Modification of the Gas Outlet Structure on the Spouted Bed With Inner Draft-tube

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    M O D IFIC A T IO N O F TH E G A S O U T L ET ST R U C T U R E O N T H E

    SPO U TED BE D W ITH IN N ER D R A FT TU B E

    Hiro tsugu HATTORI Atsu ro K OBAY ASHI Iw ao AIBA and Tetsuya K ODA

    D e p a r tm e n t o f C h e m ic a l E n g in e e ri n g S h in s h u U n iv e r s i t y V e d a 3 8 6

    K e y W o rd s: C h em ic al R e ac to r S po ute d B e d M o dif ic at io n D ra ft T u b e G a s O u t le t

    T h e s id e - o u t le t s p o u te d b ed w i th i n n e r d r a f t - tu b e

    h a s m a n y a d v an t a g e o u s c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . O n e o f t h e m

      t h a t a l l o f th e g a s p e r c o l a te s t h r o u g h th e a n nu la r

    d e n se b ed a n d su c h a f lo w p a tte rn o f g a s g iv e s h ig h

    e f f i c i e n c y o f g a s s o l i d c o n ta c t . T h e s i d e o u t l e t s p o u t e d

    b e d w i t h i n n e r

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    v e r s i o n s

    in th e

    f i r s t - o r d e r

    s o lid - c a ta ly ze d re a c tio n .4

    A n o th e r is th e p o s s ib il ity o f th e u s e o f re la tiv e ly f in e

    s o l i d p a r t i c l e s . 1 } H o w e v e r t h e s i d e o u t l e t s p o u t e d b e d

    w i th in n e r d r a f t - tu b e a ls o h a s s o m e d i s a d v a n t a g e o u s

    c h a r a c te r is t ic s . T h e m o s t s e r io u s o n e l ie s in th e s t r u c -

    t u r e o f th e g a s o u t l e t . F in e s c r e e n s a r e u s u a l ly p u t o n

    th e g as o u tl e t o p en in g s o f th e s id e - o ut l e t s p ou te d b e d s

    p re v io u s ly p ro p o s e d .2 ~ 4 S u c h a s tr u c tu r e o f th e g a s

    o u t l e t c a u s e s p l u g g i n g o f s o l i d p a r t i c l e s w hen fin e

    p a r t i c l e s o r f r i a b l e p a r t i c l e s a r e s p o u t e d . T h i s i s a n

    im p o r t a n t p r o b le m a n d s h o u ld b e s o lv e d in o rd e r to

    a p p ly th e s id e - o u t le t s p o u te d b ed w ith in n e r d r a f t -

    t u b e

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    p lu g gin g d oe s n o t o c c u r . H o w e v e r t h e a t ta c h m en t o f

    a s t a t i o n a r y s o l i d b e d is n o t n e c e s s a r i l y a d e s i r a b le

    m eth o d . T h e r e a s o n i s a s f o l lo w s . T h e m os t im po r t a n t

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    c h a r a c te r i s t i c f r o m th e m od i f i e d s p o u te d b e d . F ro m

    t h i s p o in t o f v i e w w e h a v e a g a in a t t e m p te d to m o d i f y

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    I n t h i s p a p e r t h e n e w s t r u c t u r e o f t h e g a s o u t l e t o f

    t h e s p o u t e d b ed i s p r o p o s e d . T h i s s t r u c t u r e r e q u i r e s

    t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f n e i t h e r s c r e e n n o r s t a t i o n a r y s o l i d

    b e d o n th e g a s o u t l e t

    o p e n i n g s .

    A l l th e p ar tic le s

    c ir c u l a te w i t h in t h e a p p a r a tu s .

    R e c e i v e d F e b r u a r y

    1 6

    1 9 8 3 .

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    1 . A N ew S tr u c t u r e o f G a s O u t le t

    T h e m o d if i e d s t r u c t u r e o f t h e g a s o u t le t i s s h o w n in

    F ig . 1 . A s c a n b e s e e n th e r e i n t h e c o lu m n w a l l i s

    s e p a r a t e d i n t o tw o p a r t s : t h e u p p e r c o lu m n a n d t h e

    l o w e r o n e . T h e d ia m ete r o f th e lo w e r c o lu m n is la rg e r

    t h a n th a t o f th e u p p e r c o lu m n a n d t h e r e i s a s l i g h t

    o v e r l a p b e tw e en th e tw o c o lu m n s .

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    and a su ffic ient

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    h a v i o r b e g i n s . T h e s p o u t i s f o r m e d i n t h e i n n e r d r a f t

    t u b e a n d a n a n n u la r b ed i s f o r m ed in th e s u r r o u n d -

    i n g s o f th e s p o u t . I n th i s s t r u c tu r e tw o s t a g e s o f th e

    b e d

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    s h o w n in F ig . 1 . T h e u p p e r s u r f a c e is f o rm ed a ro u n d

    t h e t o p o f t h e i n n e r d r a f t t u b e a n d t h e l o w e r s u r f a c e i s

    f o rmed

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    s c r e e n is a t ta c h e d a s s h o w n in F ig . 1 .

    T h e m ot io n o f s o l id p a r t i c le s i s a l s o s h o w n in F ig .

    1 . T he y a r e c a r r ie d u p w ard in th e in n e r d ra f t- tu b e a n d

    f a l l o n t o th e above ment ioned upper s u r f a c e . T h en

    th e y m ov e s lo w ly d o w n w a r d in th e a n n u la r b ed . I t i s

    o b s e r v e d t h a t t h e s o l i d p a r t i c l e s f l o w r a d i a l l y f r o m t h e

    i n s id e o f th e u p p e r c o lu m n w a l l t o th e b ed s u r f a c e o f

    t h e l o w e r c o l u m n p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e p a r t j u s t b e l o w

    th e e n d o f th e u p p e r c o lu m n . A f te r r e a c h in g th e l o w e r

    s u r f a c e t h e s e p a r t i c l e s m o v e d o w n w a r d

    a l o n g t h e

    lo w e r c o lu m n w a l l r e c e iv in g a f r i c t io n a l f o r c e c a u s e d

    b y t h e p a r t i c l e s m o v i n g t h r o u g h t h e i n n e r p a r t o f t h e

    b ed . T h e a m o u n t o f p a r t i c le s r e a c h in g th e lo w e r

    su r f a c e i s a lw a y s th e s a m e a s th a t o f p a r t ic le s le a v in g

    t h e s a m e s u r f a ce . T h e re fo re t h e l o w e r s u rf a ce o f th e

    a n n u la r b ed is k ep t a t a c o n s ta n t le v e l .

    F ig u re 2 s h o w s th e p re s s u re d is t r ib u t io n a n d th e g a s

    s t r e a m l i n e s in th e a n n u l a r b e d . T h e g a s s tr e am l in e s

    a r e d r a w n in s u c h a w a y t h a t th e v o lu m e t r ic f lo w r a te

    o f th e g a s p a s s in g th ro u g h e a c h s tre a m tu b e b etw e e n

    tw o

    a dj a ce nt s t r e am l in es is

    o n e - t e n t h o f a l l t h e g a s

    pe r c o l a t i n g t h r o u g h th e annulus .

    N o u nd es i ra ble

    c h a ra c te r i s t ic s c a n b e fo u n d in th e g a s f lo w p a tte rn .

    T h e s e r e s u l t s w e r e o b ta in e d b y u s in g s p h e r i c a l g l a s s

    p a r t i c l e s o f 1 .8 m ma v e r a g e d i a m e t e r a n d a i r a t r o o m

    J O U R N A L

    O F C H E M I C A L

    E N G I N E E R I N G

    O F J A P A N

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    F i g . 1 . M o d i f i e d s t r u c t u r e o f g a s o u t l e t .

    F ig . 2 . P r e s s u r e d i s t r i b u t i o n a n d a i r s t r e a m l i n e s i n a n n u l a r

    b e d .

    t e m p e r a t u re . P h y s i c a l p ro p e r t i e s o f t h e s e p a r t i c l e s a r e

    s h o w n i n T a b l e 1 .

    T a b l e 1 . P h y s i c a l p r o p e r t i e s o f s o l i d p a r t i c l e s

    G la s s b e a d s s p e c i f i c g r a v i t y = 2 . 5

    rp verage diameter Terminal velocity

    Tylermesh 7 r /

    mm ms]

     9 1 0 1 . 8 1 0 . 5

    C o n c l u s i o n

    A m od if ied s tru c tu re o f th e ga s ou tle t o f th e

    s p o u te d b e d w i t h i n n e r d ra f t - t u b e w a s d e v e l o p e d a n d

    t h e g a s s t r e a m l i n e s i n t h e b e d w e r e m e a s u r e d . T h e

    new

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    o p e n i n g s . I t w as fo und t h a t t h e

    p r o b l e m

    o f t h e

    p l u g g i n g o f s o l i d p a r t i c l e s c a n b e a v o i d e d w i t h o u t

    p r e v e n t i n g c i r c u l a t i o n o f t h e p a r t i c l e s i n t h e v e s s e l .

    A c k n o w l e d g m e n t

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    1 4 , 4 6 2 1 9 8 1 .

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