Modul Introduction to Mikrotik
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Transcript of Modul Introduction to Mikrotik
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What is RouterOS?
• RouterOS is an operating system that turns a regular PC into a multi-functional network device
• RouterOS can turn your PC into:– a dedicated router– a bandwidth shaper– a (transparent) packet filter– any 802.11a,b/g wireless device– almost anything that concerns networking
needs
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Applications• Static and dinamic
route, Police Route, RIP,OSPF,BGP
• Bridge ,Bonding • HotSpot Gateway • Dial-In Server • Dial-Out Server • Bandwidth shaper (
HTB,PCQ,PFIFO,BFIFO )
• Traffic logger• VOIP• ISP ( RT/RW Net )• Intranet (
Kampus,kantor,pabrik, ip camera dll )
RouterOS Features• Router • Bandwidth Manager • Firewall • HotSpot Gateway • VPN Server/Client • Wireless AP/Station/WDS• Web proxy • VRRP• IP routing• Tunnel• Radius• Monitoring• Diagnostic Tools &
Scripting
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Dari manakah RouterOSTM itu?
SIA "Mikrotikls"
Pernavas iela 46, Riga, LV-1009 LATVIA
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Mikrotik Hardware
• RouterBOARDTM adalah perangkathardware yang 100% compatibel denganMikroTikTM Router OS
• RouterBOARDTM adalah perangkathardware yang di release dari SIA "Mikrotikls“
• Peralatan hardware dapat dilihat di situsHttp://www.routerboard.com
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Jenis-jenis RouterboardRB/100 Series
RB/200SeriesRB/153 RB/112 RB/150 RB/133C RB/133
RB/44RB/500 Series
R52RB/532 series RB/534
(RB/532 + RB/502)RB/44GRB/596
(RB/532 + RB/564)
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Gambar RB 333 ( new )
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Spesifikasi Teknis RB 333
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Gambar RB 133
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Spesifikasi Teknis RB 133
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How to Install RouterOS ?
• Instalasi RouterOS™ dapat melaluibeberapa cara:
– Instalasi melalui Floppy Disk– Instalasi melalui CD-ROM– Instalasi melalui network (Netinstall)
• Source dapat di download dihttp://www.mikrotik.com/download.php
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Menginstall Sofware denganNetinstall
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Contoh Netinstall
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Netinstall Server Status
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Installing the Router
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How to Setup RouterOS ?
Your dedicated PC router hardware should have:• CPU and motherboard - advanced 4th generation (core
frequency 100MHz or more), 5th generation (Intel Pentium, Cyrix 6X86, AMD K5 or comparable) or newer uniprocessor Intel IA-32 (i386) compatible (multiple processors are not supported)
• RAM - minimum 64 MiB, maximum 1 GiB; 64 MiB or more recommended
• Hard Drive/Flash - standard ATA interface controller and drive (SCSI and USB controllers and drives are not supported; RAID controllers that require additional drivers are not supported) with minimum of 64 Mb space
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How to Setup RouterOS ?
RouterOS dapat di Install di• Harddisk• Disk on Module• NAND ( For RB )
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Akses ke RouterOS• Direct Monitor dan keyboard• Serial Console ( RB )• Telnet ( IP Address )• SSH ( IP Address )• HTTP / webbox ( IP Address )• Winbox ( Interface )• FTP ( IP Address )• Mac-Telnet ( Interface )
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Winbox Loader
• Winbox is able toconnect via IP orMAC addresses
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Winbox
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Contoh Webbox
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License Management
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Melihat Lisensi
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Menggunakan Terminal
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Command Interface (CLI)• For the first time log on as ‘admin’, no password.• Once logged in, press [?] to see the all
commands at the current menu level– [admin@router] > [?]
• Press [Tab] twice and you will see a short list of the available commands– [admin@router] > ip [Tab][Tab]
• You can use these commands in any level– [admin@router] > ip address [?]– [admin@router] > ip address print [Enter]
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Using CLI : Console Completion• Commands and arguments don't have to be
completely typed, hit [Tab] to complete the typing:– [admin@router] > ip add[Tab]– [admin@router] > ip address
• If single [Tab] doesn’t work, hit it twice to see available options– [admin@router] > i[Tab][Tab]
import interface ip– [admin@router] > in[Tab]– [admin@router] > interface
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Using CLI : Navigation• You can go step-by-step down into menus:
– [admin@router] > ip [Enter]– [admin@router] ip > address [Enter]– [admin@router] ip address> print [Enter]
• Use “..” to go one level up in the menu tree– [admin@router] ip address> .. [Enter]– [admin@router] ip > .. [Enter]– [admin@router] >
• Use [/] to go up to the root level– [admin@router] ip address> /– [admin@router] >
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Print’ and ‘Monitor’• ‘print’ is one of the most often used commands
in the CLI. It prints a list of items, and can be issued with a number of arguments, e.g.,– print status,– print interval=2s,– print without-paging, etc.
• Use ‘print ?’ to see the available arguments• ‘monitor’ continuously shows status of items
– ‘/in et monitor ether2’
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Add', 'Set' and 'Remove
• Use the 'add' command to create additional items, you can specify a set of options for this new item in a particular menu.
• You can change some options for already existing items by using the 'set' command
• Or you can delete items by using the 'remove‘ command
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Undo' and 'Redo
• To revert to a previous configuration state, use the '/undo' command– [admin@router] > /undo
• To repeat the last undone action, enter the '/redo‘ command– [admin@router] > /redo
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Users
• You must make your own user with a secure password and get rid of the default user 'admin' (but not in this class )
• You can create and assign a specific profile for a specific user
• You can allow specific users to log in only from allowed IP addresses
• You can view active users
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Winbox: Users
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Winbox: User Groups
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Package Management
• You can enable and disable software packages to achieve necessary set of RouterOS functions
• You can install and uninstall software packages to free up disk space
• To have all latest functionality, upgrade your router to the latest version of RouterOS
• You can also downgrade.
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Drag'n'Drop
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Winbox: Package
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Clock Settings
• To get correct logging or graphing data you must set correct time on the router
• Boards without a BIOS battery will lose time settings in case of power failure, to avoid that you must use the NTP client
• NTP stands for Network Time Protocol – a network service, that allows to synchronize time with a remote server
• NTP server example: time.nist.gov
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Winbox: Clock Settings
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Import and Export• You can export all the configuration from a
specific menu to an editable script file:– [nico@router] > /export file=all– [nico@router] > /ip address export file=address– files will be stored on the router
• You can import script files– [nico@router] > /import file=all– [nico@router] > /import file=address– Files must be on the router
• Script file is a plain text file which contains CLI• commands
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System Backup
• Note:You cannot export passwords• You can backup all the configuration using
the “backup” button in the winbox “files”menu
• You can restore backups using the “restore button in the winbox “files” menu
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Backup file konfigurasi : File tab Backup
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Backup Router : Tarik file/copy file kemudian dipaste di winbox dan reboot
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MAC-telnet and MAC-winbox
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Neighbour Viewer
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Interface Traffic Monitor
• Open up interface menu in WinBox to see tx/rx rates per interface
• Open up any interface and select the “Traffic” tab to see the graphs
• Use the “monitor-traffic” command in terminal to get the traffic data per one or more interfaces, for example:– /interface monitor-traffic ether1– /interface monitor-traffic ether1,ether2,ether3
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Interface Traffic Monitor
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Torch Tool• Torch tool offers more detailed actual
traffic report for the interface• It's easier to use the torch in WinBox:
– Go to “Tools” > “Torch”– Select an interface to monitor and click “Start”– Use “Stop” and “Start” to freeze/continue– Refine the output by selecting protocol and
port– Double-click on specific IP address to fill in
the Src. Or. Dst. Address Field (0.0.0.0/0 is for any address)
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Torch Tools
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Reset System Konfigurasi
• Klik New Terminal • [nico@router] > system reset• Do you want system reset (y/N )• Ketik Y enter• Reboot router