plumbers:

1. Apprentice Plumber a beginner at the trade whousually serves for 3 to 5 years as a helper to ajourneyman.

2. Journeyman Plumber has served hisapprenticeship and is competent to perform the tasks of

installing and repairing the plumbing system.3. Master Plumber a person technically and legallyqualified and licensed to practice the profession ofmaster plumbing without limitations in accordance withR.A. 1378, having passed the examinations conducted

by the Professional Regulation Commission, hasreceived a Certificate of Registration from the Board ofMaster Plumbing and possesses the current License toPractice.(Sec. 214.5 NPC 1999)


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What is the Plumbing Code?

The Plumbing Code is manifestation of theright of the government to regulate thepractice of the plumbing profession basedon the principle of the protection of publichealth.

The basic goal of the National PlumbingCode of the Philippines is to ensure thequalified observance of the latestprovisions of the plumbing &environmental laws.


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What are the basic principles that

govern the National Plumbing Code of

the Philippines?

There are 22 basic principles of the 1999National Plumbing Code of the Philippines

which are updates of the tenets in thePlumbing Law of the Philippinesapproved on 18 June 1955 as amendedon 28 November 1959 and revised on 21December 1999.

The basic principles are as follows:


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Principle No. 1:

All premises intended

for human habitation,

occupancy or use

shall be provided with

a supply of pure andwholesome water,

neither connected

with unsafe supplies

nor subject to hazardsof backflow or back

siphonage.


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Principle No. 2: Plumbing fixtures,

devices and

appurtenances shall

be supplied with

water in sufficient

volume & at apressure adequate to

enable them to

function satisfactorily

& without undue noiseunder normal

conditions of use.


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Principle No. 3:

Plumbing shall be

designed and

adjusted to use the

minimum quantityof water consistent

with proper

performance and

cleaning.


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Principle No. 4:

Devices for heating

and storing water

shall be so

designed andinstalled as to

prevent dangers

from explosion

throughoverheating.


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Principle No. 5:

Every building havingplumbing fixtures

installed & intended for

human habitation,

occupancy or use onpremises abutting on a

street, alley or easementwhere there is a public

sewer, shall be

connected to the publicsewer system.


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Principle No. 6:

Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting

on a sewer or with a private sewage disposal

system shall have at least 1water closet & 1

kitchen-type sink. Further, a lavatory or bathtub

or shower shall be installed to meet the basic

requirement of sanitation & personal hygiene.


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Principle No. 7:

Plumbing fixtures

shall be made of

smooth non-

absorbent material,

free from

concealed fouling

surfaces & shall be

located in

ventilatedenclosures.


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Principle No. 8: The drainage

system shall be

designed,

constructed and

maintained to

safeguard against

fouling, deposit of

solids, cloggingand with adequate

cleanouts so

arranged that the

pipes might bereadily cleaned.


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Principle No. 9:

All piping of plumbingsystems shall be of

durable NAMPAP

APPROVED

materials, free fromdefective

workmanship,designed &

constructed by

Registered MasterPlumbers to ensure

satisfactory service.


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Principle No. 10:

Each fixture

directly connected

to the drainage

system shall beequipped with

water sealed

trap.


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Principle No. 11:

The drainage

piping system shall

be designed to

provide adequate

circulation of free

air from siphonage,

aspiration or

forcing of trap

seals underordinary use.


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Principle No. 12:

Vent terminals shall

extend to the outer air

and installed to

preempt clogging and

the return of foul air to

the building.


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Principle No. 13:

Plumbing systems shall be subjected to

such tests to effectively disclose all leaks

and defects in the workmanship.


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Principle No. 14:

No substance whichwill clog the pipes,

produce explosive

mixtures ,destroy the

pipes or their joints orinterfere unduly with

the sewage disposal

process shall be

allowed to enter the

building drainage

system.


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Principle No. 15:

Proper protection shall beprovided to prevent

contamination of food,

water, sterile goods &

similar materials bybackflow of sewage.

When necessary, thefixture, device or

appliance shall be

connected indirectly withthe building drainage

system.


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Principle No. 16:

No water closet shall be located in a room

or compartment which is not properlylighted or ventilated.


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Principle No. 17:

If water closets or otherplumbing fixtures areinstalled in buildingswhere there is no sewerwithin a reasonable

distance, suitableprovision shall be madefor disposing of thebuilding sewage by someaccepted method of

sewage treatment anddisposal, such as septictank.


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Principle No. 18:

Where a plumbing drainage system may be

subject to backflow of sewage, suitable provision

shall be made to prevent its overflow in the

building.


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Principle No. 19:

Plumbing systems shall be maintained in

serviceable condition by RegisteredMaster Plumbers.


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Principle No. 20:

All plumbing

fixtures shall

be properly

spaced, tobe

accessible

for their

intendeduse.


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Principle No. 21:

Plumbing shall be

installed by Registered

Master Plumbers with

due regard to the

preservation of thestrength of structural

members and the

prevention of damage to

walls and other surfacesthrough fixture usage.


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Principle No. 22: Sewage or other

waste from aplumbing system

which may bedeleterious tosurface or sub surface watersshall not be

discharge into theground or onto anywaterway, unlessfirst renderedinnocuous throughsubjection to someacceptable form oftreatment.


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Module 4 - Elements of Plumbing

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