MODAL VERBS IN ENGLISH
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Modal verbsMAYTE GARRIDO
ESL coach
MODAL VERBS LIST• TO BE ABLE TO: (SER CAPAZ DE)
• CAN/ CANNOT (CAN'T) :PODER/ NO PODER
• MAY/ MAY NOT (MAYN'T): PODER/ NO PODER
• MIGHT/ MIGHT NOT (MAIGHTN'T): NO PODER
• HAVE TO (HAS TO) DON'T HAVE TO: TENER QUE/ NO TENER QUE
• NEED/ NEEDN'T: NECESITAR /NO HACER FALTA
• MUST: DEBER
• MUSN'T: PROHIBIR
• DARE/ DAREN'T: ATREVERSE
• SHOULD/ SHOULDN'T: "DEBERÍA"/ "NO DEBERÍA"
• COULD/ COULDN'T: NO PODÍA / NO PODRÍA
• OUGHT TO / OUGHT NOT (OUGHTN'T): "DEBERÍA"/ "NO DEBERÍA (FORMAL )
• BE ALLOWED TO/ NOT BE ALLOWED TO: PERMITIRSE ALGO A ALGUIEN
What is a modal verb?
• A modal verb is a helping verb. A modal verb is used with another verb to express ability, obligation, permission or need. Modal verbs are unlike other verbs:
• 1. Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person.
• 2. You use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past.
Possibility or ProbabilityPresent & Future
• He must be Christiano Ronaldo (90%sure)
• He could be Christiano Ronaldo (70% sure)
• He may be CR7 (50% sure)
• He can be CR7 ( 50% sure)
• He might be CR7 (35% sure)
• He can't be CR7 (5%-1%sure)
Possibility or ProbabilityPast
• He must have been Casillas
• He must not have been Iker
• He may have been Casillas
• He may not have been Iker
• He might have been Casillas
• He might not have been Iker
• He could not be Casillas
AbilityPresent & Future Past
• TO BE ABLE TO
• AM /IS/ARE ABLE TO (PRESENT)
• I AM ABLE TO SHOOT LIKE THIS
• WAS/WERE ABLE TO (PAST)
• I WAS ABLE TO DANCE
• WILL BE ABLE TO (FUTURE)
• I'LL BE ABLE TO KICK THE BALL
• CAN / CAN'T (PRESENT& FUTURE)
• I CAN PLAY FOOTBALL
• COULD / COULDN'T (PAST)
• I COULDN'T GET SO HIGH WHEN I WAS 6
Prohibition
• MUSN'T
• YOU MUSN'T USE THE VIOLENCE
• NOT BE ALLOWED TO
• YOU AREN'T ALLOWED TO MAKE PENALTY
• YOU WON'T BE ALLOWED TO CONTINUE.
Obligation & Advice• HAVE TO/ HAS TO
• I HAVE TO GO NOW
• HE HAS TO BE CAUTIOUS
• DO NOT HAVE TO/ DOES NOT HAVE TO
• He doesn't have to come back
• MUST
• He must wear a red t-shirt and red shorts.
• SHOULD/ SHOULDN'T
• You should stop smoking.
• You shouldn't eat so many sweets.
Permission• COULD
• Could I visit my family?
• MAY
• May I go to the toilet, please?
• CAN
• Can you help me, please?
• BE ALLOWED TO
• Am I allowed to go?
SEMIMODALSDare, Need and Ought to• They can take the auxiliary do for negative and
interrogative or not
• DARE (ATREVERSE)
• We daren't (dare not) remain here
• I dare say....
• I didn't dare to approach him
• NEED (NECESITAR, NO HACER FALTA)
• You need to buy these items
• You needn't + infinitive
• She doesn't need to + infinitive+
• OUGHT TO ("DEBERÍA" CONSEJO FUERTE)
• He ought to go to prison now
You can do it now
• http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal1.htm
• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2229
• http://www.xtec.cat/~ogodoy/sac/rephrasing/rephrexercises.htm
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