MODERN TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE THE VASE LIFE OF ROSES

MODERN TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE THE VASE LIFE OF ROSES

Introduction to rosesImportance of rosesWhy we need to enhance the vase life of roses?Most practiced way to enhance the vase life of roses.Modern techniques to enhance vase life of cut roses.

1 ConditioningTo restore turgidityCan be done in darkDe mineralized water+ germicide+ citric acid (pH of 4.5-5)For roses 500 ppm citric acid in cold storage at 0-1 degrees overnight serve the purpose

Conditioning..

2 PulsingPerformed at a temp of 20-25 degrees at light intensity of 2000 lux.Sucrose concentration is imp here.Extend vase life, promote opening of petals improve size of petals, increase size of petals.Suitable for flowers intended for LDT or Long storage.

For Rose Sucrose 4-6% -12 hours Sucrose 3% -18-24 hours STS 0.5mM -45 minutes SADH 500ppm -8 hours Calcium chloride 1% - 20 hours Maleic Hydrazide 0.5% -8 hours Silver Nitrate 1mM -15 minutes AOA 10mM- 45 minutes

Pulsing.

3 Impregnation Hi concentration of Silver nitrate or nickel chloride or cobalt chloride for 10-15 minutes is used.Improves the longitivity.Important while using silver chloride.Protect from microbial blockage.Nickel sulphate 10mM for 20 minutes is found best for roses.

4 Bud openingReduces the sensitivity to extreme temperature, low humidity and ethylene, save space during shipment extend storage period, improve opening size and color and reduce damage due to adverse climate in field.Low conc of sugar is used for this purpose.High dose of sugar damage the flower.High humidity is needed.

For Rose 8-HQC(300 ppm)+ sucrose 2% STS0.2mM+8-HQC(300 ppm)+sucrose 2% AgNo3 50 ppm+ 8-HQC(200 ppm)+ sucrose 2% etc are recommended for bud opening of rose.

5 Vase solutionsSolution should contain CHOS, germicides, ethylene inhibitors, GRS, mineral salts, Organic acids.CHOS -Sucrose, Dextrose - 2-6%Germicides -8HQS, 8HQC, TBZ etc.GRS -BA, IAA,GA3,ABA etcGRetS -SADH,CCC etcGinhiS -MH

Mineral salts -Silver nitrate, STS, KCL etcAnti transpirants -ASA etcOrganic acids -CA, BA etcEthylene inhibitors -AVG, MVG, AOA

6 Gamma radiationLongitivity is variable, negative, positive.In rose var Raktagandha 2.5-10 K rad -improved opening 25-100 K rad -Improved life of flower.Rakthagandha>Super star>Angelique(Vase life)

7 StorageCOLD STORAGE a)Wet storage b)Cold Storage-Temperature are crop specific. Temperate flowers-0-1 degrees. Subtropical Flowers-4-7 degree. Tropical flowers-7-15 degrees.

-For Roses Dry storage -0-5.3 degree centigrade. -Stored up to two weeks. Wet storage - 0.5-3 degrees centigrade. -Stored up to 4-5 days.

Wet storage of roses.

Controlled Atmospheric Storage - Gas tight cool chambers with high level of carbon dioxide and low oxygen is used. -Carbon dioxide scrubbers. Oxygen generators are also used. -For flowers carbon dioxide concentration greater than 4% and not less than 0.4% should be used. -For roses carbon dioxide@5-10%, oxygen@1-3%, temp@0degree centigrade's extend shelf life up to 20-30 days.

Low pressure storage. -Reduced pressure, low temperature and cool moist air are used. -LPS reduce internal oxygen, ethylene etc -40-50mm Hg pressure is used in flowers. -In roses vase life is extended up to 56 days.

8 PackagingGeneral trend followed in India.CFB boxes should be used.For roses stem length should be 30-110 cm.Standard box size in USA is51 cm width, 30 cm height, and 102,122,132 cm length.Some packaging boxes in trade are 90*43*15 cm, 80*50*23 cm, 120*50*30cm and 120*60*30 cm.

Vents should be provided on either sides.Polythene foil can be used to wrap.Ethylene scrubbers should be used in boxes.

A post harvest unit of rose..

Roses packed in CFB.

Careful packaging of roses.

Large scale packaging of roses

Packing of rose bundles in to boxes

Cushioning without damage to buds

Specification of CFB..

CFB BOXES AFTER PACKING

9 TransportationFor LDT all above said operations are to be followed.Insulated trucks with out refrigeration for short distance less than 20 hours can be used.For Long distance more than 20-24 hours refrigerated vans should be used.Air shipment is quickest method.Precooling and pulsing is must for air shipment.

Transport of roses in India.

Transport in refrigerated vans..

Transport in freight

10 MarketingFlowers transported under ambient conditions are immediately un packed and kept in water or preservatives.Flowers transported in low temperature are placed in cold rooms at 5-10 degrees for 12-24 hours. Stems are cut in water if needed.They should be graded.

International flower auction centre Bangalore..

Roses in IFAC Bangalore.

Flowers kept for local marketing.

Flowers kept for local marketing.

THANQ ALL FOR UR PATIENCE.