Module 14 - University of Hawaii Systembashburn/bioc141/outlines/module_14_outline.pdfModule 14. Are...
Transcript of Module 14 - University of Hawaii Systembashburn/bioc141/outlines/module_14_outline.pdfModule 14. Are...
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Brad Ashburn, PhD Biochemistry 141
Module 14
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Are all acids created equal?
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Strong vs Weak
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Strong vs Weak
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Chemical Equilibrium
CO + H2O CO2 + H2
The forward reaction proceeds to the right.
The reverse reaction proceeds to the left.
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The reaction is occurring in both directions simultaneously (equilibrium).
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Chemical Equilibrium
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Le Chatelier’s Principle
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The system will shift to oppose any change.
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Le Chatelier’s Principles
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Concentration Change
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2CO + O2 2CO2
If we increase the CO concentration
The equilibrium will shift to the right
The system will shift to oppose any change.
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Concentration Change
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2CO + O2 2CO2
If we increase the CO2 concentration
The equilibrium will shift to the left
The system will shift to oppose any change.
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Concentration Change
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2CO + O2 2CO2
If we decrease the CO2 concentration
The equilibrium will shift to the right
The system will shift to oppose any change.
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Concept Check
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Predict the direction of equilibrium when the
[Cl2] increases
[O2] decreases
[H2O] decreases
[HCl] increases
2Cl2 + 2H2O + heat 4HCl + O2
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Measuring Acidity
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Measuring Acidity
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Calculating [H3O+] and [-OH]
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The reaction of two water molecules:
Kw = [H3O+] x [-OH] = 1 x 10-14
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The [H3O+] in a cup of Starbucks coffee is 1.0 x 10-5 M, calculate the [-OH].
Is this solution acidic or basic?
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Concept Check
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Concept Check
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pH Scale
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neutralacidic basic
Lower pH Higher pH
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The pH of Body Fluids
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Significant Figures in pH Calculations
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Calculating pH from [H3O+]
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Given a solution with an [H3O+] of 1.2 x 10-5 M, calculate the pH?
pH = -log [H3O+]
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Given a solution with an pH of 8.50, what is the [H3O+]?
pH = -log [H3O+]
Calculating [H3O+] from pH
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The typical pH of human sweat is 6.8.What is the [H3O+]?
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Buffers
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A buffer is a solution whose pH changes very little when acid or base is added.
Resists change in pH because:
added acid reacts with base
added base reacts with acid
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Human Blood Buffer
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Normal blood pH is between 7.35-7.45
CO2 is constantly produced by metabolism of food
CO2 + H2O H2CO3 + H2O H3O+ + HCO3−
The [CO2] is directly related to the pH of the blood
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Human Blood Buffer
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Normal blood pH is between 7.35-7.45
CO2 is constantly produced by metabolism of food
CO2 + H2O H2CO3 + H2O H3O+ + HCO3−
The [CO2] is directly related to the pH of the blood
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Respiratory Acidosis
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Respiratory Alkalosis
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