Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 1

1

Instructor: Doughlas Remy

Introduction—Basic Concepts

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 2

Course Outline

• Introduction –Basic Concepts and Terminology• Printing Processes• Color Theory and Management• Tools and Techniques

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 3

Course Materials

• PowerPoint presentations provide the framework for this course.

• You will find each presentation (in .pps format) on the network share. You may open it and follow along on your own computer.

• Some of the material shown on the slides is for reference only and will not be covered in detail.

• Don’t hesitate to ask questions.

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 4

Course Caveats

• This is only an introduction to pre-press processes and techniques.

• Students are at different levels of competence.

• To be effective and credible in the world of pre-press—and to know how to select a printing company for your jobs—you need a basic knowledge of printing technology. Our first session will introduce you to this topic.*

• Some of the material shown on the slides is for reference only and will not be covered in detail. Also, several the topics are of lower priority and may be skipped due to time constraints.

*Also, pre-press is considered to be part of the printing industry and accounts for about five percent of its earnings.

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 5

Assessment

• Modules 1-2: Quiz at end of each module.• Modules 3-4: Divided into several sections, each followed by a quiz.• If you’re unsure of an answer, feel free to search back through the

earlier slides. • Your scores may be noticed but will not be recorded or used for any

purpose other than the following:

• Goal / focus along the way.• Feedback for you.• Feedback for me.• Closure on a topic.

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 6

Topics Covered in This Module

• Desktop publishing (DTP), digital publishing• The advent of digital publishing• Digital publishing and Web design• Scope of digital publishing• Analog vs. digital media• Pre-press, on-press, and post-press processesQuizAnswer sheet for printing

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 7

Terminology: DTP, Digital Publishing

• “Desktop publishing” (DTP): All or most of a modest publishing task can be done in a home office equipped with:o computero scannero printero software (graphics, page layout)

• “Digital publishing”: Publishing for output to print or to the Web. o Any scaleo Most devices are digital.o Refers to the pre-press work even if the actual printing

process is non-digital. (e.g., offset lithography)

Pixel Print

Digital publishing

Pre-pressWeb design

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 8

Terminology

Important

We can use the term “digital publishing” to refer to our pre-press work even if the actual printing process is non-digital*.

*E.g., your morning newspaper is probably printed using the offset litho process, which is not a digital technology. But most of the content will have been prepared digitally, using computers, scanners, digital cameras, etc.

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 9

Digital Publishing and Web Design

ThenIBM PC, circa 1981

NowDell Dimension™

Desktop

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 10

Only 25 years ago, there was no digital publishing as weknow it today. The following developments occurred in the 80s:• 1984 – Apple Macintosh—the first computer to integrate

text and graphics• Apple adopts Adobe’s Postscript Page Description

Language, allowing printers to replicate the computer screen’s text or graphics.

• 1985 – Seattle-based Aldus (later to merge withAdobe) releases PageMaker, the first page-layoutsoftware to use the new graphical user interface (GUI).

• Desktop Publishing (DTP)• Computer-based• Integration of text and graphics• Control of all elements of page design:

o Typographyo Arto Photoso Layout / design

The Advent of Digital Publishing

1984: Apple Macintosh 128kCPU Speed: 8 MHz

Price: US $2,495

2009: Apple iMacCPU Speed: 2.4 GHz (333 times as

fast as the 1984 Mac) Price: US $1,199

Then...

Now...

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 11

The advent of digital publishing has been nothing less than

revolutionary.Printing tasks that were once

outsourced to vendors can now be performed by a single

individual using a computer and peripherals that are within the

range of most household budgets.

Scope of Digital Publishing

Before digital printing, the following tasks would have been performed by different people:

Page layout used to involve:• Drawing boards• T-squares• Ruling pens• Erasers• Rubber cement• Tape

• Writing• Editing• Typing• Proofing• Photography• Art• Page layout• Typesetting• Color separations

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 12

Because digital publishing trends towards consolidation of multiple publishing tasks, smaller publishing projects can, theoretically, be carried out by a single person, whom we wouldcall the “digital publisher,” or just “publisher” for short.

However, large publishing projects still require division of labor because of their scale. So large companies such as Microsoft still employ writers, editors, photographers, graphic artists, page-layout specialists, indexers, etc.

Scope of Digital Publishing

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 13

Analog media:• Telephone• Radio • Film cameras• CRT Monitors• Modems

• Electromagnetic (EM) waves are analog, and the human eye is analog in its way of gathering and sensing light, which is the visible part of the EM spectrum.

• However, analog images or signals may also be gathered by digital means. These include scanners, digital cameras, and modems. (Modems convert analog signals to digital ones, or vice versa.)

• Transmission (output) of digital images or signals may be done by computers, modems, printers, and LCD monitors. (CRTs are analog.)

Digital media:• Computers• Scanners • Digital cameras• LCD Monitors• Modems

Analog vs. Digital Media

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 14

Pre-press processes prepare documents for printing.

Where the actual printing is done depends on many factors:

• Some companies have their own printing departments.

• Some organizations (e.g., private companies, government agencies, colleges and universities) have their own presses (e.g., Microsoft Press, University of Chicago Press, BCC Printing Services).

• Some companies are dedicated to printing (e.g., ADG Printing in Lynnwood, GM Nameplate in Seattle, CCS Printing and AAA Printing in Bellevue).

• Chains like Kinko’s offer a variety of services, including digital printing.

These are variously called “presses,” “print shops,” “printing companies,” “printers,” “service bureaus,” “printing services,” etc.

The Role of Pre-press Processes

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 15

Note: A graphic design team in an organization that outsources its printing to a printing company will do some—but probably not all—of the pre-press work. The printing company will in most cases do some of it as well, in addition to the on-press and post-press work.

Graphic designteam

Printing company / service bureau

Pre-press Pre-press

On-press

Post-press

Printed materials are produced in three operations:

• Pre-press

• On-press

• Post-press

Overview

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 16

• Platemaking• Imposition (to be explained shortly)

• Color correction• Proofing

On-press

Pre-press and On-Press Operations

16

Pre-press

*Adobe InDesign includes a “preflight” wizard.

Both

• Writing• Editing• Design• Typography• Art• Photography• Scanning• Layout• Proofing (preliminary)• File preparation

• Preflight*

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 17

Pre-press Operations: Typography

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 18

• Pre-flight• Platemaking• Imposition• Color correction• Proofing (happens at several stages)

Pre-press Operations Typically Done at the Press

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 19

Books, magazines, catalogs, and newspapers are printed on large sheets of paper that are later folded and trimmed.

Imposition is the plan and arrangement of pages so that when printed, folded and trimmed, they will appear in the correct order.

Imposition is done entirely by digital means. Pages are output to an imagesetter (which produces large pieces of film), or a platesetter (which generates a plate that goes directly to press).

Imposition

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 20

Activity: Imposition

This activity demonstrates how pages must be arranged when they are printed on a large sheet (16x), which is then folded and trimmed.

1. Fold a sheet of paper three times.

2. Rotate the folded sheet so that the narrow edge without foldings is at the top.

3. In the top center of the first segment, write a large number 1.

4. On the reverse side of that segment, write the number 2.

5. Continue in this way to the end of the stack and the number 16.

6. Unfold the sheet of paper.

Pre-press Operations Typically Done at the Press

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 21

Imposition

Page 1

Trim lines

For more information about imposition, visit: http://www.prepress.pps.com/TechReports/imposetr.html#saddle

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13

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4 1

5 8 915

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7 6 1116

Page 16

Trim lines

(flip over)

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 22

• Precise positioning of plates• Control of ink coverage• Color control• Registration (see next slide)• Speed of impressions

The printing company, print shop or service bureau is entirely responsible for “on-press” operations.

A modern web offset press

On-press Operations: Transfer of images to paper

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 23

Registration Marks and Crop Marks

11. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. You agree that Microsoft, its affiliates, and their distributors (and their suppliers)

will not be liable for any damages (including any caused by negligence) related to this license or any transaction

contemplated herein, including for any consequential, incidental, indirect, economic, or punitive damages even if

Notes:

• Registration is done only for 2- to 4-color printing. If the colors are misregistered, you will be able to see the separate colors:

• Crop marks indicate where trimming is to be done.

Notes:

• Registration is done only for 2- to 4-color printing. If the colors are misregistered, you will be able to see the separate colors:

• Crop marks indicate where trimming is to be done.

Trimming here (These lines do not actually appear.)

Edg

e of

she

et

Crop marks

Registration mark

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 24

• Scoring*• Cutting• Folding• Trimming• Binding• Stacking**• Packaging

The printing company, print shop or service bureau is entirely responsible for this phase of the printing process.

Post-press Operations: All Finishing Work

*Scoring is preparatory to folding and helps prevent cracking along the fold line. It may consist of either partial cutting or simply compressing the paper along the score line.

**To keep the sheets from sticking together or transferring ink, each sheet is first heat-dried and then dusted with a fine powder.

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 25

In this photo, you can see printed newspaper pages that have come off a

web offset press and have already been folded once (at top). They are

now being folded a second time between the rollers (center).

The next step will be to trim them on (probably) three sides.

Post-press Operations: Folding

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 26

Module 1 Quiz (1)

1. The term “desktop publishing” ___ processes.

a. refers only to pre-press b. may include on-press c. never includes post-press d. includes only pre-press

and post-press

2. Which of the following are digital devices?

a. scanner b. office printer c. CRT monitor d. LCD monitor e. film camera f. human eye

3. A telephone is ….

a. an analog device b. a digital device c. neither analog nor digital d. both analog and digital

4. The ____ was the first computer to integrate text and graphics.

a. Compaq b. IBM PC c. Apple Macintosh d. TRS-80

5. Pre-press work may be done…

a. only by the design team. b. only by the press itself. c. by the design team or by

the press.

6. Post-press work is normally done…

a. only by the design team. b. only by the press. c. by the design team or by

the press.

7. Which of the following are pre-press operations?

a. Typography b. Registration c. Positioning of plates d. Preflight e. Binding f. Imposition

8. The font used on this quiz is ... a. serif b. sans serif c. monotype d. display

9. In a proportionally-spaced font,

the letter “M” would occupy _____ the letter “I.”

a. less space than b. more space than c. as much space as

10. The plan and arrangement of

pages is called… a. platemaking b. imposition c. serigraphy

11. Which of the following are post-

press operations? a. Trimming b. Cutting c. Registration d. Folding

Continued...

Instructions: More than one answer may be correct. Mark your answers on the printed answer sheet. PPSX format only: Use the highlighter to mark your options. (Right-click anywhere, click Pointer Options, and then click Highlighter. When you finish, restore the arrow pointer.)

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 27

Module 1 Quiz (2)

12. Controlling the speed of impressions is a(n) ______ operation.

a. pre-press b. on-press c. post-press

13. If color registration is accurate, the

registration mark will be … a. red b. blue c. black d. multi-colored

14. The crop marks show the printer

where to… a. re-align the plates. b. trim the paper. c. fold the paper.

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 28

End of Module 1

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 29Answer forms

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Module 1:Introduction

Module 2: Printing Processes Module 3:Color Theory and Mgmt

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Section 1

Section 2

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Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 30Answer forms

Module 4: Tools and Techniques

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Section 1

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Section 2

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Section 3

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Section 4

Module 1: Introduction—Basic Concepts 31

Wireless Network

The new Verizon FiOS wireless connection was completed during the break.  The SSID is BCCE.  The WEP passphrase is Robin and it is case sensitive.  The Hexadecimal equivalent will need to be used if the users wireless configuration tool has no place to enter a passphrase.  The key is C3 3A 8A 9B F0 9D B2 E8 09 88 04 DA E3.  The key is to be entered without spaces.  They were only added for easier reading.  The current registration for staff and students to the Bellevue College wireless is still in place and the connection requirements are still the same.