Modelling landscape opportunities, multiple benefits and … Landscape... · Modelling landscape...
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Modelling landscape opportunities,
multiple benefits and impacts
Iain Craigen and Charlotte Beattie
In partnership with:
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Natural Flood Management and Working With Natural Processes
Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
• There is a growing evidence base
for applying Natural Flood
Management (NFM) measures to
manage flood risk
• http://naturalprocesses.jbahosting.com
• NFM and Working With Natural
Processes (WWNP) include storing
water, increasing soil infiltration,
slowing water and reducing flow
connectivity to reduce flooding
impacts
• Measures include:
– Upland mire restoration, built water
storage, river restoration, revised land
management, woodland creation,
sediment management and more… qgis2web © OpenStreetMap contributors,CC-BY-SA
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Overview
• Strategic catchment (rainfall-runoff) flood modelling across SW Peak District
– Based on the updated Flood Map for Surface Water (uFMfSW)
• Identifying Working With Natural Processes (WWNP) opportunities
– JBA Runoff Attenuation Feature Finder (JRAFF)
• Simulating opportunities and analysing impact on the flood hydrograph
– Monitor peak flow attenuation throughout catchment
• Interactive mapping
– Colour theming by potential for storage and attenuation
– Highlighting other constraints to identified opportunities
• Weighing up opportunities against potential downstream impacts / benefits
Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
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Introduction
Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
• Project aim to investigate strategic
potential for Working With Natural
Processes (WWNP) at catchment scale
• Development of catchment rainfall-runoff
model across South West Peak District
comprising drainage from 17 catchments
across an area of 350km2
• Simulation of runoff attenuation features
and Woodlands for Water opportunities
• Simulations monitored across over 70
sub-catchments within study area with
primary focus on headwater sub-
catchments
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Methodology
• Based around the uFMfSW national surface water flood risk methodology
• JRAFF tool to data-mine model outputs to identify natural depressions or Woodlands for Water opportunities
• Classify these as an opportunity for enhancement
• Evaluate potential to ‘slow the flow’ or attenuate
• Visualise the benefits interactive maps
Prepare 2m Digital Terrain Model ensuring downstream connectivity
Apply rainfall design storm profiles for 10 & 30 year Return Periods, use ReFH losses model
Run JFLOW – 2D overland flow model and record peak depths and hydrographs
Use JRAFF to identify locations of stored water or Woodlands for Water and enhance the
storage before re-running
Analyse changes in peak flows – assuming uptake of all storage or tree planting
Visualise using interactive maps allowing user to change layers / view constraints
Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
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Whole catchment JFLOW + ReFH losses modelFully distributed 2m resolution
Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
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MethodologyIdentification and application of runoff attenuation features
• Natural depressions (100-5,000m2) identified from surface water flood risk map (shallow depths filtered out)
• Opportunities filtered out by a number of constraints (urban areas, buildings and roads)
• Runoff attenuation features excavated or bunded into existing Digital Terrain Model (DTM) by up to 1m additional depth
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MethodologyApplication of Woodlands for Water features
• Woodlands for Water comprises a range of target areas (riparian and floodplain zones)
• Dataset filtered by a range of constraints (urban areas, inland water, deep peat and existing forestry)
• Applied to model through increases in surface roughness coefficients
Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
Floodplain Woodlands for Water opportunities
Riparian Woodlands for Water opportunities
Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2016
© Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. Environment Agency, 100024198 2016
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Model results, impact on hydrograph:Monitoring catchments - peak flow reduction from adding additional storage
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Model results, impact on hydrograph:Monitoring catchments – hydrograph attenuation from Woodlands for Water
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Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
30-year return period
predicted percentage peak flow reduction
within headwater sub-catchments
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Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
30-year return period
predicted catchment opportunity storage (m3)
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Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting
• Runoff attenuation features/storage opportunities or woodlands for
water opportunities toggled within each sub-catchment
• Overlaid with additional toggled constraints including environmental
designations and ancient woodland
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Opportunities for upstream storage
considering potential downstream
communities impacted
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SUMMARY & RECOMMENDATIONS
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Summary and recommendations
• Strategic analysis of NFM/WWNP opportunities and impacts on catchment hydrographs across South West Peak District.
• Demonstrates an approach to complement other risk management measures, currently assumes a ‘complete’ adoption of all features
• Need detailed examination and engagement with local stakeholders to provide additional constraints prior to design stage
• Need combining with ecosystem services to complete analysis of best sustainable opportunities and understand additional environmental benefit
• Refined opportunities recommended to be simulated within calibrated rainfall-runoff model to improve understanding of confluence interactions and investigate flood risk impacts and potential benefits
Modelling Landscape Opportunities | JBA Consulting