Modern Dutch Artists

Modern Dutch ArtistsAuthor(s): Harry WilliamsonSource: Modern Art, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Winter, 1893)Published by:Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25609786 .

Accessed: 14/05/2014 00:05

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 91.229.248.148 on Wed, 14 May 2014 00:05:52 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

http://www.jstor.org/stable/25609786?origin=JSTOR-pdf

http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp


.? ... . I-. I'. .. -. ..;...,. '... .'. - -,-? -7., . ,- -k.... 1-1i.., ..--,v*'.."."";" . ,. . , ?Z, ,- .1.4": _.'?.. . _- . ....... 1, - .- - , -- P -)-- -, i,:.? .? ,I

,.... -I -.-I.. ?. '. ., .. ,,.,, , ,." - V,. ?MW?.-i?,,,*I-?i-), '. ;4., ", -(?',o4 0,,.j,,:t,;- ..-I...".,.

..1. I ...??., -1, ?'- % ?.,.,',-; e .., ". ? ?'-.,,' ,-,.,-??'-.-? I. -- .., ,?W?N4N. 1?; 1, -L',-i-W'-t, - ?L, . ,,I?-., . .) . , '. - -.

- -. - 1. ., -1,;. t-, " ;4 - , _-" 1. ,.4 ??,Z,l -t.4"A'.% "; 1", , ,!. , ;: , .,., --

-.. .-- .?5,?.., ;Y. i.IA .. 7,-.... ??. , I - -.

I...- I I '), - '"A. P., I . '! ?o._a.. '. . :. ," " : .,...,,- -'M_ I I ?., , -, - ;-. I I.- ..

.-.,.,; 0?-..., ..??, 7'. " ,r-lf --`_ ,j)-. .-, -. . .-?,.-.,

-,V. tt ? . .4111,; ? , -4?, . , ,, -

?. . I t. I-,. I..

'i"... 11?.,.-I' J ..,.1 ._ " .. -,,, ."..,W-..

.I , ?.-,?..._.,. -4. .?, ,,, ,.,:,A: %

.. ., ". ',.i., Ik,--;j1_.".,,? .. ,,...

..I. ':,.' - - "...., -. ?;.. ?,;,,--tt,.P,;,t.,',I.'-',.iA.' I ..1 ? , ,,I,r I.,

?' It "..!, ?74 .'.,A" ?, i;- ? e ...', .; . .,t-iN5 - -, , "?...,. 1.". - - ..

I....,-?.-...A...,i?, YII. ... "11.,'N...,..)" ". I? .,. ,j,,-_-.,?1,4?. ,I,,,.'- -- ?.` ,.? -, ?,? -,,- - -, ?,:?-,

.E - 7?"-,t.? - ?.j-,, '.?v-,,

.. ..,,,1.-% .. .. ,. '?'...I-.", ,- - ,-.,?L"1V . .,).Y -?,,?,

.. I". . .. ...,-I -.-T 1" - Po.wC.".. i. V101'.. iy.- i 1 0- - -, .1. " ?-;?,,, -. ..,I..,... , ..., '. ;X, 1?, - ?" -".-,:-? 4;-?- ?, ),-'- . (,-.1,7?. le, . ;,t, f.. ..? . . ., "- -, , - ". ? ."'..I.: Lu.:.

"I ,t. .1.-. '. -.?,.. . -f

":.,1, ?.,.,-.- ," S.1". .,. - t, , -`?",.X k".

.;'j - , k. - .,.. 1- ,-? ..,,, 1. . & ;-,;4,??._ V, Ii., -.1 A I -? ,.

,? , --- - ,? - , ;. ?,- .. - -.F - -?:,.., -i,c...-,- ", A.., .. . NC . . .i.I-..,, ..,,"'C"k.19 .. . . I.i:- -_7f.,...- IW .0.,. _,.", :.

-. ,-,;:.4 ,--? ? - 1 IC !1. ? '..,r, .?-v - -,"?, P. .6.1- -,--" ,,,.j ... - - " .,. ..,-. -.?, .-,,-,,,;,,. I`? ., .-Z- It

.--".-... ?.-- .. ,7. . :?,?": -,.." - ?',7:.'.?. ?. ?'A t ".1, . '' ."

.I., . ..,?i%).x ;-i, - -??

I,..I,.,r,,? I -;?: ,Z? _., ?'?-r,.1-,,4! . i....

I. ,,.,1?.? -..?. ,,, II" I "..,,"', V?- ,k- .,: ,.11

,,. .," wh,'.,.?. ." Al.",)t,iI i.-,..

..I., .I-., . ...,... - ,,.. ?', "A." - 44 '. . , '..,.I. ..( .., ?,',. .. .-,_,?,jl-.?"- 1,.?f',i..v , , ? ?.?..__,

..,,'.."I I - - .,-,?;?- - : ?., ... '. ., .1,;6,. "-.. ?.. , .?

-j'..1,., ;,. .." ,. - ),?- .";,; ,!,?...-,?, -1 '. . 1,111.i

;tt".. - ,'?t,;,"4- I .1i , ?. QI I.4. ;? ,,?,' "..t.'-wi, -,-? j %-,'. ?'t ..,,1.

,..---. .. . .'-.01" - ?, : f", " -P' , -.1,I ?. .!, 1, . . ;-?.- " - 1.Z 1. ...

-.,"- 'I"-, I .- " 1 1. ".. - I.., I - '...,--I'. - '? 7,.'.

-.: ?.,,`t.- .N,-,- -, , ?) - q . "", "". `-,".4, -.:. f.,-,?, , ._!, .,.. .

".. J ? ? .1 f' .. "!., " . ., ? 111?1 'I.' f1, . . ?,.:O- -!? ,". ,1?1,

..,,4!`? - " .'. I ..-,,?- , - -,,?, .,3.I..'.

.--- t-,'-,?,... I;.4

...11 ?,.-,"V, --,-, ?..--!-.. ?'-. !" - ; ,,,,? ,,, ,.

.......-,. ", ?? ???.1. . , , ?..-_?,, '.,,?.. , -`- - ,, -. 'X-i.- .1,?..

",,?'.!r,? I"" 't,"" , "I?i 'I, "- - - -

.-I-,.... 11 .", ,.,,1. .,,I.,;- ..o,.-,,l ,? -,'/? -, ;v ..,1'':

-- ,?..-":!-? -,'-.-,.-.-,,_-? ." . ".., ..!?.x?-k.!? ,.,,, 't - , 'T.04"), " .-,,,If

.'... .?!, ,.. ,,, ?.-,?, - ..

:--I--I,.r,.? '.., - . . , , :. -,- '.. -1. . ,4; ...--.1.r.

:.?,..,.. ....?- ;t.. -!. !. -, '... i,",1, ?.. ,V.N-, j, --k( .5

....?..,?? ." ,.. "V,! z, ,.... I , -' . ..". I .I,,?. ." ,-.,".2 _.:77. . .., ,:

. ,.t . ..? I ?) ... I I...., ?1. , -(, .. ? , '. .?'.. , .- ,,-F -i -, .1 ..." ru-` -.-. '. A. ;.:; '. i ,.. ,--;

..-'. ,f - - , #,;;, -t!.'-,`-

, "',",?". ... -, ,- .., 1, _?',

....I.."..,;.. "... - - ."r.III. .f, , ,,,, ,,--J,I- 4, ,,? I. I kpo' -,-,

....;, ?.,.,-?! -.". - --1.,. ,.....-1 N, _ -. !, f___1 ". I . "'?-. Ij. ?`."-.??.!. ,a '. L, ? 4 ", ." ., ?N .1--?.-t? --..A ,?- . . ..

..I- -, ", . ,1 - s i ... I,... % , . I. . -...'' '.,,o,?'i,?- ,,,, .. Ax?. '. - I"i.,, ,.. ,'...,.,. . "..,, ". .0 V ". .1) -q-,,?"440 'Y'?.--?(?, .. ,? - ".. --1.-*,.,'. ..?.,. ... 1

...:. -..,,; I.. ,.,,.. J, j".1 .... I.,n..,I;,,r__.I..,.-.. .4..II.,,..t..

II""'.. -? - .-I "t -.e-'a f, ,4, itp" ? ,.# 'A? "v -- -, ..), 1- -,' -, ? .',? -- '. ... " .....,... - .,..,. - 'r -- . ? I - - - '. t, '..-,. '. "k.'r. ", .. ., , I , -?11.. ,

...)j.,:?'. - '.....,., -) .. ,-_ %. .."..." ., i. "... -, -1. - .. -, ,-?-,? .1"', '!-,:1?1.. ... ?, .ka -i;y1'-"%,7fj-,V'1:; 'F4

..I-.....-.,-?- -IVt? , -4?!.:.: .-, ?' . .?, ,,!..

;, . ., ? ,?..I,-" .;I,,.... ..?-..i,."" ...I

......, "-."-4 , ."..11I'. "O;_ ;,..,"-,--."-.."-??q, -, ..f. ?, .. f., ... .... .1., ,..4?

- -'-' I' 'Y's f. ,;, 14,-", -4, .,,-?-,. ,,t? "'. ,,?.-,- .,., .7, ?.

I.I..,.;.: !.:" 'q, ?!.A I ,?_ - ".,?.;;..,--?..1.

7.......,,4 - I-- 1, ?..,? ?. ?%q-!,f-.i-";.,%'qs;,,,- ....,?!, :,...',? .. --? ...

...-..,I.. ,-.? .j:, . .-, .,r,

II.. .1 - .1,-.1,"-_t-l... ./.-..-,?. , iAlil, -.t- , i-. _,, .1-... ?j , f.? .. ?': ... , ?!, "- -- -, k,

-?,_" .?. , J . k4 . ; -.,;z;"; ..:", f,.-,,?, -,...,.. ,I . '. .,.)I'.. .1... .. . 4"

"...,,,,,.: "1,--k.,. ", ,?S,kt , -,. ,IJ, -If ,,"-4 A., ,.,.,I .4 i,? ??.'kie !1i ;-"Ii? ,.k

...I.. .",:__,11 -_1_ I ??,..e ;j?_JlI,. ?."1, ,. t,,?% :

.,.1.I..".I'I,."..... . -..:. ,.,f.._.;'1-c.,,I

., ,- ,%-- (, -:, q, ". ..Ia, il ".. ;.,4.r,.1-I- - " k..r,:, , ,-P,., ,( ;?? k,,? '/ "..,;,) ,,?--",

?".",i1-1,...'TI,,..."... _.

,, - ,,-,? -4;",,'. 'T "', .. - Ii :..,

...!,. ", ..--j,-.'I;.!- .. ." ? % ? .! .,.,. -,- .. .... o--.. I., ! 41 ",.,-,,I .'. .1IJ,P ,., , ... 7. 4.'? , ,. ',-"..-'i

." ., ,.Ir -,. . .- ..! . ,".II.... .1 ?.- . II 1?1 I .,

i- "...;.,- I? .1 :.?.- f- '. , , ".1; .,? ?1. ?,. '. - .i ?C., f"rk.

.-- - , .. . ,\t-.14 1.

:., ,--,.I -t ,?-',.,,; - I.,.,? .). , ?, ? -,? ,.V, 'Z., J-,,?

.i.,...JI-?...'A

, .-, ...

...

.,I....'?' '..;k?:..I,";. . .1.4,... I ;'t,,.11., ,i:. ,, I,.?, .. ", - 0-%7". '. ": .1 . 1,.1. t.: I '.." !- 'i 1 ?-, .i. -q- -,,C?,- :,v,.. '.. , .. -, ? ?.:,

... .'.,,I'll-I,,i, ., . ,'.:i_,

.:;,,-.I. ,'..t

,:II.,,--t". ""--,?:,,,,,-,?; ,-,,, ?',,,, '. ,.?.,,,,..:A

..

..I

. .,i-.. ,., ? I,..,.....- -,A,".

.... ..,...11 ?-,, .;,'! ?, f -,

I.., 711.1-:44e 'i ?- . .1 , ..;,,, - ,?. ., - ., -. ? '!. .'il ?14`.-'t1.1 .i,"... ?'...." '.

.. ,.,,, 'Aq ,,i 'o I .. ,I..,.. , .. ....1?.,?1.t.-'---t ,.-?-- ,. -, ; 1,.'. `.,??!- - -4:4,.,,

......,,--i,,.....?,-,??. :'- 't,. ;.".i. u'---'1;,f?.",_-, ,I'k. .." . .1 it.".. -'. .1 " , ;

?1 ..,,I ,,k",'I ", ?I .%.?,,,,-, I' t, I.',.., II

I..-.-,? .. .,,- -1, 'j,

I.....I-"-II ,.Q!, c-iI;J. -- .. -. .:. ..

-.I..?t7-".-? ." 11:'i ,-,-,?l "I, ? ., I

,, .? ." iI,li ,. Y". ,V.- - -:, ?N ., .,t , ?,? 1'.!.: ", ! ,; . '.?',, '; - 14 ,",

.I..,.",. i."-. .... ., . ,?,,? .,.11".. '.1 ?

$:..,?,-, .. , ,-".v .. ,..-?_` V??;,J,,:,;-1 ,V., - I.."',., ?.,, . 4. - ? z-,..",?.. .,

,,,, -.. ,?-.!--:% 3'. I,, .;, ?.,.v ,-?,- '.. .4 ,.. . ? I?. , .11"I.ri

?).?ti..,?

.? It,. ,?.1.I.- -" , ?- --.,?. - ? -. .,I, ?? ?? ? .,.-, .?P,".I.?

.,; i,.1,,.?...?.

..:", . ..??? ,t

...:I I., . ,,:"I--,..,.I..? ;I?,....; f-'-Pi 1. 1, ,."j.: ,:-.1'. .- -;. - . ,.: ,,v , :,.%: A,?,?".; -'..

.-?',)-.. -!-,;--, . .i,4'I .. ,II-1 -, "V1,., ., -.- ?',:,

-_. 1....4. ...-- -..,., .'. , I.- ,- .. , '1'...

..-,,'..,." ?,- .. - , " ?.?-, .,-.'-'4 _,, "', !,.I,..?..,,Y,- .": - .. 4.,.i- -':. -" -,,4, ..".-...% ".. " !,.%-.

......? ,1. , ..,

4-I,,- -, .. . ,.,,:

.. .I-- -,- ... A , ?, I t,??- I : -ir, f - .4 -4- (-. ?. ,...;. , -, \k - ,. rl,',?;??,;?7 I ,-, P,?`;- - ?,-, - t.-f_? :: 'ri I ?.? .? ,

.i.I,.' "-. ., -, . -, ..'! 4 ?, ? ?--. .4 , ., .-,..,-'I 1, 1_:,? "Ir;,"

..';--i` 1?1N.?_R".;.v-,4_-;1-_".

....I...'. 1, ..i...I- :,rN-.' .,7... ;,.,

...,.'?i ""'t....-'Y ,-, I.

, 1.,.,...-?-,,to,t %, "," "--.- .' - 7-i". ..-:' "":'A4 ??,.

.?I..-I ,'- - -' "'--31' ..., ?---,; , ,:K ., ,

..- ?1- ''? ,-_,!'?i-t.-71k- tj -' 1: ?' ..

...I ,'.,:.?,-.. c',,,

.I-- --.-, ..,? ,,, "- i.,".,.-.--,,.--. ,?,

': ,, ... , ?" 1. -, I. .:?;.,), :.We ? 1-1., - I ", 11 ?." ) "') ";, . ?A, , - - , , "! -.-t?- "... ,.". ,..... '.- ". _, .-`."-I--(, "' '.

....I... ... ?? ..- ?'... ..,'- ,,W,, " ,..., .. I -,: ,-.-. - L-. .;?-J.i_ '..v,?; ':',? -?v .".., "s %

.I.-II...I.11 " -i- -, * "., ,? , ,). - %k. -' '.? - C-' ', -" ',-' ,, I ""A ?,', "t ',-,' &,'i ?' t`, ,.;& , ,to, ., ..,

I- ,,-,,,.;, 1".. O. -? I..! - -1V ..". ,.! . ?-,? ..,.):)-,j ! t., k .,--- ?;.I? ? - , - 1, . ?I--,,, - -, ,-,(.

,-1,,".-,,,,

.,.,., .- I ,,..,-.t. I-?- --?%., -'.--? -X,?-,?, '....'! ?.,-1 3i I?

, .,. .,?P- "".. . ". I I '. .. 1. 11,;f ",, . .,-,. .? :,,. , - ) ?? i, "." - I

.... I ", . ., - i.: ,J' , ?.?'?'k- ,:.-.." , ,I.?.?,i ..k?,, -.,) 1(!-I?- *1!?, ,.,4-,:??,??.' -,. ,-?- 4-,? , .,. ?1 .,; ?'._

.p.?li?-- 'v,I, Oi,.,.,.i.. - ?`. C.ti?I- ;. - ,Y..4. .1

,....; -,.I" I ...-?,? '. t ,:, p? ,A.,,-C II,I,--ti "'., -, " - % . _? - '. 1?,,,-!. ."... ,Y"!,

:: ,.1....,I,. ., I.-.'...,.. ...-..A - ?, ?!-. ,...'. , .- "', "-". I.?.'.,, .-";.. ,.. ., . --1-W "; " i. ,W ," , - -,, v t..-,. ., 4", . -. i,I ,. ,....II ,,": ",,I. . .-,,?,

...-.-,I .!I:.,,?. ".. -,..;. ,%,.. ". I.. ".. A .., .."_. - ... . ',?t -,O. ." p" . .-, ;.- ,:, ". ,,,;- ?`-,-," . ?.. . ,t,--,i-.

, ,

,.,,,,, ",,'...'N. (": '? .t,,..... ., .7.?j " 1k, ,i- - ?I -.,- ...,.- -,. .,. ,:_),?-?:-.

'. .. I ,,I ..?, - I,.,.,.,-...4?, .1

. ....,.,, ..,.. .,,, I.'.:," 4'1"__?*-;?;'7-' - ??- .1 ?? .. I f" -,,,? -..-.

,. .-.".4.3 -1 ,; r. ?,. ?'. iK 1, -1 .. . ", . ..,?> Y O,"O

,.. -

.1?.? '..."j,?-., .., V? '. . ",.", 1. .,. .'.. , t,,?

......;?'-? ,--,"-, .-..!:,.,. ..--'. .C" ..-.'.- '. t-,? -I...--1.",.

,1?4., 1'..,,- V. i?- (.1-'.1 ?'. tI,.? I "...",",?I)

.,..;. , '. .. ly,,

.?I ...?-.--., , ": ..,,".,;4 ,j-- --?,v ". ,. .,. "". -.4.. f , .... .. .q,...." .7?.. ,,, ?

,

...?,... ,.,O,.,.... .. I , .I"" ,,,? '. ..., .,A? .4 -, ,?.-1 .%; ."?11 r .,.,. '.I,-.?, " ? '. ,' -`.7', --I.-,,,,.

.....I... ...- --4.". ..?..,..?.f- .. Aq.-t(-,- A, ,,C.. , ,-..., .... "...

.. .?-I..I..:".-- .;? " ?- ,t.,..'. -,,-"),..,4 -P: . .?If, :.' .1 :,',,',,-.,,. -

. . ... J t. I .. . . . -- ; , ? .I- ." , ,

,.I-! .`-, ..--,... ...?, - ?- ... :r, ".. -' -. -.-, ",.

..I.11 --.......-..,'.. .1i , ?, . -'??` ,?. 'i, -.!,?ti..,-,i,a: ?'.,-'?., -1 , -k "' 4- -.., "', ,i 1- '. ., i. '.., .?...;,

.I..-,.. ,. .II-., ? ."'.4".... -,,"-..., - .1,t.

...,; : ̀ ,-,."'?, S.. .?, I-, ." I, -. ? 11,- ? 7...v . ,, ? " .I ,-j. 1;'. -.,J, ? -J, ,?? (,,-i

.? I.... --il?I?e .-- - - ,-,, , ?, ....!.n..".. ,I ", ,., "; ? .. -- ,. -_.

..I...,I..."I.. .....- ". . . .4 ,, .O.-..- .1,-.?!,?;?'0..). _..... ,?t -, ,..i'-. I :; _,, . .W V, 0%.A, - :. i, ,"I.

I.,.: ,,,'t,,,, .". -I .'I 1. ,.-,,. -1,,,?: ir ,% , q t', ,% -V? LU.,4 4",,,,,..., '-., -? .- -, ,., .. -,

.? ... - .. .. ....? ..,, .... . "I-?,:..-. "? " "."... -. ,:,.

-,I,. I., ,?,.?

.I-. .." ..!I-,..-i ". ': ?.?;iiz???,;P'V,f; ". ...i,... ,q -i I " - .,, -, .6,,?:? ... ; ,I.

.I..,, , ..:. . I.'?i -.zz,,;-. -,:;,--". -.:Z?-,' -, .-.:. -.1- :J., ,-/,,:,?,i,..,'. - .!,. --. ,i-..; ?: i.., .-?,-? -- I .1- -, -N.... 4 ---?, - ; .i., - - -I I,It ,?

.,-,-;.-' `,'41,_ ", ?-..;,,- q, ,,_ .... .,.,..,..'4 &

I- ;_. ..Y., t'. - "t ?;,.".. ,?,!,,??, -I ,,,,, - .15-e..., -? - -.. " - -?'. .;?,, "

- LI?A. .!,.j e !?? . .'.A?'-?4i,.....?r ; , t

,..

...,.,-1? I -(?, " 1, , " "'...,-.,! ,g:,?,v?

..?...,;, - 1. ?,??- -, , , %,;,-?,--,.,-_?:4'_-. ";, - -i lz?, - 1. S ..I. .,

..I..4...-.,-.?4 .. _,?.,, 4 ,,,, ._, vl?', -. i!?,.' .. '. - -z.;..

..,.. ,-.-, .. .: t, r, ?. it. " ? - , ,;.?: - ?4 ,,?-;? _; -,-: 'A?_N,?o ? .,.

....,.:7......?"I .....'.I... .?t_ -.1 ?, - I.Z _1 .,. -K...".,;-.. i,?., -.,-, --.?.i,, -,-:.,?..,... ","-A- -J. ....; ?'.

.,..__ .;-,%.

I? .,.II ,., ... I ., . ,.,I..

?.1I,.,.,.I.

.,, .?.-7, 'i.., . 1,.,,,

.?...--..,.- ..-f.. :_.. -.?)..... .,

..,I --

.I.,.. (: ,. '.. - - ,

?I'. :,. I..:1 ?. 1.- "_., II...I.....'. ..

..t..

,... ....,?..:

?'. --_..- -I?- ..,,. ...

., ,1,..?.11 -I.-,?.

?.. I..%..

... ....'. , .... , .?I

. ...1.,- .... ".

..II.;. , "',??, :,:... ., ....,,,.'.II I

...I... I ?.. ..., ?_ .1

I."...,t.;?,,,..".?tt.

...1 ......I....I.-.. .-t

....-1 I";,., ,.?.I

.....v " -i-%- .,.-I ", ,..,.11.,..

..I- . I.'...II...!.. ,_. .,?.:. .,. ...i

....i?: , i?

.I... . ..?, - ,..'I -1..,, ;,.

. ,., -,II

..I,! ,?..

..I.?I-? ,. .I .I....,I.,....f..:: .". k.; ., --16

,_I.....,. .. .: ?...I

...!'.,.I

..".I,.....: I'.II, . ...I. .I... " .,,.

?,,,,. .-?'I..I...,,:1 v' ?..

.... ...;, ..

;..I,.,.'. 1. ". .."; 11.'71.,?tII

.-..,:..,.: . ..... - .. .. ;..i?... ??.i'!.

;..__,,

,. .,..r., ,i,%--?

.'JI. .I.I. .?.., ? .. '?,:,I.. ., .."..-". ".. ..", --? 1. "I-, i.- .i.." -.?'3.. 1.,. .-?c."

.-...- .:.?'!: - - .-I , .'.., f ... ., I ... ,.

.. ....;,-..,.",-.

I.,....,, ...--N - " ,.

... .I.......%, ..II :11 ...i!,,p.:- ? .:,.. . ??: , .

.?,,.... . ,.?,., - 'I ?.. "f"a, -I.1-1-, .. .. ... .. 'j ,-i

....!? , ,..., ". . . ? .11

....I-,--I., 4,:?..;. ;.. - ..,.- '. - 1. ,,, ? .%Z,

....,.... ..?7 :, ?1. .... I .?.

...I. ... I!,.? ".1 , "Li,

I- .... ....I.,,I;,,,!. .-, -, , - il""', -7'!-!

..I.I11.!.._:.. ...,.-i, ...-'',",.Mumm . ?. - ,- . .

.I.,*?,-*vx,ii

.'. . ,..

I...I-? -ZI

... ..i,..I '. .? '. .. , .. .? ? ",-I- I -Id ity-1I

I........,., , ,-.--- ;,Tp T' -- ? --,, .,.I Jt-?- I".

... .I..?,?;. . ..., ,- , .., ?. .. - -%?. ",,,..,.-, ,.. I'i . " ..".1i !?f? ?.?',I;t,i ..t.. ? -, ? .,,k.".I..I.:, , ., '.. . .. .-. - .".1- ,,,,,- W-t.

...I... 1 '', ik

.I

...11N,.

,,-.,

I .1 . , ..I . ..? . .%? -? '.,:? , , , .': " -?j.:- - -.,- .

,.--1 I.A

...-.......i.

.I,..,.,, . ,?'... '. , ....I--, "

...... .... -,.,..I vI,- -. ?,I .-.,.0 ..-I...?...:-- .--?. "., 1-?,- .,,.,-,.

...-,W-, :.4?-.-?.

,..,?"). --..,.-.." t : -k I., .1a.. ,

..,., , ..I. .--..I_I ..I..... .,.....:;.I._.-.0. .v.

.,,,,_. 1. ., 'C . 1_1 ._0 ..- -.,I..,

.?,.I.'..II ....?--IA,- :?. .. "S.

...;, "N....

I...."- T .:.:- -,?'?i.-,....,,.,.?_,._w;., ?..

.......,\, ,.0.-.v .?

,

.,-.-?l

?.- ?`-,;7?aT.,.,

......,'.,..1.-X.-,,C ?- ..1-4

; ". ?.I,'.-- 9-ti,'O,". -, '. ?,. .,k:-:1 .;j,-t;..,

I,,.... 4? 7, .4 .)-,

I,., ..;, ,, .,,.?t?q,,

v.-;,

." 1_1?__R__

.,i'.,, ,Mkia ?Z%1,; ,-. ,.1 I

: .. I ....,..i. ,?., _"i.:..,...,.

? ..''. Pi.l... -.,-'Z_,,...-,

-.........:t"'. -tI-t"?;"-..:??--.I.1.;V1-.-'. , I"I ,; ,_.1 .? .,.,.

.....-,. ?, ?, -, ,'.'-". 1! ., - -. .1 .,.?,,,;- " ,- . I -;,?jl , -1 17?,?..?-. ,.iI- .11,,'.' 0'141?;Y'"`.. .-.. ,.,.-. , ?J-j`.'.'.

.... ?. I.. I, .1. - ,,I . ?,4 , .. .. .? . -.0 i.1- - i7;h,.

".. ?, 1. .-.. - -..)-NPI ...Wz'?T'W.11-f,

t...1.4.., , ?, ..I.. . .1- ,

,,Z?,;,, t:." ? -..

I. ..1 -". - -L.... I? , ?j - , -.,,.

....,. ....I.!., .? ... ... .: I ."., 11."... .,,%.,

..I..,.

..

...,,

"' .. ;., ., :,...-;

I.... .. .! .. .?-., ..:-.,. 1,,

I..--,.... ., I., ....?.?, ? ...I? -,?

..: ,?: ," '....

..I..1..;..4.-,.. , ,. ,.. .. . .,? ... i. I...1. ;.I,'., " -, . - -, .,? ,, -:4

.... .,'-:..?

.-1.....t I"' "',-'.-,?'."?; -, I..--I..,..

.-. ,.I..J.,I

.I.1.?...I II - ?.I

i..I.;.? '..., .?? ..... .1. . -__,I, ',-,: "-?t'. - -, ..:f

. ".".. :t-,,.-I.. : I. ;- - $.- - i.- , , ;:

-_ .!1.,. :. .I, .,. ..i,v . - .. ,'.7.".?jz,;4I

.'..X -- -- -:.;? -. -.,- tzr?-!,?F-w %?,;:?.'?;-,7?..-J,11.7- - %... - i -.?M!?.'Z-?;T.,-'.'.j,--,.'r..,Wl',,411'e;-,,"?- -,_?---;'-"-1-- & ,; 11

.?. -1 -.1 .. ?......11.-,,..."41?1 frh; 1-1 , 7", '. ?, 3?3*'&_ - f. p -n - - -'PT, ,?-i-%,,---?,-., -, .? , ?%;, ..", , , - -!--f.- - 1'?-tFl;W, - " ..

,?,,..i...,_- 14", a4l...

....,,._..,- ,-.,- , " k" - --. ? -Tie-41:,Z; ? 1

?P.:-, `.r.ull"i),,?.? ..

., ". .., ..I,T..,,.'.,-"...: t, _?? 1'11_'1iV11!.11_.-111-_?1_;- .- -,

.I,-?-O . - ,'-;' -"-. -"-f -?f.,.,:,::...,.,.-.?.",.4-?.,,,?36.z4??"r..7,":,".,,.?.--

- -_ -'." -,-'r...

. .. .. .? .. "', "" .. ..I:, -, ..""",?. . .. . ,.?? ..'!'- .W:- ... , ?... - - 11- - - *,?? -.'? ,?,`! _-) ? .4:, . - . .. ,tl?.-.Z. I". .- ?,,. ,,.,. -?;

-. " , ,. - ?, - 4 "", ,?,`!?'e-.1:?Y-,`,V7, -, ,,-- - - .'. f_,?7-1-1. - I -x- .-'?-_1;.w11t-;_1_

I,''..1 ': ;- -., "-11 -41. ,...I ?t?

,..,!...?. .. ?? . -.- ,.1., ".... ,--"i?,= ,,_ _! ..; .1

..,..-._'.... .! ?:. ... .- -.- 4, ,. 13.. -- '.. , -, .,.I .:,. ,,.,, "; -,,'?1Yft1Z'f.'-. ?,.?,_- - --- .-y-k:., --- ,--??- , I -"-??---?

:, "....." .. , ...-.1-.." ., ?

.,.,..?., .. -?..., ?r2 '.-T.,; ? - .". - ,- v- - _,(-;.-1 .,,

'":..,?Z.?."N ? - .f,'? ",.-,,`q - ,-"-7?w

..-..? --.. .4..,..?...il?.---- -'. ?? .. ,- 'Z ,??

,- -.

II.?'. !,-.". .1 ., .1 ... I .--?.' , ",..: .. .. , "

..T. 7 -1 ...... . -. I.... :.-:?:014. :N - ... - 11- ,"t ,-,7?t - -j?

.. I..,....,t.;'..,.? ,-,.,i.,- ..1....,1.-,? ?.1 -, ,17 ,?,"..;...i., "jr.-.C-!%Aj??,?T? .0", .. -?. .,,P

I II,I., ': - ') . -.,. I.,?-F '..., .. .1.",-1 N_- z- '. ?? Me- - i I

.. ..,,."Vp . '! k,..j

II. . ..;1, . .1 . j., ...'.--I I. ..-. .?F

.---';?. ;;-".-, ,- *- -u;k?,."_.1q-.,:7:!-A4--- --.,: -- -ir,i.*:;,?-,, ,4- I ,,-It

. I........... ..I .". '.1.I. ...??-, ?,;?%.,:?, ..'%..17.rk, ': .. - . ..; , ,:?.,-. .-.. ._.- ,.-, t..-.,-,

.-,(.;?W- Im. M_% .:--46.

:.. .I ,f. ,,?, -"-.. -, , ,I..1.-41-j " '. -: ".; . ,,..-, I ":i;-I -:,. .1 _-,,- 'Y' 'A -,,-W?,

e:- ,?..t."'. :.,. ._.. ?ai.. ...:.?"'.:- ., -.1;,.. ?.. ?.? ,?. -,;. - .---. _-?I.. .. ... i,:,,?.:':',r7-'q.-.-. -.k.-N_`R -,fA-1?-".-,,

,.'--,..".i.- .i..I?....I .,.. ?.,

..1,?-,-1, ,- -; ;-?. .. .,..- ..:.I I.,?,.- I,,.---,

... I." ., :, 1.7, .W '-?'%ZC"".44--,-?-4.?.E??.??.--- ..

!"l-, , :." ..: t.;". .j.'t .'-1- . :. - I- ..". - -- -:. t-4 .,.,. -- -, ?%-?A- ?!?'?? .'. , - -, , " .-',. ". . - - Itto- --:-;C_-r--,I, .1;of1j o.i. ?-,.-..--... ..?. t.,-.t ,- .....,...,?;. ? , I- -," "iw- -_ ,, -

-,,,?' .: ?;--' --'- 4" '. `6?-t.

.:1 .1.,-i .. ??-_ .F - i?? . ,-t-i,

., !i. -.,-,; -1 ,-- - ..'.,

".."..-:-'.7,". ,,7(r:J;:-1d',

.I, _ ?,_r?.-....__ .-,. ....'j- 1?? ?? .'?;,-1v,:'!1?;'i'--Aj.?4 , .&PA., ,ON' W, ---

?1. " i4l ,,,? '..il'!?.. 1- 11 '. -?.,! --- i.-4:" - - --t,-.-.'-,., ".,,,?--%k!, ..Fop.

.,.1-_'!.1 .Z?, .?

,---:?-? i,?,WAW AA .qM L? t?

",.F.I,.? ... . .. ,-ha . f,,I.T

,.I...?,, ,,,, '-. ... ? ? .,?-',--?:._--, , ??-I."I

..?'. ".,., .. ,..?11.-r?w`"?%. ,-. -1. ... la .. I.. ...,?,-P.% .,-,?:.., - -I-'IF

.1.-,.-..", ?1? - . -o -'M .,

.:, ;.-.11w." .. ....,-..'I?..,)".411-.,-.:?"-. -?..'?r,4, .1, .. 5 -.7--l?l.',%"??l--."?".L?lvc.7.,--- -.;v .? k.

.--'.".....I,.:?I..?..- ,;??--;-'.,? -?,,( -j?:,: ;'L '. ? ?-'J

., ,.,-": , ,_? ??.

..I.. ,".?:.. ?4. ...;:--..", ,

.'.I.;-. ._.. 'r,

!_ , -'. -I.I.? ,'. ? :.! .,,,:'.',, ".": - .,. '..:I -....,



Josef Israels

MODERN DUTCH ARTISTS ODERN DUTCH ART is represented by the work of eight men of the first rank and a num

I .b - li/ | ber of excellent artists of less ability. Of course, there are many daubers, but not so many as in

most other countries. The eight men who stand for Dutch art are:

Israels, Neuhuys, Mettling, James Maris, Mauve, William Maris, Bosbo?m, Matthew Maris.

It is remarkable that while each of the eight is wholly dif ferent from the others, yet together they stand for one thing in art. There is something about the work of each to stamp it as Dutch; what that something -is it is difficult to say. Per haps it is a perfect sincerity. and truth, a total absence of clev erness and shallow prettiness. Whatever it is they all have it and that is true of no other nation's art. French and American art especially do not seem to be bound by any inward tie in this way. Scattering here and there\ in the field of art these de votees run after any butterfly they -see and there is no steady movement toward a great end.

Modern Dutch art is, on the contrary, the direct -natural de scendant of the old Dutch masters. They were content to paint what they saw about them, treating subjects like the "Descent from the Cross," or the "Transfiguration," with a truth to the effects of nature which Raphael and Murillo despised. Yet, what poor radiance is the heavenly light of Raphael's "Sistine Ma donna" compared with the golden splendor of the setting sun in Rembrandt's "Night Watch." So modern Dutch art finds its inspiration in the beauty of nature and in homely surroundings.

A peasant girl sitting in a perfectly simple, unstriking po sition, knitting, is subject enough for a life size painting by Israels. The light on her face and bare arms, the firm flesh and its

i-4

4.

C *.

V-4



tender color, are sufficient motives for painting -her. Israels is one of the few good painters who "tell a story." He paints many sad scenes from the life of the peasants and there is -a tender h,uma n feeling about his pictures that appeals to al-l' alike. The picture called "Nothing More," is a death-bed scene, where -the'sorrow of the single mourner is wonderfully expressed in his bent body.

In another, of children sailing a wooden.shoe in the, pools left by the tide on the'beach, there is much sympathy with chil4 life. The picture would appeal at once to a'ny lov'er of - children. But. the real greatness of Israels .is not in the .sentim,.ent at --all.* How often pictures as good as his, 'in sentiment -have, -been painted by nobodies and- how seldom ,has. ay one given- nature: as truly as he does. Israels islike Rembra.ndt in his 'byove of a rich dark background with the light of tender flesh, warm,' -and: luminous, coming out of it, all -wrap.ped in an atm,osphere. of its own. The dark interior of'a low-ceilinged peasant-house is still light enough to see into. There is no black; no. ,spot on.the canvas surface stops the eye.

Israels is generally considered the best Dutch figure .pai nter. But in some respects he is surpasse.d by Albert Neuhuys, a man, who originally copied him.

James Maris, the. eldest of three. ''-brothers,'. is, counted by many competent judges the greatest landscape 'painter -aliv,e. His landscapes are remarkable for, -power ,.-and -depth- f color. His color seems to balance back 'an'd 'forth from,warm to cOol and make such subtle tone gradations. as the sun, the source. of all color, does in nature.

Incidentally, his choice of subjects is so happy that even:`in :' reproduction his pictures are among the most. interesting.

William Maris, the youngest, -is known. as one of the best cattle painters living. He treats cattle as part of the landscape, which he paints almost as well as- his brother James.,

As they stand in the water of the canal' among the reeds' which grow along the dyke, the cows give interest -to the stretch

MODBRY .DUTC AR TISTS

Jam Man



MODERN DUTCH AR TISTS

By an art student from The Hague. Written in

December, 1890.

Anton Mauve

Bosboom

of low, flat country; the sun' sparkles like gold on the- cresses which lie on the water, and makes the black, white and red cows rich and full of color, while the broken touches of 'grass on the clods of dark purple earth of the dyke give a delicious fresh ness to the whole. William Maris is' a typical Dutch artist, and ,his life is not unlike that of all- the noted men who congregate at The Hague. I was often at his 'home and was impressed by his great simplicity and' happiness. There was a garden at the rear of his modest dwelling at Geestbruck-a suburb of The Hague-and in the evening he would sit there under a big tree and drink tea with his many guests, who dropped in any time and were always welcome. At the foot of the garden was -a small arm of one of the omnipresent canals, and on its bank was a pen filled with ducks and ducklings, which- Marns paints as no one else has ever done. The pure soft- white of the ol'd ,ones, and the downy yellow of the young were 'beautiful in the mass of green bank, overhanging will,ows, and their reflec tion in the clear, oily-looking water. William Maris is one of - the happiest of men. He is- loved by every one who knows him. The children in the neighborhood treat him as a father and his patience with them is unlimi'ted. It is this natural, happy life and entire devotion to art, the rule among Ithe Dutch, which makes Dutch art 'pre-eminent for naturalness and sincerity.

Anton Mauve is equal to the best painters of any country in modern times. He paints landscapes, cattle, sheep and figures equally well. He is entirely different from any other artist.'

Bosboom is another quite separate man- in 'art. No other modern painter of note attempts the subjects from which he paints such beautiful pictures. He paints almost exclusively cathedral interiors and his easy grasp of the great spaces and masses of wall enables him to give them interest in color, light, atmosphere and quality. And it is in the big masses only that the beauty lies for him. Figures are only accessory and very small. A

good many of the old painters attempted the same thing, but none

He was different from all others, but scores of imitators have

made his style common.



of them succeeded in getting rid of the evidence of labor in the difficult drawings and the' observer takes no pleasure Jintheir matter-of-fact elaboration of .the architecture. * Albert Neuhuys'is not .farr below the old Dutchmen'-who produced the art of the kitchen and pot-house which George Eliot describes so, well in "Middlemarch." Compared with-Is rael's, he has more decision and less feeling. His painting- is firm', free and usually -good in color. -

Mettling is one of the best 'living portrait, 'or rather, head painters, for his work is chiefly interesting as-subtle; coloristic flesh painting in light.and shade and. not as portraiture. His por traits may not be good -likenesses, but they are masterly in ;style and color and are much- sought for -by collectors in this count ry,. England and Scotland. - - , -

The man-whom some- regard as the greatestDutch artist, but who is the least understood -of all modern painters, is -Matthew Maris. He is one of three.remarkable: brothers,.al.l ia the first rank of art. In their youth th-ey, allstudied nature.in cmuch .the,; same way, working earnestly and-,-advancing step" bystep,?w.itlvno' attempt at smartness. : Matthew .was -a-child prodigy. I. saw two. pieces of still life painted ;'wwhen he was fourteen, which'Were equal to some of the best things of the kin,d inany -gallery. He went to England-where he still remains-and. deloped rapidly into- a landscape painter of great- originality and- ..strength No one ever painted the effects .' hei choset and no one ever got the blinding sunlight or grey mist as he did. -

But his genius has since led him into a.. very different '-,field. He seems to have- outgrown-his .Iove of nature's exterior and to have become immersed in -a sea of strange, weird, poetic fancy. He paints life size pictures of fauns, satyrs and- gods -in a dreamy gray mist which allows no decided form to.be.s'een, and. in .'con sequence he is sneered at by students and older. men who are set in their ideas, to say nothing of utter lack of .appreciation 'by the public.. But he.-spends great time and his best energy 'in

MODERN DUTCH ARTISTS

dAIbert Neuhuys

Mettling

M .

Matthew~~ Mars'



MODERN DUTCH AR TISTS

C

ConcGusion

producing these strange things, which have a wonderful -power of drawing the beholder back and compelling him to study them. He paints small classic heads surrounded by this same mysterfous atmosphere,. and landscapes -by moonlight wh-ich-are so unreal and fleeting as to -seem -at first only a confused- mist, but once you get into them, they have a grand feeling -of the immensity and silence of night. The stars are up so high- .and space is expressed so well- though so incomprehensibly,. that you feel the awe which nature inspires.

To an -outsider. his Work looks. careless and easily done. One picture' of a girl in a- white communion veil, wh'ich I saw: at Mes dag's house in- The Hague, looked so slight, in execution, even poorly drawn, that it was hard to believe he had worked at it a year, yet such was the case.

These are the. 'present representatives of Dutch;art. There are many very good painters' besides, who do not, however, de serve to be ranked with-them.

Mesdag has for years painted. marine subjects; off the Sche veningen coa-st .which-.are.- more thought of in Germany., England and America than in Holland. He is' a wealthy, retired merchant and. has. one of the finest. private. .collections of modern- pictures in Europpe, to which he addswith. all the money his own popular pictures. bring..

Tholen-is one--of the yo.unger men of great promise. He is already well known, in this country.- - Weisenbach is one of the best painters in water-colors. Kever is also a fine artist.

Artz is a very popular painter and is better than popular paint ers usually are. He is a prominent man of affairs among artists, usually being chairman of the Holland department in large exhi bitions. He 'is a very affable gentleman and has one of the finest studios in The Hague. '

The 'exception that proves- the rule in the matter of Dutch art is Kaemmerer, one of the most .widely. known -of contemporary artists. His pictures : are reproduced everywhere and .sent into

Almost no one understands him. Many think him deranged.



every city of civilization. He was born in- The' Hague but.has spent nearly all his life in Paris.- RHis style;' is the 'Frenchiest.-of the French. Fortuny was not more dazzlingin style- or treaient.

Alma-Tadema, the -popular English artist,. -is- also "a nAtre of Holland, but both of these men are entirely distinct froni-Dutch art. The first is in everything .but -.birth a: Frenchman and thhe second English, -and their faults are not to be laid at thdoor of the most artistic people, s *far. as painting is''-.concer in ancient or modern times.

HARRY vWILLIAMSOQN

"Our eyes are trained to sc.utiny. fro .hm ildh ;d. W.tW are all looking for holes in ..people-s's elbows, and0' -..'dust --on: thir' .ca

collars. It is the mean, rd ry w o looki a hu i-n nature. We who, aint! must not use our- eys so bec'alse t .'----theV

can be, so - I - u If the coat i gyl ; w n,

painted."

"Put in what you need to expruess-fhe- th hingl! E-vUer ;is beautiful! That's what's eothe'- matter! J n People w eud >s at-h e

beauty of this -floor, with its-light -and shade ancolor. T h-eT would only see dirt and spots.""

Ahn these great .tmen -oa Their life wasi one pryer! They did

nothing but their work; cared:-only for -what they werete dboing, and n * u how little th w *rl o I - . } . f - * h I

MODERN DUTCH - ARTISTS

From W-ILLIAM M HUNT' talks to his,, students.



Modern Dutch Artists

Documents

Transcript of Modern Dutch Artists