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Transcript of MODELLING, STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND CFD FLUENT ANALYSIS OF HIGH SPEED GAS TURBINE · PDF...
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 77 [email protected]
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 8, Issue 9, September 2017, pp. 77–85, Article ID: IJMET_08_09_008
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=8&IType=9
ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
MODELLING, STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND
CFD FLUENT ANALYSIS OF HIGH SPEED GAS
TURBINE BLADES
G. Ragul, Rituparna Biswas
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Budge Budge Institute of Technology,
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
C. Sreejith, G. Shaikh Usman Sha
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nehru college of Engineering and Research Centre,
Thrissur, Kerala, India
V. Jayakumar
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
This research paper investigates the improvement of the overall thermal efficiency
in high pressure and high temperature operation gas turbine at the high inlet
temperature. To develop design the gas turbine with minimal effect of the engine
thermal efficiency. In this numerical calculations between fluid and the thermal effect
is important in design considerations. In this work we considered two fluid domains
that hot gas flows in turbine and other coolant air flow over plenum, and in blade
itself as a solid domain meshed independently by using Ansys CFD meshing software.
Generalized grid interfaces (GGIs) were introduced to connect the non-matching
mesh topologies of individual domains. One dimensional simulations was connected to
Ansys using the standard, coolant air flow in plenum and the same time, CFD
simulation can be used as unique Ansys model for laminar to turbulent transition.
Keywords: Gas turbine blades, FEA modelling, Structural analysis, CFD fluent
analysis
Cite this Article: G. Ragul, Rituparna Biswas, C. Sreejith, G. Shaikh Usman Sha and
V. Jayakumar, Modelling, Structural Analysis And Cfd Fluent Analysis of High Speed
Gas Turbine Blades, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology
8(9), 2017, pp. 77–85.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=8&IType=9
Modelling, Structural Analysis and CFD Fluent Analysis of High Speed Gas Turbine Blades
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 78 [email protected]
1. INTRODUCTION
Generally in gas turbines, at the high temperature and pressure hot gas enters into the turbine
from the combustion system to the rotating turbine blades for the expansion process. In order
to increase the overall thermal efficiency as a result advanced gas turbines are used to
maximise the output. T. Sadowski, P. Golewski [1] introduced the concept of one method of
extracting air from the compressor by turbine blades and forces in to plenum and into channel
inside the blade. Kyung Min Kim, Jun Su Park et.al [2] investigated the heat transfer and the
overall structural stresses developed in gas turbine with circular cooling passages. Heeyoon
Chung and Jun Su Park [3] introduced the concept of heat transfer distribution on surfaces by
naphthalene sublimation method by using the correlation between heat and mass transfer.
Vlad Ganine, Umesh Javiya et.al [4] employed new strategy to estimate the heat transfer
coefficient and also lower fluid domain solver in reducing the cost of coupled aero-thermal
analysis. Igor V. Shevchuk, Sean C. Jenkins et.al [5] described the performance and life time
prediction of a high pressure turbine blade and also CHT method. Similarly several other
studies [6-10] have presented about improvement of the thermal efficiency of the advanced
gas turbine by change in the gas turbines and also chemical composition of materials.
2. RESEARCH METHODS
An aero-thermal analysis investigates the temperature of a turbine blade when coolant is
ejected from the trailing edge with a span wise component. An understanding of the way the
temperature varies under coolant flow conditions will be useful when applying analytical
methods to determine aerodynamic loss. The main objective to achieve these aims is to obtain
accurate coolant mass flow rates and coolant ejection. In order for temperature measurements
to be taken the central blade Table.1 shows the blade dimensions and Figure.1 shows the
specification of wind turbine. Figure.2 shows the sectional flow design and designed by Pro/E
commercial software.
Table 1: Blade specification
Number of blades 1
Chord length 140 mm
Pitch 105 mm
Pitch to chord ratio 0.75
Axial chord length 83 mm
Throat width 30 mm
Gauging angle 74°
Inlet flow angle 0°
Outlet flow angle 70°-78°
Stagger angle 51.9°
Span 454 mm
Trailing edge thickness 3.2 mm
G. Ragul, Rituparna Biswas, C. Sreejith, G. Shaikh Usman Sha and V. Jayakumar
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 79 [email protected]
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of turbine blade
Figure 2 Sectional flow view and design of wind turbine by Pro/E
Figure 3Turbine blade without internal passages as per specified dimensions designed by Pro/E
Modelling, Structural Analysis and CFD Fluent Analysis of High Speed Gas Turbine Blades
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 80 [email protected]
By using the finite element method Ansys software, the structural analysis of various
frequency modes is carried out with and without hole in the gas turbine. The output of the
structural analysis at various modes is presented in Figures.3-8.
2.1 Vibration Analysis of Turbine Blade without Hole
Figure 4 Mode 1 frequency – 252.59 Hz
2.2 Vibration Analysis of Turbine Blade with Hole
Figure 5 Mode 1 frequency – 254.43 Hz
2.3 Vibration Analysis of Turbine Blade with Hole
Figure 6 Mode 2 frequency – 452.54 Hz
G. Ragul, Rituparna Biswas, C. Sreejith, G. Shaikh Usman Sha and V. Jayakumar
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 81 [email protected]
2.4 Vibration Analysis of Turbine Blade without Hole
Figure 7 Mode 3 frequency – 836.11 Hz
2.5 Vibration Analysis of Turbine Blade with Hole
Figure 8:Mode 3 frequency – 841.4 Hz
3. TEMPERATURE ANALYSIS USING ANSYS
Figure 9 illustrates the temperature distribution analysis of turbine blade.
Figure 9 Temperature distribution analysis of turbine blade
Modelling, Structural Analysis and CFD Fluent Analysis of High Speed Gas Turbine Blades
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 82 [email protected]
4. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID ANALYSIS USING ANSYS FLUENT
Fluent uses the finite-volume method to solve the governing equations for a fluid. It provides
the capability for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate fluid flow problems. In
this problem, Fluent is used for solving and post-processing. The meshed model of the turbine
blade is obtained as shown in Figure 10 and the boundary conditions employed for gas turbine
blade is shown in Figure 11.
Figure 10 Meshed model of gas turbine blade
Figure 11 Boundary conditions for gas turbine blade
5. CFD ANALYSIS RESULTS
The results of CFD analysis carried out such as pressure and temperature distribution at
different parameters are presented in Figures 12-18.
CASE: I
Figure 12 Pressure distribution (Pa), V = 204 m/s, T = 1100 K & M = 0.6
G. Ragul, Rituparna Biswas, C. Sreejith, G. Shaikh Usman Sha and V. Jayakumar
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 83 [email protected]
Figure 13 Temperature Distribution (K), T = 1100 K & M = 0.6
CASE: II
Figure 14 Pressure Distribution (Pa),V = 272 m/s,T =1100 K & M = 0.8
Figure 15 Temperature Distribution (K),T = 1100 K & M = 0.8
CASE: III
Figure 16 Pressure distribution (Pa), V = 340 m/s, T = 1100 K, M = 1
Modelling, Structural Analysis and CFD Fluent Analysis of High Speed Gas Turbine Blades
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 84 [email protected]
Figure 17 Temperature distribution (K), T = 1100 K, M = 1
Figure 18 Solution convergence
Table 2 presents the comparison between the result of the vibration structural analysis of
the gas turbine with hole and without hole.
Table 2: Comparison of gas turbine vibration analysis
Turbine Blade Without HoleTurbine Blade With Hole
MODE 1 252.59 Hz MODE 1 254.43 Hz
MODE 2 450.63 Hz MODE 2 452.54 Hz
MODE 3 836.11 Hz MODE 3 841.40 Hz
6. CONCLUSIONS
In this work, the FEA modelling, structural analysis and CFD Fluent analysis of high speed
gas turbine blades are presented. The schematic diagrams of turbine blade are drafted by using
pro/E wild fire 4.0 version as per the standard dimension. The following key points are
observed during the analysis.
1. The vibration analysis of the turbine blade with hole and without hole is carried out by
using ANSYS v12 software. From the result of analysis induced vibration in both
blades are same. So mechanically satisfies for the blade.
2. The CFD ANSYS package is used for temperature variation of the turbine blade. From
the result of analysis it was found that the reducing temperature of the turbine blade at
the range of 236 K. It indicates that the turbine blades are effectively cooling. While
effective cooling of the turbine blades can increase their life span, it can also reduce
the thermal efficiency of the engine.
G. Ragul, Rituparna Biswas, C. Sreejith, G. Shaikh Usman Sha and V. Jayakumar
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 85 [email protected]
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