Module 1_DRR CCA Linkage
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Transcript of Module 1_DRR CCA Linkage
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Module 1
Linking Disasters, Climate Change,and Development
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Learning Objectives
Understand the link among disasters, climate
change and sustainable development
Appreciate the importance of mainstreaming
climate and disaster risk reduction in
development planning processes
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Outline
Impact of disasters How hazards become disasters
Disaster Development Model
How Disaster Risk Reduction Works
Convergence of DRR and CCA
Framework for Mainstreaming DRR and CCA in
Development
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Impacts of Disasters
Source: 2012, Thursday Insights Presentation of DG
Vinod, ADB
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Impacts of Disasters
Photo: Richel Umel /
Reuters
Source: 2012, Thursday Insights Presentation of DG
Vinod, ADB
Source: 2012, Punongbayan, R. Mainstreaming
DRR/CCA into cLUPs
Typhoon Sendong
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Disasters and Assistance to
Affected Persons
In 2007, ADB. Philippines: Critical Constraints to Development
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Large financing gap
3.2 B disaster financing in 2008 from
calamity fund and other sources (WB)
17.67 B average annual economic losses (ADB)
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0
10,000,000
20,000,000
30,000,000
40,000,000
50,000,000
60,000,000
70,000,000
0
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Disasters events Urban Population Trendline (Disaster events)
Trends: Growing urbanization and increasing
exposure to disaster events in the Philippines
Source: CRED EM-DAT database and World Bank Open Data Initiative
(In 2012, N. Britton, ADB, Briefing on the TA 7812, Developing Risk
Financing Capability for the Philippines)
Rapid rate of urbanization in the Philippines
2005-2030 est. growth of 67% (+35m people)
to 76%
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How hazards become disasters
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D
I
S
A
S
T
ER
S
Fr
Fragile physical
environment
Dangerous locations
Unprotected buildings
and infrastructure
Fragile local economy
Livelihoods at risk
Low income levels
Vulnerable society
Special groups at risk
Lack of local
institutions
Public actions
Lack of disaster
preparedness
Flood
Landslides
Tsunami
Storm surge
Earthquakes
Volcanic
eruptions
Lack of:
Local institutionsTraining
Appropriate skills
Local investment
Macroforces
Rapid population
growthRapid urbanization
Deforestation
Decline in soil
productivity
Limited access to:
Power structures
Resources
Ideologies
Political systems
Economic systems
HAZARDS UNSAFE CONDITIONS DYNAMIC PRESSURES ROOT CAUSE
Adapted from Wisner., et al, 2004 pressures that result in disasters
Progression of Vulnerability
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A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a society, causingwidespread human, material or environmental losses that exceed the ability ofaffected society to cope using only its own resources. Natural disaster would be adisaster caused by nature or natural causes.
Vulnerability is the propensity or predisposition of an exposed population or assetto be adversely affected.
Climate change adaptation: An adjustment in natural or human systems in
response to actual or expected climate stimuli or their effects, which moderatesharm or exploits benefit opportunities.
Disaster risk reduction: The broad development and application of policies,strategies and practices to minimise vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughoutsociety, through prevention, mitigation and preparedness
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Disaster and Development Model
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How climate change increases
disaster risks
CC changes the magnitude and frequency of
extreme events: coping and response
mechanisms and economic planning for disasters
based on past vulnerabilities may no longersuffice
CC changes average climatic conditions and
climate variability, affecting underlying riskfactors, and it generates new threats: which a
country may have no experience in dealing with
Source: 2008. Tearfund. Linking Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction
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Paradigm Shift
Disastermanagement
Disaster riskmanagement:disaster riskreduction + disastermanagement
Comprehensive/Integrateddisaster risk management:
disaster risk management +disaster risk financing+climate change adaptation
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How DRR Works
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Overlap between DRR and CCA
2008. DFID. Convergence of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation
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Source: IPCC (2012) MANAGING THE RISKS OF EXTREME EVENTS AND DISASTERS TO ADVANCECLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
Core Concepts: Climate, Disaster Risks and Development
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Similarities
Similar aims: both seek to build resilience to hazards
in the context of sustainable development
Mutual benefits: DRR supports adaptation and vice-
versa
Non-structural measures such as policies, knowledgedevelopment and awareness raising, participatory
mechanisms can both serve the DRR and CCA agenda
Poverty reduction is an essential component of
reducing vulnerability to hazards and climate change
Mainstreaming efforts
Converging political agendas
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Development planning process
PlanningInvestmentProgramming
RevenueGeneration
Project Evaluation& Development
Budgeting
ExpenditureManagement
PPAs
Implementation
Monitoring &evaluation
PDIP/AIP
Source: 2007. NEDA-ADB. Provincial/Local Planning and Expenditure Management
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Development Planning System and
Outputs in the Philippines
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Hazard Characterization/
Frequency Analysis
ConsequenceAnalysis
Risk Estimation
Risk Evaluation
Planning Environment
Population
Economic Activity
Physical Resources/
Transport
Land Use and Physical Framework
Income
and
Services
Development Issues, Goals,
Objectives/Targets
Strategies and PPAs
Vision
Project Evaluation
and Development
Investment
Programming
Budgeting
Implementation,
Monitoring and Evaluation
MAINSTREAMING FRAMEWORK
Disaster Risk Assessment Development Planning
Source: NEDA-UNDP-EU Guidelines on Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in Subnational Development and Land Use/Physical Planning
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