Module 3 Overview: Implementing Integrated Programs · 2019-12-16 · – Land grabbing – High...
Transcript of Module 3 Overview: Implementing Integrated Programs · 2019-12-16 · – Land grabbing – High...
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Module 3 Overview:Implementing Integrated Programs
Presenter: Diane Russell
Treasure, Turf and Turmoil: The Dirty Dynamics of Land and Natural Resource Conflict
February 2011
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Objectives of the module
• Identify entry points for and constraints to integrated programs
• Work through issues related to sequencing of integrated programs in conflict environments
• Learn about specific M&E approaches and tools
• Delve into key themes and country situations
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Integrated programming in USAID:Entry points and challenges
Presenter: Diane Russell
Treasure, Turf and Turmoil: The Dirty Dynamics of Land and Natural Resource Conflict
February 2011
![Page 4: Module 3 Overview: Implementing Integrated Programs · 2019-12-16 · – Land grabbing – High value resources – Displacement – Uncertain or overlapping claims to land • Linchpin](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070919/5fb89c4e7d5d272e06518e09/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The conflict equation again
Context
+ + =
Mitigating factors
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Conflict scenarios: “theory of change”
• An “if…., then….” statement that makes explicit how an intervention will lead to desired changes
• Informs strategy/program design • Used to develop meaningful change
(performance) indicators• Focuses monitoring, learning, and evaluation
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How to build a strong theory of change: Focus on “what” needs to change (Step 1)
• Examine conflict analysis findings
• Ask: What needs to change to reduce conflict?– Examine each element in the “conflict
equation”– What drivers of conflict need to be addressed?– What areas of resilience need to be
strengthened?
• Focus your theory on that needed change
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How to build a strong theory of change: Focus on “what” needs to change (Step 2)
Formulate an “if…, then….” statement about HOW that change will happen in that particular context:
• Be specific about the type of change• Be specific about the target of change• Draw the theory of change to check
coherence, comprehensiveness
Theory of change is a CMM tool, but principles are relevant to NRM and LTPR entry points
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Conflict-sensitive programming
• Minimize negative impacts and maximize positive impacts: conflict analysis is essential
• Key program goals are sectoral
• Takes into account conflict dynamics; but does not focus on changing those dynamics
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Programming for conflict management
• Key goal: influence the dynamics of conflict and peace
• EITHER sectoral programming with strong conflict focus OR a stand-alone program.
• Based on in-depth conflict diagnosis
• Diagnosis results used to uphold “do no harm” principles
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Conflict as opportunity
• Conflict highlights inequalities and grievances and provides opportunities to address them
• Post-conflict: opportunities for rebuilding and moving in new directions
• But it is not a blank slate: building on existing histories
• Planning processes as a means of bringing disparate actors together
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“Safe” themes as entry points
Programming in other sectors that addresses conflict increases safety
But particular resources, or land claims, may be politically off-limits
– Identify politically acceptable entry points for integrated programming
– Gain credibility through successful technical interventions
– Gradually open processes to include more actors and address conflicts more directly
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NRM entry points: risks and opportunities
• Drivers of resource degradation—blaming victims or fighting corruption?
• Conflict over protected areas and wildlife—escalating violence or improving livelihoods?
• Decentralized NRM—exacerbating or improving the process?
• Land use planning and zoning—elite capture or opportunity to improve LTPR for vulnerable?
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NRM programming approaches
• Environmental governance (identify and attack perverse incentives)
• Foster collective action at watershed and landscape levels– Participatory planning and action– Landcare/ecoagriculture approaches
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LTPR entry points
• LTPR as key conflict driver– Land grabbing– High value resources – Displacement– Uncertain or overlapping claims to land
• Linchpin for better NRM and conflict management
• Security of tenure as a key factor in investment, access to credit, economic growth, and reducing vulnerability of women and marginalized populations
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LTPR programming approaches
LTPR analysis may uncover needs for…….• Legal and judicial sector reform• Support to civil society/advocacy• Land titling and registration• Land conflict mitigation & dispute resolution• Institutional strengthening• Tailored interventions on property rights to
specific natural resources
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Challenges
• Earmarks and earmark reporting• Mission and Office expertise and experience• Political sensitivities and concerns• Timeframes • Where is the economic/livelihood result?
What about new Agency initiatives?
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What are your experiences?
Think about projects you have worked on…
• What were the entry points for a cross-sectoral approach?
• Challenges?• Methods?• Lessons?