Modeling of the set-up for the Project experimental tasks and study of radiation hazard due to lost beam particles

in the GSI Future Facilities

INTAS-3588 Project MeetingGSI, May 14, 2004

Project Title: Experimental and Theoretical Study of Energy Deposition and Residual Activation Induced by Uranium Ions to Model the Beam Loss Hazards in the GSI Future Facility

L.Latysheva, N.SobolevskyInstitute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

E.MustafinGSI, Darmstadt

Contents

1. Sketch of the SHIELD code

2. Examples of simulation SIS100 , projectile 238U, 1 GeV/u

3. Examples of simulation SIS300, projectile 238U, 37 GeV/u

4. Simulation of experimental set-up for calorimetric measurement of energy deposition

5. Simulation of experimental set-up for residual activation measurement (preliminary results)

1. The SHIELD transport code as a tool for simulation of interaction of heavy ion beams with complex extended targets

4. Ionization loss, fluctuation of ionization loss and multiple Coulomb scattering of charged hadrons and nuclear fragments.

5. 2- and 3-particle modes of meson decay.

6. Modeling of hA- и AA-interactions in exclusive approach (MSDM-generator). 5

1. Transport of N, , K, N and arbitrary nuclei (A,Z) up to 1 TeV/u.

2. Extended target as a combination of bodies limited by second order.surfaces (CG-compatible)

3. Arbitrary chemical and isotope composition of materials in the target zones.

7. Memorizing of each hadron cascade tree during its simulation without loss of physical information.

8. Storing of sources of , e, e+ and of neutrons (En<14.5 MeV) during simulation of the hadron cascade.55

9. Neutron transport (En<14.5 MeV) on the basis of the28-groups ABBN neutron data library.

10. Analog and weighted simulation modes, open architecture of the code

Recent version of the SHIELD code

Modeling of inelastic hA- и AA-interactions (MSDM – Multi Stage Dynamical Model)

Fast, cascade stage of nuclear reaction:• DCM (Dubna Cascade Model ) [1]• Independent Quark-Gluon String Model (QGSM) [2,3]• Coalescence model [1]

Pre-equilibrium emission of nucleons and lightest nuclei [4]

Equilibrium deexitation of residual nucleus:• Fermi break up of light nuclei [5]• Evaporation/Fission [5,6]• Multifragmentation of higly excited nuclei (SMM) [7]

1. V.D.Toneev, K.K.Gudima, Nucl. Phys. A400 (1983) 173c.

2. N.S.Amelin, К.К.Gudima, V.D.Toneev. Yad.Fiz. 51 (1990) 1730 (in Russian). 3. N.S.Amelin, К.К.Gudima, S.Yu.Sivoklokov, V.D.Toneev. Yad.Fiz. 52 (1990) 272 (in Russian).4. K.K.Gudima, S.G.Mashnik, V.D. Toneev, Nucl. Phys. A401 (1983) 329. 5. A.S.Botvina, A.S.Iljinov, I.N.Mishustin et al., Nucl. Phys. A475 (1987) 663.6. G.D.Adeev, A.S.Botvina, A.S.Iljinov et al. Preprint INR, 816/93, Moscow, 1993. 7. Botvina, A.S. Iljinov and I.N. Mishustin, Nucl.Phys. A507 (1990) 649.

Cross sections of NA-, A- and AA-interactions: V.S.Barashenkov, A.Polanski. Electronic Guide for Nuclear Cross Sections. JINR E2‑94‑417, Dubna, 1994. Cross sections of KA- и NA-interactions: B.S.Sychev et al. Report ISTC, Project 187, 1999.

0 1 2 3 4Projectile energy, GeV/u

10

100

1000Yield, n/projectile

1 10 100100

101

102

103

104

Yield, n/projectile

Aproj

Neutron yield from lead target. Projectiles: 1H, 2H, 4He and 12C. Comparison with experiment

Neutron yield from Fe and Pb targets. Projectiles from 1H up to 238U. SHIELD calculation.

Experiment:Vassil’kov, Yurevich

ICANS-11, 1990.

12C

4He

2H

Proton

Total neutron yield from extended targets under irradiation by heavy ions

Pb-target2060 cm

Fe и Pb-targets2060 cm

1H, 2H, 4He, 7Li, 9Be, 12C, 20Ne, 28Si, 40Ca, 56Fe, 84Kr, 102Ru, 140Ce, 181Ta, 208Pb, 238U

Projectiles, 1 и 3.65 GeV/u

1 10 100 10001E-05

1E-04

1E-03

1E-02

1E-01

n/(MeV sr proj)

Ne400PbExp, 0 deg

Calc, 0-2.5 deg

1 10 100 10001E-05

1E-04

1E-03

1E-02

1E-01

Ne400PbExp, 7.5 deg

Calc, 5-10 deg

1 10 100 1000Neutron energy, MeV

1E-05

1E-04

1E-03

1E-02

1E-01

Ne400PbExp, 15 deg

Calc, 12.5-17.5 deg

1 10 100 10001E-05

1E-04

1E-03

1E-02

1E-01

n/(MeV sr proj)

Ne400PbExp, 30 deg

Calc, 27.5-32.5 deg

1 10 100 10001E-05

1E-04

1E-03

1E-02

1E-01

Ne400PbExp, 60 deg

Calc. 55-65 deg

1 10 100 1000Neutron energy, MeV

1E-05

1E-04

1E-03

1E-02

1E-01

Ne400PbExp, 90 deg

Calc, 80-100 deg

Differential neutron yield from 3 cm in thick lead target under irradiation by 400 MeV/u 20Ne ions. Total yield into forward hemisphere (En>5 MeV): Yexp=5.0(14%), Ycalc=5.28 n/proj.

Experiment: T.Kurosawa et al. J. Nucl. Sci. Tech. 36 (1999) 41.

10-3 10-2 10-1 10010-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

104

Yie

ld, (

n/ s

r pr

ojec

tile)

Yield, (n/GeV sr projectile)

Neutron energy, GeV

=0o

Exp GSI Calc SHIELD

10-3 10-2 10-1 10010-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

Yie

ld, n

/(G

eV s

r pr

ojec

tile)

Neutron energy, GeV

=7.5o

Exp GSI Calc SHIELD

10-3 10-2 10-1 10010-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

Yie

ld, n

/(G

eV s

r pr

ojec

tile)

Neutron energy, GeV

=15o

Exp GSI Calc SHIELD

10-3 10-2 10-1 10010-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

104

Yield, (n/GeV sr progectile)

Yie

ld,

n/(

Ge

V s

r p

roje

ctile

)

Neutron energy, GeV

=30o

Exp GSI Calc SHIELD

10-3 10-2 10-1 10010-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

Yie

ld, n

/(G

eV

sr

proj

ect

ile)

Neutron energy, GeV

=50o

Exp GSI Calc SHIELD

10-3 10-2 10-1 10010-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

Yie

ld, n

/(G

eV

sr

proj

ect

ile)

Neutron energy, GeV

=90o

Exp GSI Calc SHIELD

R=491.3 cm (R‘90=370.0 cm)

238U1GeV/u

r=4.575 cmS=65.76 cm2

n

n

Iron target101020 cm

Differential neutron yield from iron target (101020 см) under irradiation by 1 GeV/u 238U ion beam

SHIELD LAHET

Target 667 670

Blanket (total)Rod №1Rod №2Rod №13Rod №14

583 26.9 30.8 10.9 14.6

607 28.1 33.0 11.0 14.6

Whole assembly 1250 1280

Integral energy deposition (MeV/proton)

Energy deposition into lead-uranium assembly under irradiation by 1.5 GeV proton beam (The Project «Energy+Transmutation»)

Target – lead cylinder,size 8.87см50см,mass 35 кг

Blanket – 30 rods3.6см20.8см, NatUin aluminum envelop0.5 mm, mass 103 кг.

Proton energy 1.5 ГэВ

2. An example of simulation of energy deposition and neutron fluence in superconducting cables for the SIS100 Dipoles

Beam

2 m 2.6 m

Irradiation238U beam: EU=0.1 or 1 GeV/uAngular divergence of the beam: 1 degree in the XZ-plane for -Entry points for 238U ions are distributed uniformly over the length of the vacuum tube [0, 4.6 m]. Coordinates (X,Y) of the entry point are distributed uniformly on azimuth angle .

EllipticVacuum tube

Iron tanks, 35 cm, wall thickness 5 mm

Geometry of simulation for s. c. cables. General view.

Yoke

A

AY

Z

X

Y

Geometry of simulation for s. c. cablesCross section on A - A

Closest supporting band1.5 mm in thick

Closest cable

Distant cable

Distant supporting band1.5 mm in thick

Protecting plate 0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 mm

Geometry of simulation for s. c. cables in more details

Geometry of simulation for s. c. cablesRadial-longitudial partition of the cable

260 cm

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Position No.26 cm

Zone (L=26 cm) Volume, cm3 Mass, g

Helium 3.267 0.229

Cooling tube 1.838 15.805

Epoxy 0.417 0.625

S.C. wires 1.830 10.978

NiCr bandage 1.013 8.508

Kapton 0.857 1.200

Fiberglass 1.130 2.148

Total 7x10=70 zones for each cable

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.0

2.0x10-4

4.0x10-4

6.0x10-4

8.0x10-4

1.0x10-3

1.2x10-3

1.4x10-3

1.6x10-3

1.8x10-3

Without protecting plate

238U - Suporting band - Energy deposition [GeV/g]

E

nerg

y de

posi

tion,

GeV

/(g

proj

ectil

e,23

8 U)

Posision

Fiberglass Closest Distant

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

0.0

5.0x10-5

1.0x10-4

1.5x10-4

2.0x10-4

2.5x10-4

3.0x10-4

Protecting plate - 2 mm

238U - Supporting band - Energy deposition [GeV/g]

E

nerg

y de

posi

tion,

GeV

/(g

proj

ectil

e,23

8 U)

Position

closest distant

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 110.0

2.0x10-4

4.0x10-4

6.0x10-4

8.0x10-4

1.0x10-3

E

ne

rgy

de

po

sitio

n, G

eV

/(g

pro

ject

ile 23

8 U)

Position

Closest cable He4 Tube Epoxy S.C.wires Bandage Kapton Fiber

238U beam – Closest cable – Energy deposition [GeV/g]

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.0

2.0x10-4

4.0x10-4

6.0x10-4

8.0x10-4

1.0x10-3

238U beam - Closest cable - Energy deposition [GeV/g]

E

ne

rgy

de

po

sitio

n, G

eV

/(g

pro

ge

ctile

, 238 U

)

Position

He4

Cool tube Epoxy S.C. wires NiCrBandage Kapton Fiberglass

With 2 mm protecting Fe strip

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 110.0

2.0x10-2

4.0x10-2

6.0x10-2

8.0x10-2

1.0x10-1

1.2x10-1

1.4x10-1

1.6x10-1

1.8x10-1

2.0x10-1

N

eu

tro

n fl

ue

nce

, n/(

cm2 p

roje

ctile

238 U

)

Position

Closest cable He4 Tube Epoxy S.C.wires Bandage Kapton Fiber

238U beam – Closest cable – Neutron fluence [n/cm2]

3. Some preliminary results for the SIS300 Dipoles at 37 GeV/u 238U ion beam energy

17.9

2

0.5

0.5 0

.5

0.5

29.0

318.0

3.5

10.010.0

7.07

260.0

3.0

4.17

4.45

4.95

5.03

6.11 6.

19

7.28 10

.42

24.2

2

34.0

0.5

35.2

95.5

12

The vertical longitudinal cross section of superconducting dipole

Coil 1Coil 2

Yoke

Collar 1

Subdivision of the coils along Z-axis in 10 parts

A - A

X

Z

Diode#3

Diode#1 Diode#2

Yoke

Collar 1

Cells

insertions

Coil 1 C

oil 2

Insulation 1

Insulation 2 In

sula

tion 3

He 1

He 2

4.17

4.45

24.22

35.2

Cross section B - B

Envelope of magnet

Collar 2Collar 3

Cells

Insulatons 1,2Heat insulation layer

4.945

34.0

X

Y

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1010-13

10-12

G

y / p

roje

ctile

238 U

Position along beam axis

Insulation 1 Insulation 2 Insulation 3

Heat deposition into the insulations of the SIS300 magnet

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1010-13

10-12

G

y / p

roje

ctile

238 U

Position along beam axis

Coil 1 Coil 2

Heat deposition into the Coils of the SYS300 magnet

10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100 101 102 103 104 10510-9

10-8

10-7

10-6

1x10-5

1x10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

Secondaries neutron proton

pi+/-

deuteron triton He(2,3) He(2,4) Li(3,all) Be(4.all)

Spectra of the particles ingoing the Coil 1 of the SIS300 magnetdN

/dE

, 1/

(MeV

/u*p

roje

ctile

238

U)

Energy, MeV/u

10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100 101 102 103 104 10510-9

10-8

10-7

10-6

1x10-5

1x10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

dN/d

E,

1/(M

eV/u

*pro

ject

ile 2

38 U

)

Energy, MeV/u

Spectra of the particles ingoing the Coil 2 of the SIS300 magnet

Secondaries neutron proton deuteron triton He(2,3) He(2,4) Li(3,all) Be(4,All)

pi+/-

Diode number Total neutron flux, n/(cm2 projectile)

Diode 1 0.1030.004

Diode 2 0.225 0.007

Diode 3 0.275 0.009

Total neutron flux onto protection diodes of the SYS300 magnets under irradiation by 37 GeV/u 238U ion beam.

4. Simulation of experimental set-up for calorimetric measurement of energy deposition in the copper and iron targets

238U Beam, 1 GeV/u

=0.25 cmCu

R=1.0cmHiH1=0.3L=0.48 cm

H2=0.6L=0.96 cm

H3=0.8L=1.28 cm

H4=1.0L=1.60 cm

H5=1.5L=2.40 cm

H6=2.0L=3.20 cm

Cylindrical target

Calorimeter: CuThickness 100 R=2.5 cmR=0.25 cm

Target height, Hi

5mm

Stop length L=1.6 cm for 238U ion of 1 GeV/u

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.5010-1

100

101

102

103

104

238U, 1GeV/u

Q, M

eV/g

Radius, cm

Height of Cu-target 0.48 cm 0.96 cm 1.28 cm 1.60 cm 2.40 cm 3.20 cm

Radial profile of heat deposition into calorimeter

Balance of energy for Cu-target 2.03.2 cm. 238U, 1 GeV/u(contribution of energy into the assembly is 238 GeV per projectile)

Leakage of energy (GeV):n<14.5 MeV 0.15n>14.5 MeV 20.0p 9.0 1.1others 0.12dE/dx 200.802 0.6

SUM 231.8

10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100 101 102 10310-2

10-1

100

101

238U, 1 GeV/u

Spectra of neutrons leaving the assembly

Height of target 0.96 cm 1.28 cm 1.60 cm 2.40 cm 3.20 cm

Ne

utr

on

/(M

eV

*238 U

pro

ject

ile)

Neutron energy, MeV

5. Simulation of experimental set-up for residual activation measurement in the copper and iron targets (preliminary results)

238U Beam0.2, 0.5, 1 GeV/u

Cu

Cylindrical target, R=2.0 cm

H2L

E, GeV/u H, cm

0.2 0.25

0.5 1.1

1.0 3.0

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.250.1

1

10

100

238U, 200 MeV/u Cu-targetR=2.0, H=0.25 cm

Depth distribution of nuclei-products

N

ucl

eu

s/(c

m*23

8 U p

roje

ctile

)

Target depth, cm

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.10.1

1

10

100

238U, 500 MeV/u Cu-targetR=2.0, H=1.1 cm

Depth distribution of nuclei-productsN

ucl

eu

s/(c

m*23

8 U p

roje

ctile

)

Target depts, cm

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.00.1

1

10

100

238U, 1000 MeV/u Cu-targetR=2.0, H=3.0 cm

Depth distribution of nuclei-products

Nu

cle

us/

(cm

*238 U

pro

ject

ile)

Target depth, cm

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10010-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

238U, 1000 MeV/u Cu-targetR=2.0, H=3.0 cm

Charge distribution of nuclei-products over a whole target volume

Is

oto

pe

/ 23

8 U p

roje

ctile

Z of nucleus-product

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 2400

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

238U, 1000 MeV/u Cu=targetR=2.0, H=3.0 cm

(Z,A)-distribution over a whole target volume

A

Z

1E-5

4.752E-5

2.258E-4

0.001073

0.005099

0.02423

0.1151

0.5471

2.600

2.600