Mobile Processors

1Mobile Convergence Conference, July 7-10, 2001, Lisbon, Portugal

Mobile ProcessorsNew Devices Need New Technologies

Mobile Convergence ConferenceJuly 9, 2001

Lisbon, Portugal

Marc FleischmannDirector of Software

Crusoe, LongRun and Code Morphingare trademarks of Transmeta Corp.Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II and Pentium IIIare registered trademarks of Intel Corp.


OverviewThe Vision

From Desktop Replacements to Wireless PCs

Key Technology Trends in the Internet AgeAmple Wireless BandwidthPower Constraints

Emerging PlatformsMobile Internet Computing in the Future

Mobile MicroprocessorsPlatforms for the Internet AgeThe Crusoe Architecture

Feeding the Fat Pipes to all the Multimedia DevicesThe future of data centers


The Vision


Mobile ConvergenceIt’s all about Flexibility and Freedom

What kind of device do you want to take with you?

Still need to get actual work doneCompatibility with entire existing PC software!

And freedom to choose where…Anywhere with small and lightweight form factors (high integration)!

…whenAnytime with all-day long battery life (ultra-low power)!

…and with whomAnybody via persistent high-speed connections to the Internet!

…Oh, and it needs to be affordable, tooLow cost!


All-day Mobile Internet ComputingMobile Convergence: Beyond Desktop Replacements

Casio Cassiopeia Fiva• 990 grams, 21mm thin• Up to 9 hours

with 802.11 card• Dual WindowsMe and

Multimedia quick boot• CNET PC Expo Award

“Honorable Mention”

Fujitsu Biblo Loox T• Integrated PHS

(64 kB/s Cellular)• 3.5lb [1.6kg]• 7 hours (2-3 hours DVD)• CNET PC Expo Award

“Best of Show”

Sony Vaio• Integrated Bluetooth• 2.2lb [1kg]• 5-10 hours


The Sony Crusoe laptop with a video camcorder attached to the side.Users can shoot and send video images to the Internet.

The video lens and display rotate 180 degrees.

Sony Web-Broadcasting LaptopMobile Convergence: Is it a PC or a Camera?


Key Technology Trends


Transistor LimitsPower Density - The Key Design Challenge

Source: Fred Pollack, Intel. New Microprocessor Challenges in the Coming Generations of CMOS Technologies, MICRO32

1

10

100

1000

1985 1995 2000

i386 i486Pentium®

Pentium Pro®Pentium II®

Pentium III®

W/cm2

SurpassedHot Plate

Not too long to reachNuclear Reactor

Year ofIntroduction

14W30W

35W

35W

1 W

2W

Pentium 4®75W


Ample BandwidthDramatic Bandwidth Acceleration in the 21st Century

Bandwidth growth is now outpacing Moore's Law bya factor of 10 Cool Bandwidth can substitute hot transistorsNew computing paradigmis based on the runaway expansion of bandwidth,in particular wireless!

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Alohanet

Ethernet

100 MbsEthernet

GbEthernet

Fibre-opticsInfiniBand

8086

80286

80386

i486

Pentium

PProPII

PIII

IS-95A14.4 kB/s (voice)

UMTS95-HDR2.4 Mb/s

3G - CDMA384 kb/s

3G - CDMA153 kb/s

2.5G - IS-95B64 kB/s (packet)


Home

Hotel

Airport

Wireless LocalAreaNetwork (802.11)

OfficeWireless Personal

Area Network (Bluetooth)

Wireless Wide Area Network

(3G/UMTS)

The New Mobile EnvironmentBluetooth – 802.11 – 3G/UMTS


Once you have a goodwireless connection

What is the biggest problem?DEAD BATTERIES!


Cell Phone FeaturesDrive Wireless PCs

Cell Phone Key FeaturesCell Phone Key Features Wireless PC Key FeaturesWireless PC Key Features

Standby time:Goal: 8 days

User time:• Web browsing time• Email time• Multimedia timeGoal: 8 hours

Talk time:Up to 8 hours

Standby time:Phone on: Up to 8 daysPhone off: Up to 17 days

Battery Time Drives Productivity for Wireless PCsBattery Time Drives Productivity for Wireless PCs


Emerging Platforms


Where do you want to take your office today?Wearables

ViAViA WearableWearable IBM WearableIBM WearableThe ultra-lightweight PC that’s approximately the size of a TV remote control provides desktop functionality in an innovative clip on design.

Includesbi-directional, free-speech

mobile language translation system.

Courtesy of International Business Machines Corporation.Unauthorized use not permitted.


Microsoft Tablet PC

Microsoft’s Tablet PC enables any Windows-based application to take advantage of pen-based input.With the software developed by Microsoft, the Tablet PC can function as a sheet of paper.Handwriting is captured as rich digital ink for immediate or later manipulation, including reformatting and editing.The Tablet PC requires x86 compatibility as it needs to run Windows XP.


The Wireless PC of the Future


The Wireless PC of the FutureAll the Pieces Are Within Reach

1 GHz+ Crusoe “System on a Chip”

256 MB of Memory on only 2 DRAM chips

10 GB disk drive the size of a coin

OLED low power screen with 2048x1600 resolution

Wireless networking chip with both 802.11 and 3G standards

Running the Windows XP platform and applications


How About theMobile Microprocessors?


Crusoe is the Sum of

= Code Morphing Software (CMS) +

VLIW Engine

• “Morphs” PC into VLIW Engine Translates x86 instructions into optimized VLIW molecules

• Learns and improves with time • Evolves to new devices, usage

models and content types

• 128-bit Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) processor

• Fewer transistors • “Lean and mean”

¾ + ¼

Integration

Efficiency

Compatibility

Flexibility

CrusoeThe Microprocessor of the Internet Age


Maximize EfficiencyNo Hardware is the Best Low-Power Hardware

Power = Capacitance × Voltage2 × FrequencyPower = Capacitance × Voltage2 × Frequency

Transmeta innovation -Code Morphing SoftwareEffect - replace millions oflogic transistors with software

… and transistors translate into capacitance

Benefit - significantly reduces power consumption (including 256 kB L2 cache)

73 mm2~140 mm2

CrusoePentium III


Maximize EfficiencyLongRun - Performance on Demand

Dynamically adapt both frequency and voltage to performance demands Mechanisms in hardware

Fully programmablePolicies in CMS

Adapt f to demandReduce v proportionallyCubic power savings!

0

2

4

6

SDR 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

DDR 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Core+NB 6.0 4.1 2.4 1.7 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9

Normal 12.5% 25.0% 37.5% 50.0% 62.5% 75.0% 87.5%

133 MHz, 3.3 V133 MHz, 2.5 V667 MHz, 1.6 V

Linear:I/O (DDR, SDRAM)

Cubic:Core + Northbridge

Power[W]

Power = c × v2 × fPower = c × v2 × f


The LongRun AdvantageDVD Playback – Performance on Demand


Crusoe Processor RoadmapIntegration and Efficiency Next Generation

256-bit VLIW

2–3 x performance Production: 2002

Ultra-Integrated“System on Chip”

½ space½ system powerProduction: 2002

TM5500/TM5800128-bit VLIW

CMS 4.2

667 - 1000 MHz256K/512K L2 on TM5500/58000.13µ CMOS processVolume Production: Q3/01

TM5400/TM5600128-bit VLIW

CMS 4.1

500 - 667 MHz256K/512K L2 on TM5400/TM56000.18µ CMOS processProduction: 9/00


How are we going to feedThe Fat Pipes to all

The Multimedia Devices?


The Economics of Data Centers1 Hall Computing = 4 Halls Power Infrastructure

Huge Internet growth by 2005*20 times more servers95% of the servers don’t even exist yet

Real world doesn’t scale wellData Centers must squeeze as much performance as possible out of their limited resources:

ElectricalPowerCoolingFloor Space

Computer Farm

Power Generators BatteriesUPS’s AC’s*Source: Forrester Research, 1999


RLX Technologies recently unveiled their new super dense blade servers using Crusoe

Maximum CPU density: 8x more per rack24 blade servers per 3U box336 blade servers per 42U rack

Reduced Electricity cost8 – 10 times less

Increased performance per rackSmaller footprintInfrastructure leverage: 4x

Up to 30 times more cost efficient content delivery!

RLX TechnologiesCompressing 336 Servers into 1 Rack

Blade 24 Blades in a Box 336 in a Rack


Summary

Mobile ConvergenceWireless is Rapidly Becoming Pervasive

The PC is EvolvingFrom Desktop Replacement to Mobile Internet ComputerFrom Personal Computer to Permanent Companion

New Design ImperativesSize, Weight and Battery Life

Mobile Microprocessors – CrusoeEnables a Whole New Class of Battery-Powered DevicesThe full PC and Internet experience – Anytime and Anywhere


Backup


BatteryMark 4.0 Test Results*198% Improvement

4:333:24

6:45

Tim

e [h

]

8

6

4

2

0

300 MHzIntel ULV

500 MHzIntel LV

600 MHzCrusoe

*Comparison Done by Independent “e-Testing Labs”


0

2

4

1

3

Couldn’t Play.DroppedToo manyFrames.

1:59

4:04

Play

back

Tim

e [h

]DVD Battery Rundown Results*

205% Improvement

300 MHzIntel ULV

500 MHzIntel LV

600 MHzCrusoe



0

6

12

3

9

6:46 6:24

12:04

Play

back

Tim

e [h

]MP3 Battery Rundown Results*

189% Improvement

300 MHzIntel ULV

500 MHzIntel LV

600 MHzCrusoe



CPUmark99 Performance*

0

25

50

12.5

37.5

29.6*

46.9*

58.5

CPU

Mar

kSc

ore

62.5

39.6*

600 MHzTM5600


Intel ULV Intel LV 800 MHzTM5800

Mobile Processors

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