Models vs. Reality dr.ir. B.F. van Dongen Assistant Professor Eindhoven University of Technology...
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Models vs. Reality dr.ir. B.F. van Dongen Assistant Professor Eindhoven University of Technology [email protected]
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Transcript of Models vs. Reality dr.ir. B.F. van Dongen Assistant Professor Eindhoven University of Technology...
Models vs. Reality
dr.ir. B.F. van DongenAssistant ProfessorEindhoven University of [email protected]
Process Mining
• Discovering processes• How do people behave?
• Compliance oriented• Where and why do people
deviate from standards / rules / regulations?
• Performance oriented• Where are bottlenecks
in my processes?
Aligning models to Observed Behavior
• Starting point for conformance checking is a process model and a log
What is the most likely execution of the model, corresponding to a trace observed in the log?
Introduction: Alignments
• Alignments are used for conformance checking
• Alignments are computed over a trace and a model:− A trace is a (partial) order of activities− A model is a labeled Petri labeled with activities
• An alignment explains exactly where deviations occur:− A synchronous move mean that an activity is in the log and a corresponding
transition was enabled in the model− A log move means that no corresponding activity is found in the model− A model move means that no corresponding activity appeared in the log
Example
model:
ABDE
…
…
log
Logged “A” aligns nicely to model
model:
ABDE
…
…
log
AA
Logged “B” aligns nicely to model
model:
ABDE
…
…
log
AA
BB
Logged “D” does not fit the model
model:
ABDE
…
…
log
AA
BB D
“C” was probably executed, but was not logged
model:
ABDE
…
…
log
AA
BB D
C
Logged “E” aligns nicely to model
model:
ABDE
…
…
log
AA
BB D
C E
E
Alignment shows where deviations occurred
model:
ABDE
…
…
log
AA
BB D
C E
E
Alignment:The best way to fit
the trace in the model
Alignments
• Alignments specify exactly where deviations occurred when comparing logs to models
• Alignments can be used for:• Fitness/precision computations• Performance analysis• Model repair• ...• Compliance analysis
Use of alignment techniques in compliance
13
elicit compliance rules
formalize compliance rules
compliance checking and analysis
implement compliance measures
compliance improvement ?
Automated compliance checking
business process
compliance requirement
diagnostic information
compliance
specificationcompliance checker
Automated compliance checking
business process
compliance requirement
diagnostic information
compliance checker
Log
compliance Petri net pattern
alignmentA B
F
F
B
Ƭ
Specifying Compliance Rules
compliance specifier
compliance checker
rule repositoryWhich
compliance pattern?
precise Petri net pattern
How to prune the Petri net pattern?
Log
Elicit Compliance RuleProM6 (www.promtools.org/prom6)
X-rayPatient registration others
Patient registrationX-RayPatient
registration
Compliance Checking Using Conformance Checking
Implementation
Conclusions
• Alignments provide a powerful method to explain where operational processes deviated from models
• Using the right models, alignments can detect (and predict) possible violations of compliance rules
• Alignments provide guarantees on non-deviating cases
Future directions
Current challenges:
1. Representation and extraction of multi-dimensional event data for deviation detection
2. Representation and management of deviations
3. Detection and diagnosis of deviations
4. Online, real time deviation prediction
5. Integration of prototypes applicable to high-volume data
6. Application on real-life cases
Questions
?
